Arduino ESP32-CAM 学习之旅③ 简单剖析官方案例源码，揭开ESP32-CAM神秘面纱
2021/5/24 22:55:17
本文主要是介绍Arduino ESP32-CAM 学习之旅③ 简单剖析官方案例源码，揭开ESP32-CAM神秘面纱，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
博主联系方式汇总（非诚勿扰）
- Arduino ESP32-CAM 学习之旅① 认识ESP32-CAM，搭建环境，运行第一个程序
- Arduino ESP32-CAM 学习之旅② ESP32-CAM开发板
文章目录
- 1.前言
- 1.1 OpenMv
- 2. 源码学习
- 2.1 源码位置
- 2.2 源码结构
- 2.2.1 camera_index.h —— web页面Gzip源码
- 2.2.2 camera_pins.h —— 摄像头引脚映射关系
- 2.2.3 CameraWebServer.ino —— Arduino代码
- 2.2.4 app_httpd.cpp —— 整个http Server 和 Image Stream Server 处理过程（核心代码）
- 2.3 源码剖析① —— CameraWebServer
- 2.3.1 第一步，解读 esp_camera 关键代码
- 2.3.1.1 esp_camera_init —— 初始化摄像头驱动
- 2.3.1.2 esp_camera_deinit —— 重新初始化摄像头驱动
- 2.3.1.3 esp_camera_fb_get—— 获取摄像头帧数据，创建帧数组返回
- 2.3.1.4 esp_camera_fb_return —— 获取摄像头帧数据，复用帧数组
- 2.3.1.5 esp_camera_sensor_get—— 获取摄像头传感器，一般需要对传感器做一些配置
- 2.3.2 第二步，解读 Setup 和 loop
- 2.3.3 第三步，解读 app_httpd(startCameraServer)
- 2.3.3.1 index_handler —— 处理 http://{ip}:{port}
- 2.3.3.2 status_handler —— 处理 http://{ip}:{port}/status
- 2.3.3.3 cmd_handler —— 处理 http://{ip}:{port}/capture
- 2.3.3.4 capture_handler —— 处理 http://{ip}:{port}/capture，拍照
- 2.3.3.5 stream_handler —— 处理 http://{ip}:{port}/stream，图片视频流
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1.前言
在 Arduino ESP32-CAM 学习之旅① 认识ESP32-CAM，搭建环境，运行第一个程序 中，我们仅仅是运行了一个官方例程，但是对于好学的我们来说，还是想慢慢拆解整个代码模块，拆解成我们可以理解的各个部分。所以，这一篇，请跟着博主去揭开ESP32-CAM的神秘面纱。
官方案例的操作步骤：
- 下载案例到ESP32-CAM，主要烧写注意事项
- 在电脑浏览器上输入串口监视器打印出来的IP地址就会出现如下页面。
这里有一系列的选项可以选择，点击Start Stream按钮就会出现以下画面（放心，这个人不是博主）：
1.1 OpenMv
首先，在我们这里，ESP32-CAM其实就是OpenMv的应用（当然博主也是不断学习才了解到的）。
这里贴一些觉得不错的参考资料：
- https://book.openmv.cc/
- https://docs.singtown.com/micropython/zh/latest/openmvcam/library/omv.sensor.html
2. 源码学习
2.1 源码位置
如果你是下载了ESP32源码，可以找到这个目录。
或者直接去到github查阅：
https://gitee.com/mirrors/arduino-esp32/tree/master/libraries/ESP32/examples/Camera/CameraWebServer
2.2 源码结构
官方案例中，源码围绕着4个文件：
CameraWebServer.inoapp_httpd.cpp—— 整个http Server 和 Image Stream Server 处理过程camera_index.h—— web页面Gzip源码camera_pins.h—— 摄像头引脚映射关系
2.2.1 camera_index.h —— web页面Gzip源码
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//File: index_ov3660.html.gz, Size: 4408
#define index_ov3660_html_gz_len 4408
const uint8_t index_ov3660_html_gz[] = {
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};
注意：这里就是整个Web页面的Gzip字符流，包括：
index_ov2640_html_gz
对应这个web页面
对应摄像头模块ov2640的控制页面
这里感谢群里网友把它转成我们可以看得懂的代码（html + css + JS）：
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
<title>ESP32 OV2460</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
background: #181818;
color: #EFEFEF;
font-size: 16px
}
h2 {
font-size: 18px
}
section.main {
display: flex
}
#menu,section.main {
flex-direction: column
}
#menu {
display: none;
flex-wrap: nowrap;
min-width: 340px;
background: #363636;
padding: 8px;
border-radius: 4px;
margin-top: -10px;
margin-right: 10px;
}
#content {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: stretch
}
figure {
padding: 0px;
margin: 0;
-webkit-margin-before: 0;
margin-block-start: 0;
-webkit-margin-after: 0;
margin-block-end: 0;
-webkit-margin-start: 0;
margin-inline-start: 0;
-webkit-margin-end: 0;
margin-inline-end: 0
}
figure img {
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: auto;
border-radius: 4px;
margin-top: 8px;
}
@media (min-width: 800px) and (orientation:landscape) {
#content {
display:flex;
flex-wrap: nowrap;
align-items: stretch
}
figure img {
display: block;
max-width: 100%;
max-height: calc(100vh - 40px);
width: auto;
height: auto
}
figure {
padding: 0 0 0 0px;
margin: 0;
-webkit-margin-before: 0;
margin-block-start: 0;
-webkit-margin-after: 0;
margin-block-end: 0;
-webkit-margin-start: 0;
margin-inline-start: 0;
-webkit-margin-end: 0;
margin-inline-end: 0
}
}
section#buttons {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: nowrap;
justify-content: space-between
}
#nav-toggle {
cursor: pointer;
display: block
}
#nav-toggle-cb {
outline: 0;
opacity: 0;
width: 0;
height: 0
}
#nav-toggle-cb:checked+#menu {
display: flex
}
.input-group {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: nowrap;
line-height: 22px;
margin: 5px 0
}
.input-group>label {
display: inline-block;
padding-right: 10px;
min-width: 47%
}
.input-group input,.input-group select {
flex-grow: 1
}
.range-max,.range-min {
display: inline-block;
padding: 0 5px
}
button {
display: block;
margin: 5px;
padding: 0 12px;
border: 0;
line-height: 28px;
cursor: pointer;
color: #fff;
background: #ff3034;
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 16px;
outline: 0
}
button:hover {
background: #ff494d
}
button:active {
background: #f21c21
}
button.disabled {
cursor: default;
background: #a0a0a0
}
input[type=range] {
-webkit-appearance: none;
width: 100%;
height: 22px;
background: #363636;
cursor: pointer;
margin: 0
}
input[type=range]:focus {
outline: 0
}
input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-runnable-track {
width: 100%;
height: 2px;
cursor: pointer;
background: #EFEFEF;
border-radius: 0;
border: 0 solid #EFEFEF
}
input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-thumb {
border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,30,0);
height: 22px;
width: 22px;
border-radius: 50px;
background: #ff3034;
cursor: pointer;
-webkit-appearance: none;
margin-top: -11.5px
}
input[type=range]:focus::-webkit-slider-runnable-track {
background: #EFEFEF
}
input[type=range]::-moz-range-track {
width: 100%;
height: 2px;
cursor: pointer;
background: #EFEFEF;
border-radius: 0;
border: 0 solid #EFEFEF
}
input[type=range]::-moz-range-thumb {
border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,30,0);
height: 22px;
width: 22px;
border-radius: 50px;
background: #ff3034;
cursor: pointer
}
input[type=range]::-ms-track {
width: 100%;
height: 2px;
cursor: pointer;
background: 0 0;
border-color: transparent;
color: transparent
}
input[type=range]::-ms-fill-lower {
background: #EFEFEF;
border: 0 solid #EFEFEF;
border-radius: 0
}
input[type=range]::-ms-fill-upper {
background: #EFEFEF;
border: 0 solid #EFEFEF;
border-radius: 0
}
input[type=range]::-ms-thumb {
border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,30,0);
height: 22px;
width: 22px;
border-radius: 50px;
background: #ff3034;
cursor: pointer;
height: 2px
}
input[type=range]:focus::-ms-fill-lower {
background: #EFEFEF
}
input[type=range]:focus::-ms-fill-upper {
background: #363636
}
.switch {
display: block;
position: relative;
line-height: 22px;
font-size: 16px;
height: 22px
}
.switch input {
outline: 0;
opacity: 0;
width: 0;
height: 0
}
.slider {
width: 50px;
height: 22px;
border-radius: 22px;
cursor: pointer;
background-color: grey
}
.slider,.slider:before {
display: inline-block;
transition: .4s
}
.slider:before {
position: relative;
content: "";
border-radius: 50%;
height: 16px;
width: 16px;
left: 4px;
top: 3px;
background-color: #fff
}
input:checked+.slider {
background-color: #ff3034
}
input:checked+.slider:before {
-webkit-transform: translateX(26px);
transform: translateX(26px)
}
select {
border: 1px solid #363636;
font-size: 14px;
height: 22px;
outline: 0;
border-radius: 5px
}
.image-container {
position: relative;
min-width: 160px
}
.close {
position: absolute;
right: 5px;
top: 5px;
background: #ff3034;
width: 16px;
height: 16px;
border-radius: 100px;
color: #fff;
text-align: center;
line-height: 18px;
cursor: pointer
}
.hidden {
display: none
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<section class="main">
<div id="logo">
<label for="nav-toggle-cb" id="nav-toggle">☰ Toggle OV2640 settings</label>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="sidebar">
<input type="checkbox" id="nav-toggle-cb" checked="checked">
<nav id="menu">
<div class="input-group" id="framesize-group">
<label for="framesize">Resolution</label>
<select id="framesize" class="default-action">
<option value="10">UXGA(1600x1200)</option>
<option value="9">SXGA(1280x1024)</option>
<option value="8">XGA(1024x768)</option>
<option value="7">SVGA(800x600)</option>
<option value="6">VGA(640x480)</option>
<option value="5" selected="selected">CIF(400x296)</option>
<option value="4">QVGA(320x240)</option>
<option value="3">HQVGA(240x176)</option>
<option value="0">QQVGA(160x120)</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="quality-group">
<label for="quality">Quality</label>
<div class="range-min">10</div>
<input type="range" id="quality" min="10" max="63" value="10" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">63</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="brightness-group">
<label for="brightness">Brightness</label>
<div class="range-min">-2</div>
<input type="range" id="brightness" min="-2" max="2" value="0" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">2</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="contrast-group">
<label for="contrast">Contrast</label>
<div class="range-min">-2</div>
<input type="range" id="contrast" min="-2" max="2" value="0" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">2</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="saturation-group">
<label for="saturation">Saturation</label>
<div class="range-min">-2</div>
<input type="range" id="saturation" min="-2" max="2" value="0" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">2</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="special_effect-group">
<label for="special_effect">Special Effect</label>
<select id="special_effect" class="default-action">
<option value="0" selected="selected">No Effect</option>
<option value="1">Negative</option>
<option value="2">Grayscale</option>
<option value="3">Red Tint</option>
<option value="4">Green Tint</option>
<option value="5">Blue Tint</option>
<option value="6">Sepia</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="awb-group">
<label for="awb">AWB</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="awb" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="awb"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="awb_gain-group">
<label for="awb_gain">AWB Gain</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="awb_gain" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="awb_gain"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="wb_mode-group">
<label for="wb_mode">WB Mode</label>
<select id="wb_mode" class="default-action">
<option value="0" selected="selected">Auto</option>
<option value="1">Sunny</option>
<option value="2">Cloudy</option>
<option value="3">Office</option>
<option value="4">Home</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="aec-group">
<label for="aec">AEC SENSOR</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="aec" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="aec"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="aec2-group">
<label for="aec2">AEC DSP</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="aec2" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="aec2"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="ae_level-group">
<label for="ae_level">AE Level</label>
<div class="range-min">-2</div>
<input type="range" id="ae_level" min="-2" max="2" value="0" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">2</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="aec_value-group">
<label for="aec_value">Exposure</label>
<div class="range-min">0</div>
<input type="range" id="aec_value" min="0" max="1200" value="204" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">1200</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="agc-group">
<label for="agc">AGC</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="agc" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="agc"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group hidden" id="agc_gain-group">
<label for="agc_gain">Gain</label>
<div class="range-min">1x</div>
<input type="range" id="agc_gain" min="0" max="30" value="5" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">31x</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="gainceiling-group">
<label for="gainceiling">Gain Ceiling</label>
<div class="range-min">2x</div>
<input type="range" id="gainceiling" min="0" max="6" value="0" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">128x</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="bpc-group">
<label for="bpc">BPC</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="bpc" type="checkbox" class="default-action">
<label class="slider" for="bpc"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="wpc-group">
<label for="wpc">WPC</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="wpc" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="wpc"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="raw_gma-group">
<label for="raw_gma">Raw GMA</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="raw_gma" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="raw_gma"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="lenc-group">
<label for="lenc">Lens Correction</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="lenc" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="lenc"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="hmirror-group">
<label for="hmirror">H-Mirror</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="hmirror" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="hmirror"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="vflip-group">
<label for="vflip">V-Flip</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="vflip" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="vflip"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="dcw-group">
<label for="dcw">DCW (Downsize EN)</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="dcw" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="dcw"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="colorbar-group">
<label for="colorbar">Color Bar</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="colorbar" type="checkbox" class="default-action">
<label class="slider" for="colorbar"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="face_detect-group">
<label for="face_detect">Face Detection</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="face_detect" type="checkbox" class="default-action">
<label class="slider" for="face_detect"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="face_recognize-group">
<label for="face_recognize">Face Recognition</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="face_recognize" type="checkbox" class="default-action">
<label class="slider" for="face_recognize"></label>
</div>
</div>
<section id="buttons">
<button id="get-still">Get Still</button>
<button id="toggle-stream">Start Stream</button>
<button id="face_enroll" class="disabled" disabled="disabled">Enroll Face</button>
</section>
</nav>
</div>
<figure>
<div id="stream-container" class="image-container hidden">
<div class="close" id="close-stream">×</div>
<img id="stream" src="">
</div>
</figure>
</div>
</section>
<script>
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function (event) {
var baseHost = document.location.origin
var streamUrl = baseHost + ':81'
const hide = el => {
el.classList.add('hidden')
}
const show = el => {
el.classList.remove('hidden')
}
const disable = el => {
el.classList.add('disabled')
el.disabled = true
}
const enable = el => {
el.classList.remove('disabled')
el.disabled = false
}
const updateValue = (el, value, updateRemote) => {
updateRemote = updateRemote == null ? true : updateRemote
let initialValue
if (el.type === 'checkbox') {
initialValue = el.checked
value = !!value
el.checked = value
} else {
initialValue = el.value
el.value = value
}
if (updateRemote && initialValue !== value) {
updateConfig(el);
} else if(!updateRemote){
if(el.id === "aec"){
value ? hide(exposure) : show(exposure)
} else if(el.id === "agc"){
if (value) {
show(gainCeiling)
hide(agcGain)
} else {
hide(gainCeiling)
show(agcGain)
}
} else if(el.id === "awb_gain"){
value ? show(wb) : hide(wb)
} else if(el.id === "face_recognize"){
value ? enable(enrollButton) : disable(enrollButton)
}
}
}
function updateConfig (el) {
let value
switch (el.type) {
case 'checkbox':
value = el.checked ? 1 : 0
break
case 'range':
case 'select-one':
value = el.value
break
case 'button':
case 'submit':
value = '1'
break
default:
return
}
const query = `${baseHost}/control?var=${el.id}&val=${value}`
fetch(query)
.then(response => {
console.log(`request to ${query} finished, status: ${response.status}`)
})
}
document
.querySelectorAll('.close')
.forEach(el => {
el.onclick = () => {
hide(el.parentNode)
}
})
// read initial values
fetch(`${baseHost}/status`)
.then(function (response) {
return response.json()
})
.then(function (state) {
document
.querySelectorAll('.default-action')
.forEach(el => {
updateValue(el, state[el.id], false)
})
})
const view = document.getElementById('stream')
const viewContainer = document.getElementById('stream-container')
const stillButton = document.getElementById('get-still')
const streamButton = document.getElementById('toggle-stream')
const enrollButton = document.getElementById('face_enroll')
const closeButton = document.getElementById('close-stream')
const stopStream = () => {
window.stop();
streamButton.innerHTML = 'Start Stream'
}
const startStream = () => {
view.src = `${streamUrl}/stream`
show(viewContainer)
streamButton.innerHTML = 'Stop Stream'
}
// Attach actions to buttons
stillButton.onclick = () => {
stopStream()
view.src = `${baseHost}/capture?_cb=${Date.now()}`
show(viewContainer)
}
closeButton.onclick = () => {
stopStream()
hide(viewContainer)
}
streamButton.onclick = () => {
const streamEnabled = streamButton.innerHTML === 'Stop Stream'
if (streamEnabled) {
stopStream()
} else {
startStream()
}
}
enrollButton.onclick = () => {
updateConfig(enrollButton)
}
// Attach default on change action
document
.querySelectorAll('.default-action')
.forEach(el => {
el.onchange = () => updateConfig(el)
})
// Custom actions
// Gain
const agc = document.getElementById('agc')
const agcGain = document.getElementById('agc_gain-group')
const gainCeiling = document.getElementById('gainceiling-group')
agc.onchange = () => {
updateConfig(agc)
if (agc.checked) {
show(gainCeiling)
hide(agcGain)
} else {
hide(gainCeiling)
show(agcGain)
}
}
// Exposure
const aec = document.getElementById('aec')
const exposure = document.getElementById('aec_value-group')
aec.onchange = () => {
updateConfig(aec)
aec.checked ? hide(exposure) : show(exposure)
}
// AWB
const awb = document.getElementById('awb_gain')
const wb = document.getElementById('wb_mode-group')
awb.onchange = () => {
updateConfig(awb)
awb.checked ? show(wb) : hide(wb)
}
// Detection and framesize
const detect = document.getElementById('face_detect')
const recognize = document.getElementById('face_recognize')
const framesize = document.getElementById('framesize')
framesize.onchange = () => {
updateConfig(framesize)
if (framesize.value > 5) {
updateValue(detect, false)
updateValue(recognize, false)
}
}
detect.onchange = () => {
if (framesize.value > 5) {
alert("Please select CIF or lower resolution before enabling this feature!");
updateValue(detect, false)
return;
}
updateConfig(detect)
if (!detect.checked) {
disable(enrollButton)
updateValue(recognize, false)
}
}
recognize.onchange = () => {
if (framesize.value > 5) {
alert("Please select CIF or lower resolution before enabling this feature!");
updateValue(recognize, false)
return;
}
updateConfig(recognize)
if (recognize.checked) {
enable(enrollButton)
updateValue(detect, true)
} else {
disable(enrollButton)
}
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
index_ov3660_html_gz
对应摄像头模块
ov3660的控制页面，不过博主这里没有该模块，所以暂且忽略吧，理论上原理和 ov2640共同。
2.2.2 camera_pins.h —— 摄像头引脚映射关系
源码细节：
#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_WROVER_KIT) #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM -1 #define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1 #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 21 #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 26 #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 27 #define Y9_GPIO_NUM 35 #define Y8_GPIO_NUM 34 #define Y7_GPIO_NUM 39 #define Y6_GPIO_NUM 36 #define Y5_GPIO_NUM 19 #define Y4_GPIO_NUM 18 #define Y3_GPIO_NUM 5 #define Y2_GPIO_NUM 4 #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 25 #define HREF_GPIO_NUM 23 #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 22 #elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_ESP_EYE) #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM -1 #define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1 #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 4 #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 18 #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 23 #define Y9_GPIO_NUM 36 #define Y8_GPIO_NUM 37 #define Y7_GPIO_NUM 38 #define Y6_GPIO_NUM 39 #define Y5_GPIO_NUM 35 #define Y4_GPIO_NUM 14 #define Y3_GPIO_NUM 13 #define Y2_GPIO_NUM 34 #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 5 #define HREF_GPIO_NUM 27 #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 25 #elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_PSRAM) #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM -1 #define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15 #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 27 #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 25 #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 23 #define Y9_GPIO_NUM 19 #define Y8_GPIO_NUM 36 #define Y7_GPIO_NUM 18 #define Y6_GPIO_NUM 39 #define Y5_GPIO_NUM 5 #define Y4_GPIO_NUM 34 #define Y3_GPIO_NUM 35 #define Y2_GPIO_NUM 32 #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 22 #define HREF_GPIO_NUM 26 #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 21 #elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_V2_PSRAM) #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM -1 #define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15 #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 27 #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 22 #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 23 #define Y9_GPIO_NUM 19 #define Y8_GPIO_NUM 36 #define Y7_GPIO_NUM 18 #define Y6_GPIO_NUM 39 #define Y5_GPIO_NUM 5 #define Y4_GPIO_NUM 34 #define Y3_GPIO_NUM 35 #define Y2_GPIO_NUM 32 #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 25 #define HREF_GPIO_NUM 26 #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 21 #elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WIDE) #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM -1 #define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15 #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 27 #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 22 #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 23 #define Y9_GPIO_NUM 19 #define Y8_GPIO_NUM 36 #define Y7_GPIO_NUM 18 #define Y6_GPIO_NUM 39 #define Y5_GPIO_NUM 5 #define Y4_GPIO_NUM 34 #define Y3_GPIO_NUM 35 #define Y2_GPIO_NUM 32 #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 25 #define HREF_GPIO_NUM 26 #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 21 #elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_ESP32CAM) #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM -1 #define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15 #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 27 #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 25 #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 23 #define Y9_GPIO_NUM 19 #define Y8_GPIO_NUM 36 #define Y7_GPIO_NUM 18 #define Y6_GPIO_NUM 39 #define Y5_GPIO_NUM 5 #define Y4_GPIO_NUM 34 #define Y3_GPIO_NUM 35 #define Y2_GPIO_NUM 17 #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 22 #define HREF_GPIO_NUM 26 #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 21 #elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER) #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM 32 #define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1 #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 0 #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 26 #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 27 #define Y9_GPIO_NUM 35 #define Y8_GPIO_NUM 34 #define Y7_GPIO_NUM 39 #define Y6_GPIO_NUM 36 #define Y5_GPIO_NUM 21 #define Y4_GPIO_NUM 19 #define Y3_GPIO_NUM 18 #define Y2_GPIO_NUM 5 #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 25 #define HREF_GPIO_NUM 23 #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 22 #elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_TTGO_T_JOURNAL) #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM 0 #define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15 #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 27 #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 25 #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 23 #define Y9_GPIO_NUM 19 #define Y8_GPIO_NUM 36 #define Y7_GPIO_NUM 18 #define Y6_GPIO_NUM 39 #define Y5_GPIO_NUM 5 #define Y4_GPIO_NUM 34 #define Y3_GPIO_NUM 35 #define Y2_GPIO_NUM 17 #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 22 #define HREF_GPIO_NUM 26 #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 21 #else #error "Camera model not selected" #endif
关于这一块的讲解，请参考 Arduino ESP32-CAM 学习之旅② ESP32-CAM开发板 该篇已经详细说明如何区分开发板。
2.2.3 CameraWebServer.ino —— Arduino代码
源码细节：
//Disable Example for now
#if 0
#include "esp_camera.h"
#include <WiFi.h>
//
// WARNING!!! PSRAM IC required for UXGA resolution and high JPEG quality
// Ensure ESP32 Wrover Module or other board with PSRAM is selected
// Partial images will be transmitted if image exceeds buffer size
//
// Select camera model
#define CAMERA_MODEL_WROVER_KIT // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_ESP_EYE // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_PSRAM // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_V2_PSRAM // M5Camera version B Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WIDE // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_ESP32CAM // No PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_TTGO_T_JOURNAL // No PSRAM
#include "camera_pins.h"
const char* ssid = "*********";
const char* password = "*********";
void startCameraServer();
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.setDebugOutput(true);
Serial.println();
camera_config_t config;
config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;
config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_sscb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_sscb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;
config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;
config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG;
// if PSRAM IC present, init with UXGA resolution and higher JPEG quality
// for larger pre-allocated frame buffer.
if(psramFound()){
config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_UXGA;
config.jpeg_quality = 10;
config.fb_count = 2;
} else {
config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA;
config.jpeg_quality = 12;
config.fb_count = 1;
}
#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_ESP_EYE)
pinMode(13, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(14, INPUT_PULLUP);
#endif
// camera init
esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);
if (err != ESP_OK) {
Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);
return;
}
sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
// initial sensors are flipped vertically and colors are a bit saturated
if (s->id.PID == OV3660_PID) {
s->set_vflip(s, 1); // flip it back
s->set_brightness(s, 1); // up the brightness just a bit
s->set_saturation(s, -2); // lower the saturation
}
// drop down frame size for higher initial frame rate
s->set_framesize(s, FRAMESIZE_QVGA);
#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WIDE) || defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_ESP32CAM)
s->set_vflip(s, 1);
s->set_hmirror(s, 1);
#endif
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}
Serial.println("");
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
startCameraServer();
Serial.print("Camera Ready! Use 'http://");
Serial.print(WiFi.localIP());
Serial.println("' to connect");
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
delay(10000);
}
#else
void setup(){}
void loop(){}
#endif
代码不多，稍后讲解。
2.2.4 app_httpd.cpp —— 整个http Server 和 Image Stream Server 处理过程（核心代码）
源码细节：
// Copyright 2015-2016 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) PTE LTD
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
#include "esp_http_server.h"
#include "esp_timer.h"
#include "esp_camera.h"
#include "img_converters.h"
#include "camera_index.h"
#include "Arduino.h"
#include "fb_gfx.h"
#include "fd_forward.h"
#include "fr_forward.h"
#define ENROLL_CONFIRM_TIMES 5
#define FACE_ID_SAVE_NUMBER 7
#define FACE_COLOR_WHITE 0x00FFFFFF
#define FACE_COLOR_BLACK 0x00000000
#define FACE_COLOR_RED 0x000000FF
#define FACE_COLOR_GREEN 0x0000FF00
#define FACE_COLOR_BLUE 0x00FF0000
#define FACE_COLOR_YELLOW (FACE_COLOR_RED | FACE_COLOR_GREEN)
#define FACE_COLOR_CYAN (FACE_COLOR_BLUE | FACE_COLOR_GREEN)
#define FACE_COLOR_PURPLE (FACE_COLOR_BLUE | FACE_COLOR_RED)
typedef struct {
size_t size; //number of values used for filtering
size_t index; //current value index
size_t count; //value count
int sum;
int * values; //array to be filled with values
} ra_filter_t;
typedef struct {
httpd_req_t *req;
size_t len;
} jpg_chunking_t;
#define PART_BOUNDARY "123456789000000000000987654321"
static const char* _STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE = "multipart/x-mixed-replace;boundary=" PART_BOUNDARY;
static const char* _STREAM_BOUNDARY = "\r\n--" PART_BOUNDARY "\r\n";
static const char* _STREAM_PART = "Content-Type: image/jpeg\r\nContent-Length: %u\r\n\r\n";
static ra_filter_t ra_filter;
httpd_handle_t stream_httpd = NULL;
httpd_handle_t camera_httpd = NULL;
static mtmn_config_t mtmn_config = {0};
static int8_t detection_enabled = 0;
static int8_t recognition_enabled = 0;
static int8_t is_enrolling = 0;
static face_id_list id_list = {0};
static ra_filter_t * ra_filter_init(ra_filter_t * filter, size_t sample_size){
memset(filter, 0, sizeof(ra_filter_t));
filter->values = (int *)malloc(sample_size * sizeof(int));
if(!filter->values){
return NULL;
}
memset(filter->values, 0, sample_size * sizeof(int));
filter->size = sample_size;
return filter;
}
static int ra_filter_run(ra_filter_t * filter, int value){
if(!filter->values){
return value;
}
filter->sum -= filter->values[filter->index];
filter->values[filter->index] = value;
filter->sum += filter->values[filter->index];
filter->index++;
filter->index = filter->index % filter->size;
if (filter->count < filter->size) {
filter->count++;
}
return filter->sum / filter->count;
}
static void rgb_print(dl_matrix3du_t *image_matrix, uint32_t color, const char * str){
fb_data_t fb;
fb.width = image_matrix->w;
fb.height = image_matrix->h;
fb.data = image_matrix->item;
fb.bytes_per_pixel = 3;
fb.format = FB_BGR888;
fb_gfx_print(&fb, (fb.width - (strlen(str) * 14)) / 2, 10, color, str);
}
static int rgb_printf(dl_matrix3du_t *image_matrix, uint32_t color, const char *format, ...){
char loc_buf[64];
char * temp = loc_buf;
int len;
va_list arg;
va_list copy;
va_start(arg, format);
va_copy(copy, arg);
len = vsnprintf(loc_buf, sizeof(loc_buf), format, arg);
va_end(copy);
if(len >= sizeof(loc_buf)){
temp = (char*)malloc(len+1);
if(temp == NULL) {
return 0;
}
}
vsnprintf(temp, len+1, format, arg);
va_end(arg);
rgb_print(image_matrix, color, temp);
if(len > 64){
free(temp);
}
return len;
}
static void draw_face_boxes(dl_matrix3du_t *image_matrix, box_array_t *boxes, int face_id){
int x, y, w, h, i;
uint32_t color = FACE_COLOR_YELLOW;
if(face_id < 0){
color = FACE_COLOR_RED;
} else if(face_id > 0){
color = FACE_COLOR_GREEN;
}
fb_data_t fb;
fb.width = image_matrix->w;
fb.height = image_matrix->h;
fb.data = image_matrix->item;
fb.bytes_per_pixel = 3;
fb.format = FB_BGR888;
for (i = 0; i < boxes->len; i++){
// rectangle box
x = (int)boxes->box[i].box_p[0];
y = (int)boxes->box[i].box_p[1];
w = (int)boxes->box[i].box_p[2] - x + 1;
h = (int)boxes->box[i].box_p[3] - y + 1;
fb_gfx_drawFastHLine(&fb, x, y, w, color);
fb_gfx_drawFastHLine(&fb, x, y+h-1, w, color);
fb_gfx_drawFastVLine(&fb, x, y, h, color);
fb_gfx_drawFastVLine(&fb, x+w-1, y, h, color);
#if 0
// landmark
int x0, y0, j;
for (j = 0; j < 10; j+=2) {
x0 = (int)boxes->landmark[i].landmark_p[j];
y0 = (int)boxes->landmark[i].landmark_p[j+1];
fb_gfx_fillRect(&fb, x0, y0, 3, 3, color);
}
#endif
}
}
static int run_face_recognition(dl_matrix3du_t *image_matrix, box_array_t *net_boxes){
dl_matrix3du_t *aligned_face = NULL;
int matched_id = 0;
aligned_face = dl_matrix3du_alloc(1, FACE_WIDTH, FACE_HEIGHT, 3);
if(!aligned_face){
Serial.println("Could not allocate face recognition buffer");
return matched_id;
}
if (align_face(net_boxes, image_matrix, aligned_face) == ESP_OK){
if (is_enrolling == 1){
int8_t left_sample_face = enroll_face(&id_list, aligned_face);
if(left_sample_face == (ENROLL_CONFIRM_TIMES - 1)){
Serial.printf("Enrolling Face ID: %d\n", id_list.tail);
}
Serial.printf("Enrolling Face ID: %d sample %d\n", id_list.tail, ENROLL_CONFIRM_TIMES - left_sample_face);
rgb_printf(image_matrix, FACE_COLOR_CYAN, "ID[%u] Sample[%u]", id_list.tail, ENROLL_CONFIRM_TIMES - left_sample_face);
if (left_sample_face == 0){
is_enrolling = 0;
Serial.printf("Enrolled Face ID: %d\n", id_list.tail);
}
} else {
matched_id = recognize_face(&id_list, aligned_face);
if (matched_id >= 0) {
Serial.printf("Match Face ID: %u\n", matched_id);
rgb_printf(image_matrix, FACE_COLOR_GREEN, "Hello Subject %u", matched_id);
} else {
Serial.println("No Match Found");
rgb_print(image_matrix, FACE_COLOR_RED, "Intruder Alert!");
matched_id = -1;
}
}
} else {
Serial.println("Face Not Aligned");
//rgb_print(image_matrix, FACE_COLOR_YELLOW, "Human Detected");
}
dl_matrix3du_free(aligned_face);
return matched_id;
}
static size_t jpg_encode_stream(void * arg, size_t index, const void* data, size_t len){
jpg_chunking_t *j = (jpg_chunking_t *)arg;
if(!index){
j->len = 0;
}
if(httpd_resp_send_chunk(j->req, (const char *)data, len) != ESP_OK){
return 0;
}
j->len += len;
return len;
}
static esp_err_t capture_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
camera_fb_t * fb = NULL;
esp_err_t res = ESP_OK;
int64_t fr_start = esp_timer_get_time();
fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
if (!fb) {
Serial.println("Camera capture failed");
httpd_resp_send_500(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
httpd_resp_set_type(req, "image/jpeg");
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=capture.jpg");
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
size_t out_len, out_width, out_height;
uint8_t * out_buf;
bool s;
bool detected = false;
int face_id = 0;
if(!detection_enabled || fb->width > 400){
size_t fb_len = 0;
if(fb->format == PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
fb_len = fb->len;
res = httpd_resp_send(req, (const char *)fb->buf, fb->len);
} else {
jpg_chunking_t jchunk = {req, 0};
res = frame2jpg_cb(fb, 80, jpg_encode_stream, &jchunk)?ESP_OK:ESP_FAIL;
httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, NULL, 0);
fb_len = jchunk.len;
}
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
int64_t fr_end = esp_timer_get_time();
Serial.printf("JPG: %uB %ums\n", (uint32_t)(fb_len), (uint32_t)((fr_end - fr_start)/1000));
return res;
}
dl_matrix3du_t *image_matrix = dl_matrix3du_alloc(1, fb->width, fb->height, 3);
if (!image_matrix) {
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
Serial.println("dl_matrix3du_alloc failed");
httpd_resp_send_500(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
out_buf = image_matrix->item;
out_len = fb->width * fb->height * 3;
out_width = fb->width;
out_height = fb->height;
s = fmt2rgb888(fb->buf, fb->len, fb->format, out_buf);
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
if(!s){
dl_matrix3du_free(image_matrix);
Serial.println("to rgb888 failed");
httpd_resp_send_500(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
box_array_t *net_boxes = face_detect(image_matrix, &mtmn_config);
if (net_boxes){
detected = true;
if(recognition_enabled){
face_id = run_face_recognition(image_matrix, net_boxes);
}
draw_face_boxes(image_matrix, net_boxes, face_id);
free(net_boxes->score);
free(net_boxes->box);
free(net_boxes->landmark);
free(net_boxes);
}
jpg_chunking_t jchunk = {req, 0};
s = fmt2jpg_cb(out_buf, out_len, out_width, out_height, PIXFORMAT_RGB888, 90, jpg_encode_stream, &jchunk);
dl_matrix3du_free(image_matrix);
if(!s){
Serial.println("JPEG compression failed");
return ESP_FAIL;
}
int64_t fr_end = esp_timer_get_time();
Serial.printf("FACE: %uB %ums %s%d\n", (uint32_t)(jchunk.len), (uint32_t)((fr_end - fr_start)/1000), detected?"DETECTED ":"", face_id);
return res;
}
static esp_err_t stream_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
camera_fb_t * fb = NULL;
esp_err_t res = ESP_OK;
size_t _jpg_buf_len = 0;
uint8_t * _jpg_buf = NULL;
char * part_buf[64];
dl_matrix3du_t *image_matrix = NULL;
bool detected = false;
int face_id = 0;
int64_t fr_start = 0;
int64_t fr_ready = 0;
int64_t fr_face = 0;
int64_t fr_recognize = 0;
int64_t fr_encode = 0;
static int64_t last_frame = 0;
if(!last_frame) {
last_frame = esp_timer_get_time();
}
res = httpd_resp_set_type(req, _STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE);
if(res != ESP_OK){
return res;
}
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
while(true){
detected = false;
face_id = 0;
fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
if (!fb) {
Serial.println("Camera capture failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
} else {
fr_start = esp_timer_get_time();
fr_ready = fr_start;
fr_face = fr_start;
fr_encode = fr_start;
fr_recognize = fr_start;
if(!detection_enabled || fb->width > 400){
if(fb->format != PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
bool jpeg_converted = frame2jpg(fb, 80, &_jpg_buf, &_jpg_buf_len);
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
fb = NULL;
if(!jpeg_converted){
Serial.println("JPEG compression failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
}
} else {
_jpg_buf_len = fb->len;
_jpg_buf = fb->buf;
}
} else {
image_matrix = dl_matrix3du_alloc(1, fb->width, fb->height, 3);
if (!image_matrix) {
Serial.println("dl_matrix3du_alloc failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
} else {
if(!fmt2rgb888(fb->buf, fb->len, fb->format, image_matrix->item)){
Serial.println("fmt2rgb888 failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
} else {
fr_ready = esp_timer_get_time();
box_array_t *net_boxes = NULL;
if(detection_enabled){
net_boxes = face_detect(image_matrix, &mtmn_config);
}
fr_face = esp_timer_get_time();
fr_recognize = fr_face;
if (net_boxes || fb->format != PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
if(net_boxes){
detected = true;
if(recognition_enabled){
face_id = run_face_recognition(image_matrix, net_boxes);
}
fr_recognize = esp_timer_get_time();
draw_face_boxes(image_matrix, net_boxes, face_id);
free(net_boxes->score);
free(net_boxes->box);
free(net_boxes->landmark);
free(net_boxes);
}
if(!fmt2jpg(image_matrix->item, fb->width*fb->height*3, fb->width, fb->height, PIXFORMAT_RGB888, 90, &_jpg_buf, &_jpg_buf_len)){
Serial.println("fmt2jpg failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
}
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
fb = NULL;
} else {
_jpg_buf = fb->buf;
_jpg_buf_len = fb->len;
}
fr_encode = esp_timer_get_time();
}
dl_matrix3du_free(image_matrix);
}
}
}
if(res == ESP_OK){
res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, _STREAM_BOUNDARY, strlen(_STREAM_BOUNDARY));
}
if(res == ESP_OK){
size_t hlen = snprintf((char *)part_buf, 64, _STREAM_PART, _jpg_buf_len);
res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)part_buf, hlen);
}
if(res == ESP_OK){
res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)_jpg_buf, _jpg_buf_len);
}
if(fb){
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
fb = NULL;
_jpg_buf = NULL;
} else if(_jpg_buf){
free(_jpg_buf);
_jpg_buf = NULL;
}
if(res != ESP_OK){
break;
}
int64_t fr_end = esp_timer_get_time();
int64_t ready_time = (fr_ready - fr_start)/1000;
int64_t face_time = (fr_face - fr_ready)/1000;
int64_t recognize_time = (fr_recognize - fr_face)/1000;
int64_t encode_time = (fr_encode - fr_recognize)/1000;
int64_t process_time = (fr_encode - fr_start)/1000;
int64_t frame_time = fr_end - last_frame;
last_frame = fr_end;
frame_time /= 1000;
uint32_t avg_frame_time = ra_filter_run(&ra_filter, frame_time);
Serial.printf("MJPG: %uB %ums (%.1ffps), AVG: %ums (%.1ffps), %u+%u+%u+%u=%u %s%d\n",
(uint32_t)(_jpg_buf_len),
(uint32_t)frame_time, 1000.0 / (uint32_t)frame_time,
avg_frame_time, 1000.0 / avg_frame_time,
(uint32_t)ready_time, (uint32_t)face_time, (uint32_t)recognize_time, (uint32_t)encode_time, (uint32_t)process_time,
(detected)?"DETECTED ":"", face_id
);
}
last_frame = 0;
return res;
}
static esp_err_t cmd_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
char* buf;
size_t buf_len;
char variable[32] = {0,};
char value[32] = {0,};
buf_len = httpd_req_get_url_query_len(req) + 1;
if (buf_len > 1) {
buf = (char*)malloc(buf_len);
if(!buf){
httpd_resp_send_500(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
if (httpd_req_get_url_query_str(req, buf, buf_len) == ESP_OK) {
if (httpd_query_key_value(buf, "var", variable, sizeof(variable)) == ESP_OK &&
httpd_query_key_value(buf, "val", value, sizeof(value)) == ESP_OK) {
} else {
free(buf);
httpd_resp_send_404(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
} else {
free(buf);
httpd_resp_send_404(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
free(buf);
} else {
httpd_resp_send_404(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
int val = atoi(value);
sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
int res = 0;
if(!strcmp(variable, "framesize")) {
if(s->pixformat == PIXFORMAT_JPEG) res = s->set_framesize(s, (framesize_t)val);
}
else if(!strcmp(variable, "quality")) res = s->set_quality(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "contrast")) res = s->set_contrast(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "brightness")) res = s->set_brightness(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "saturation")) res = s->set_saturation(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "gainceiling")) res = s->set_gainceiling(s, (gainceiling_t)val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "colorbar")) res = s->set_colorbar(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "awb")) res = s->set_whitebal(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "agc")) res = s->set_gain_ctrl(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "aec")) res = s->set_exposure_ctrl(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "hmirror")) res = s->set_hmirror(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "vflip")) res = s->set_vflip(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "awb_gain")) res = s->set_awb_gain(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "agc_gain")) res = s->set_agc_gain(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "aec_value")) res = s->set_aec_value(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "aec2")) res = s->set_aec2(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "dcw")) res = s->set_dcw(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "bpc")) res = s->set_bpc(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "wpc")) res = s->set_wpc(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "raw_gma")) res = s->set_raw_gma(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "lenc")) res = s->set_lenc(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "special_effect")) res = s->set_special_effect(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "wb_mode")) res = s->set_wb_mode(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "ae_level")) res = s->set_ae_level(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "face_detect")) {
detection_enabled = val;
if(!detection_enabled) {
recognition_enabled = 0;
}
}
else if(!strcmp(variable, "face_enroll")) is_enrolling = val;
else if(!strcmp(variable, "face_recognize")) {
recognition_enabled = val;
if(recognition_enabled){
detection_enabled = val;
}
}
else {
res = -1;
}
if(res){
return httpd_resp_send_500(req);
}
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
return httpd_resp_send(req, NULL, 0);
}
static esp_err_t status_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
static char json_response[1024];
sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
char * p = json_response;
*p++ = '{';
p+=sprintf(p, "\"framesize\":%u,", s->status.framesize);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"quality\":%u,", s->status.quality);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"brightness\":%d,", s->status.brightness);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"contrast\":%d,", s->status.contrast);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"saturation\":%d,", s->status.saturation);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"sharpness\":%d,", s->status.sharpness);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"special_effect\":%u,", s->status.special_effect);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"wb_mode\":%u,", s->status.wb_mode);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"awb\":%u,", s->status.awb);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"awb_gain\":%u,", s->status.awb_gain);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"aec\":%u,", s->status.aec);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"aec2\":%u,", s->status.aec2);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"ae_level\":%d,", s->status.ae_level);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"aec_value\":%u,", s->status.aec_value);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"agc\":%u,", s->status.agc);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"agc_gain\":%u,", s->status.agc_gain);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"gainceiling\":%u,", s->status.gainceiling);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"bpc\":%u,", s->status.bpc);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"wpc\":%u,", s->status.wpc);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"raw_gma\":%u,", s->status.raw_gma);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"lenc\":%u,", s->status.lenc);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"vflip\":%u,", s->status.vflip);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"hmirror\":%u,", s->status.hmirror);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"dcw\":%u,", s->status.dcw);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"colorbar\":%u,", s->status.colorbar);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"face_detect\":%u,", detection_enabled);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"face_enroll\":%u,", is_enrolling);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"face_recognize\":%u", recognition_enabled);
*p++ = '}';
*p++ = 0;
httpd_resp_set_type(req, "application/json");
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
return httpd_resp_send(req, json_response, strlen(json_response));
}
static esp_err_t index_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
httpd_resp_set_type(req, "text/html");
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Content-Encoding", "gzip");
sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
if (s->id.PID == OV3660_PID) {
return httpd_resp_send(req, (const char *)index_ov3660_html_gz, index_ov3660_html_gz_len);
}
return httpd_resp_send(req, (const char *)index_ov2640_html_gz, index_ov2640_html_gz_len);
}
void startCameraServer(){
httpd_config_t config = HTTPD_DEFAULT_CONFIG();
httpd_uri_t index_uri = {
.uri = "/",
.method = HTTP_GET,
.handler = index_handler,
.user_ctx = NULL
};
httpd_uri_t status_uri = {
.uri = "/status",
.method = HTTP_GET,
.handler = status_handler,
.user_ctx = NULL
};
httpd_uri_t cmd_uri = {
.uri = "/control",
.method = HTTP_GET,
.handler = cmd_handler,
.user_ctx = NULL
};
httpd_uri_t capture_uri = {
.uri = "/capture",
.method = HTTP_GET,
.handler = capture_handler,
.user_ctx = NULL
};
httpd_uri_t stream_uri = {
.uri = "/stream",
.method = HTTP_GET,
.handler = stream_handler,
.user_ctx = NULL
};
ra_filter_init(&ra_filter, 20);
mtmn_config.type = FAST;
mtmn_config.min_face = 80;
mtmn_config.pyramid = 0.707;
mtmn_config.pyramid_times = 4;
mtmn_config.p_threshold.score = 0.6;
mtmn_config.p_threshold.nms = 0.7;
mtmn_config.p_threshold.candidate_number = 20;
mtmn_config.r_threshold.score = 0.7;
mtmn_config.r_threshold.nms = 0.7;
mtmn_config.r_threshold.candidate_number = 10;
mtmn_config.o_threshold.score = 0.7;
mtmn_config.o_threshold.nms = 0.7;
mtmn_config.o_threshold.candidate_number = 1;
face_id_init(&id_list, FACE_ID_SAVE_NUMBER, ENROLL_CONFIRM_TIMES);
Serial.printf("Starting web server on port: '%d'\n", config.server_port);
if (httpd_start(&camera_httpd, &config) == ESP_OK) {
httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &index_uri);
httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &cmd_uri);
httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &status_uri);
httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &capture_uri);
}
config.server_port += 1;
config.ctrl_port += 1;
Serial.printf("Starting stream server on port: '%d'\n", config.server_port);
if (httpd_start(&stream_httpd, &config) == ESP_OK) {
httpd_register_uri_handler(stream_httpd, &stream_uri);
}
}
这里才是整个CAM核心代码，包括构建控制页面WebServer、构建图片流ImageStreamServer等等。
2.3 源码剖析① —— CameraWebServer
#include "esp_camera.h"
#include <WiFi.h>
//
// WARNING!!! PSRAM IC required for UXGA resolution and high JPEG quality
// Ensure ESP32 Wrover Module or other board with PSRAM is selected
// Partial images will be transmitted if image exceeds buffer size
//
// Select camera model
#define CAMERA_MODEL_WROVER_KIT // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_ESP_EYE // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_PSRAM // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_V2_PSRAM // M5Camera version B Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WIDE // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_ESP32CAM // No PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_TTGO_T_JOURNAL // No PSRAM
#include "camera_pins.h"
const char* ssid = "*********";
const char* password = "*********";
void startCameraServer();
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.setDebugOutput(true);
Serial.println();
camera_config_t config;
config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;
config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_sscb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_sscb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;
config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;
config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG;
// if PSRAM IC present, init with UXGA resolution and higher JPEG quality
// for larger pre-allocated frame buffer.
if(psramFound()){
config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_UXGA;
config.jpeg_quality = 10;
config.fb_count = 2;
} else {
config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA;
config.jpeg_quality = 12;
config.fb_count = 1;
}
#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_ESP_EYE)
pinMode(13, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(14, INPUT_PULLUP);
#endif
// camera init
esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);
if (err != ESP_OK) {
Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);
return;
}
sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
// initial sensors are flipped vertically and colors are a bit saturated
if (s->id.PID == OV3660_PID) {
s->set_vflip(s, 1); // flip it back
s->set_brightness(s, 1); // up the brightness just a bit
s->set_saturation(s, -2); // lower the saturation
}
// drop down frame size for higher initial frame rate
s->set_framesize(s, FRAMESIZE_QVGA);
#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WIDE) || defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_ESP32CAM)
s->set_vflip(s, 1);
s->set_hmirror(s, 1);
#endif
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}
Serial.println("");
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
startCameraServer();
Serial.print("Camera Ready! Use 'http://");
Serial.print(WiFi.localIP());
Serial.println("' to connect");
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
delay(10000);
}
2.3.1 第一步，解读 esp_camera 关键代码
这里有包含了一个重要头文件：
esp_camera.h 包含了Camera的SDK方法，其中有一个属于Camera初始化配置
camera_config_t—— 摄像头初始化配置
/**
* @brief Configuration structure for camera initialization
* (摄像头初始化配置结构体)
*/
typedef struct {
int pin_pwdn; /*!< GPIO pin for camera power down line */
int pin_reset; /*!< GPIO pin for camera reset line */
int pin_xclk; /*!< GPIO pin for camera XCLK line */
int pin_sscb_sda; /*!< GPIO pin for camera SDA line */
int pin_sscb_scl; /*!< GPIO pin for camera SCL line */
int pin_d7; /*!< GPIO pin for camera D7 line */
int pin_d6; /*!< GPIO pin for camera D6 line */
int pin_d5; /*!< GPIO pin for camera D5 line */
int pin_d4; /*!< GPIO pin for camera D4 line */
int pin_d3; /*!< GPIO pin for camera D3 line */
int pin_d2; /*!< GPIO pin for camera D2 line */
int pin_d1; /*!< GPIO pin for camera D1 line */
int pin_d0; /*!< GPIO pin for camera D0 line */
int pin_vsync; /*!< GPIO pin for camera VSYNC line */
int pin_href; /*!< GPIO pin for camera HREF line */
int pin_pclk; /*!< GPIO pin for camera PCLK line */
int xclk_freq_hz; /*!< Frequency of XCLK signal, in Hz. Either 20KHz or 10KHz for OV2640 double FPS (Experimental) */
ledc_timer_t ledc_timer; /*!< LEDC timer to be used for generating XCLK */
ledc_channel_t ledc_channel; /*!< LEDC channel to be used for generating XCLK */
pixformat_t pixel_format; /*!< Format of the pixel data: PIXFORMAT_ + YUV422|GRAYSCALE|RGB565|JPEG */
framesize_t frame_size; /*!< Size of the output image: FRAMESIZE_ + QVGA|CIF|VGA|SVGA|XGA|SXGA|UXGA */
int jpeg_quality; /*!< Quality of JPEG output. 0-63 lower means higher quality */
size_t fb_count; /*!< Number of frame buffers to be allocated. If more than one, then each frame will be acquired (double speed) */
} camera_config_t;
主要分为几类：
- Pin IO口引脚 （
pin_xxxxx）- 时钟配置（
ledc_timer、ledc_channel）- FPS（
xclk_freq_hz），也叫作帧率，对于ov2640，可以去20KHz或者10KHz- 像素数据格式（
pixel_format），包括 RGB565、JPEG等等- 图片输出大小（
frame_size），包括 QVGA|CIF|VGA|SVGA|XGA|SXGA|UXGA 等等- JPEG图片质量（
jpeg_quality），0-63，数字越小质量越高- 帧缓存数量（
fb_count），默认情况下都是1
camera_fb_t—— 摄像头数据帧结构体（真正存储摄像头数据的地方）
/**
* @brief Data structure of camera frame buffer
*/
typedef struct {
uint8_t * buf; /*!< Pointer to the pixel data */
size_t len; /*!< Length of the buffer in bytes */
size_t width; /*!< Width of the buffer in pixels */
size_t height; /*!< Height of the buffer in pixels */
pixformat_t format; /*!< Format of the pixel data */
struct timeval timestamp; /*!< Timestamp since boot of the first DMA buffer of the frame */
} camera_fb_t;
- 常见错误
#define ESP_ERR_CAMERA_BASE 0x20000 #define ESP_ERR_CAMERA_NOT_DETECTED (ESP_ERR_CAMERA_BASE + 1) #define ESP_ERR_CAMERA_FAILED_TO_SET_FRAME_SIZE (ESP_ERR_CAMERA_BASE + 2) #define ESP_ERR_CAMERA_FAILED_TO_SET_OUT_FORMAT (ESP_ERR_CAMERA_BASE + 3) #define ESP_ERR_CAMERA_NOT_SUPPORTED (ESP_ERR_CAMERA_BASE + 4)
- SDK方法重点
2.3.1.1 esp_camera_init —— 初始化摄像头驱动
/** * @brief Initialize the camera driver * * @note call camera_probe before calling this function * * This function detects and configures camera over I2C interface, * allocates framebuffer and DMA buffers, * initializes parallel I2S input, and sets up DMA descriptors. * * Currently this function can only be called once and there is * no way to de-initialize this module. * * @param config Camera configuration parameters * * @return ESP_OK on success */ esp_err_t esp_camera_init(const camera_config_t* config);
此方法只能被调用一次。
2.3.1.2 esp_camera_deinit —— 重新初始化摄像头驱动
/** * @brief Deinitialize the camera driver * * @return * - ESP_OK on success * - ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE if the driver hasn't been initialized yet */ esp_err_t esp_camera_deinit();
2.3.1.3 esp_camera_fb_get—— 获取摄像头帧数据，创建帧数组返回
/** * @brief Obtain pointer to a frame buffer. * * @return pointer to the frame buffer */ camera_fb_t* esp_camera_fb_get();
这里是返回一个新的数组，也就意味着创建内容，习惯性要和 esp_camera_fb_return 一起使用
2.3.1.4 esp_camera_fb_return —— 获取摄像头帧数据，复用帧数组
/** * @brief Return the frame buffer to be reused again. * * @param fb Pointer to the frame buffer */ void esp_camera_fb_return(camera_fb_t * fb);
2.3.1.5 esp_camera_sensor_get—— 获取摄像头传感器，一般需要对传感器做一些配置
/** * @brief Get a pointer to the image sensor control structure * * @return pointer to the sensor */ sensor_t * esp_camera_sensor_get();
暂时还没有看太懂各个参数（毕竟不是专业搞摄像头）：
typedef struct _sensor {
sensor_id_t id; // Sensor ID.
uint8_t slv_addr; // Sensor I2C slave address.
pixformat_t pixformat;
camera_status_t status;
int xclk_freq_hz;
// Sensor function pointers
int (*init_status) (sensor_t *sensor);
// 初始化相机传感器
int (*reset) (sensor_t *sensor);
// 设置相机模块的像素模式
int (*set_pixformat) (sensor_t *sensor, pixformat_t pixformat);
// 设置相机模块的帧大小
int (*set_framesize) (sensor_t *sensor, framesize_t framesize);
// 设置相机图像对比度。-3至+3
int (*set_contrast) (sensor_t *sensor, int level);
// 设置相机图像亮度。-3至+3
int (*set_brightness) (sensor_t *sensor, int level);
// 设置相机图像饱和度。-3至+3
int (*set_saturation) (sensor_t *sensor, int level);
int (*set_sharpness) (sensor_t *sensor, int level);
int (*set_denoise) (sensor_t *sensor, int level);
// 设置相机图像增益上限。2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128
int (*set_gainceiling) (sensor_t *sensor, gainceiling_t gainceiling);
// 设置相机图像JPEG压缩质量。0-100
int (*set_quality) (sensor_t *sensor, int quality);
// 打开（True）或关闭（False）彩色模式。默认关闭。
int (*set_colorbar) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
// 使能白平衡
int (*set_whitebal) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
// 使能增益
int (*set_gain_ctrl) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
// 使能曝光
int (*set_exposure_ctrl) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
// 使能水平方向翻转
int (*set_hmirror) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
// 垂直方向翻转
int (*set_vflip) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
int (*set_aec2) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
// 自动白平衡
int (*set_awb_gain) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
// 自动增益
int (*set_agc_gain) (sensor_t *sensor, int gain);
// 自动曝光
int (*set_aec_value) (sensor_t *sensor, int gain);
int (*set_special_effect) (sensor_t *sensor, int effect);
int (*set_wb_mode) (sensor_t *sensor, int mode);
int (*set_ae_level) (sensor_t *sensor, int level);
int (*set_dcw) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
int (*set_bpc) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
int (*set_wpc) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
int (*set_raw_gma) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
int (*set_lenc) (sensor_t *sensor, int enable);
int (*get_reg) (sensor_t *sensor, int reg, int mask);
int (*set_reg) (sensor_t *sensor, int reg, int mask, int value);
int (*set_res_raw) (sensor_t *sensor, int startX, int startY, int endX, int endY, int offsetX, int offsetY, int totalX, int totalY, int outputX, int outputY, bool scale, bool binning);
int (*set_pll) (sensor_t *sensor, int bypass, int mul, int sys, int root, int pre, int seld5, int pclken, int pclk);
int (*set_xclk) (sensor_t *sensor, int timer, int xclk);
} sensor_t;
有一堆setXXX方法。表示设置参数
sensor_id_t代表特定摄像头模块信息
typedef struct {
uint8_t MIDH;
uint8_t MIDL;
uint8_t PID;
uint8_t VER;
} sensor_id_t;
重点关注 PID（表示具体摄像头，也叫作感光元件）：
#define NT99141_PID (0x14) #define OV9650_PID (0x96) #define OV7725_PID (0x77) #define OV2640_PID (0x26) #define OV3660_PID (0x36) #define OV5640_PID (0x56) #define OV7670_PID (0x76)
pixformat_t——像素格式
typedef enum {
PIXFORMAT_RGB565, // 2BPP/RGB565
PIXFORMAT_YUV422, // 2BPP/YUV422
PIXFORMAT_GRAYSCALE, // 1BPP/GRAYSCALE
PIXFORMAT_JPEG, // JPEG/COMPRESSED
PIXFORMAT_RGB888, // 3BPP/RGB888
PIXFORMAT_RAW, // RAW
PIXFORMAT_RGB444, // 3BP2P/RGB444
PIXFORMAT_RGB555, // 3BP2P/RGB555
} pixformat_t;
framesize_t图像帧数据大小 （长 * 宽）
typedef enum {
FRAMESIZE_96X96, // 96x96
FRAMESIZE_QQVGA, // 160x120
FRAMESIZE_QCIF, // 176x144
FRAMESIZE_HQVGA, // 240x176
FRAMESIZE_240X240, // 240x240
FRAMESIZE_QVGA, // 320x240
FRAMESIZE_CIF, // 400x296
FRAMESIZE_HVGA, // 480x320
FRAMESIZE_VGA, // 640x480
FRAMESIZE_SVGA, // 800x600
FRAMESIZE_XGA, // 1024x768
FRAMESIZE_HD, // 1280x720
FRAMESIZE_SXGA, // 1280x1024
FRAMESIZE_UXGA, // 1600x1200
// 3MP Sensors
FRAMESIZE_FHD, // 1920x1080
FRAMESIZE_P_HD, // 720x1280
FRAMESIZE_P_3MP, // 864x1536
FRAMESIZE_QXGA, // 2048x1536
// 5MP Sensors
FRAMESIZE_QHD, // 2560x1440
FRAMESIZE_WQXGA, // 2560x1600
FRAMESIZE_P_FHD, // 1080x1920
FRAMESIZE_QSXGA, // 2560x1920
FRAMESIZE_INVALID
} framesize_t;
gainceiling_t—— 相机图像增益上限
typedef enum {
GAINCEILING_2X,
GAINCEILING_4X,
GAINCEILING_8X,
GAINCEILING_16X,
GAINCEILING_32X,
GAINCEILING_64X,
GAINCEILING_128X,
} gainceiling_t;
2.3.2 第二步，解读 Setup 和 loop
源码+注释：
#include "esp_camera.h" // 核心库
#include <WiFi.h> // ESP32 Arduino库
//
// WARNING!!! PSRAM IC required for UXGA resolution and high JPEG quality
// Ensure ESP32 Wrover Module or other board with PSRAM is selected
// Partial images will be transmitted if image exceeds buffer size
//
// Select camera model
// #define CAMERA_MODEL_WROVER_KIT // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_ESP_EYE // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_PSRAM // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_V2_PSRAM // M5Camera version B Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WIDE // Has PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_ESP32CAM // No PSRAM
#define CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER // Has PSRAM 选用安信可CAM模块
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_TTGO_T_JOURNAL // No PSRAM
#include "camera_pins.h" //根据上面选择的CameraModel引入对应的引脚
const char* ssid = "*********";
const char* password = "*********";
void startCameraServer(); // 开启整个camera webserver
void setup() {
// 串口初始化
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.setDebugOutput(true);
Serial.println();
// 摄像头配置
camera_config_t config;
config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;
config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_sscb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_sscb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;
config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000; // 20KHz
config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG; // JPEG格式
// if PSRAM IC present, init with UXGA resolution and higher JPEG quality
// for larger pre-allocated frame buffer.
if(psramFound()){
config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_UXGA; // 图像帧大小
config.jpeg_quality = 10; // JPEG压缩
config.fb_count = 2; // 缓存帧数量
} else {
config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA;
config.jpeg_quality = 12;
config.fb_count = 1;
}
// 另一款摄像头模块 ESP_EYE
#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_ESP_EYE)
pinMode(13, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(14, INPUT_PULLUP);
#endif
// 初始化摄像头
esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);
if (err != ESP_OK) {
Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);
return;
}
// 初始化成功后获取当前摄像头传感器
sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
// initial sensors are flipped vertically and colors are a bit saturated
// 判断摄像头是否是Ov3660
if (s->id.PID == OV3660_PID) {
s->set_vflip(s, 1); // flip it back
s->set_brightness(s, 1); // up the brightness just a bit
s->set_saturation(s, -2); // lower the saturation
}
// drop down frame size for higher initial frame rate
s->set_framesize(s, FRAMESIZE_QVGA);
// 另一款摄像头模块 M5STACK
#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WIDE) || defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_ESP32CAM)
s->set_vflip(s, 1);
s->set_hmirror(s, 1);
#endif
// 连接wifi路由
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}
Serial.println("");
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
// 启动摄像头服务器，这里会包括WebServer以及图片流StreamServer
startCameraServer();
Serial.print("Camera Ready! Use 'http://");
Serial.print(WiFi.localIP());
Serial.println("' to connect");
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
delay(10000);
}
这里主要关注几个步骤：
- 摄像头配置
camera_config_t - 摄像头初始化
esp_camera_init - 设置摄像头
esp_camera_sensor_get - 启动服务器监听
startCameraServer
2.3.3 第三步，解读 app_httpd(startCameraServer)
源码+注释：
// 启动Web服务器
void startCameraServer(){
// 构建HTTP常用配置，包括端口、栈大小、send_wait_timeout、链接数等等
httpd_config_t config = HTTPD_DEFAULT_CONFIG();
// 处理请求:
// - 请求地址： http://${ip}:${port}，ip为IP地址，port为端口号
// - 请求方式： GET 请求
// - 请求处理响应： index_handler
httpd_uri_t index_uri = {
.uri = "/",
.method = HTTP_GET,
.handler = index_handler,
.user_ctx = NULL
};
// 处理请求:
// - 请求地址： http://${ip}:${port}/status，ip为IP地址，port为端口号
// - 请求方式： GET 请求
// - 请求处理响应： status_handler
httpd_uri_t status_uri = {
.uri = "/status",
.method = HTTP_GET,
.handler = status_handler,
.user_ctx = NULL
};
// 处理请求:
// - 请求地址： http://${ip}:${port}/control，ip为IP地址，port为端口号
// - 请求方式： GET 请求
// - 请求处理响应： cmd_handler
httpd_uri_t cmd_uri = {
.uri = "/control",
.method = HTTP_GET,
.handler = cmd_handler,
.user_ctx = NULL
};
// 处理请求:
// - 请求地址： http://${ip}:${port}/capture，ip为IP地址，port为端口号
// - 请求方式： GET 请求
// - 请求处理响应： capture_handler
httpd_uri_t capture_uri = {
.uri = "/capture",
.method = HTTP_GET,
.handler = capture_handler,
.user_ctx = NULL
};
// 处理请求:
// - 请求地址： http://${ip}:${port}/stream，ip为IP地址，port为端口号
// - 请求方式： GET 请求
// - 请求处理响应： stream_handler
httpd_uri_t stream_uri = {
.uri = "/stream",
.method = HTTP_GET,
.handler = stream_handler,
.user_ctx = NULL
};
//-------- 跟人脸检测有关系 ----------------//
ra_filter_init(&ra_filter, 20);
mtmn_config.type = FAST;
mtmn_config.min_face = 80;
mtmn_config.pyramid = 0.707;
mtmn_config.pyramid_times = 4;
mtmn_config.p_threshold.score = 0.6;
mtmn_config.p_threshold.nms = 0.7;
mtmn_config.p_threshold.candidate_number = 20;
mtmn_config.r_threshold.score = 0.7;
mtmn_config.r_threshold.nms = 0.7;
mtmn_config.r_threshold.candidate_number = 10;
mtmn_config.o_threshold.score = 0.7;
mtmn_config.o_threshold.nms = 0.7;
mtmn_config.o_threshold.candidate_number = 1;
face_id_init(&id_list, FACE_ID_SAVE_NUMBER, ENROLL_CONFIRM_TIMES);
//-------- 跟人脸检测有关系 ----------------//
// 启动WebServer
Serial.printf("Starting web server on port: '%d'\n", config.server_port);
if (httpd_start(&camera_httpd, &config) == ESP_OK) {
// 启动服务器成功，就注入请求回调，这些请求均由Web页面发起
httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &index_uri);// 首页访问
httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &cmd_uri);// 控制命令
httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &status_uri);// 状态访问
httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &capture_uri);//
}
config.server_port += 1;
config.ctrl_port += 1;
// 启动SteamServer，端口号在WebServer基础上加1
Serial.printf("Starting stream server on port: '%d'\n", config.server_port);
if (httpd_start(&stream_httpd, &config) == ESP_OK) {
// 启动服务器成功，就注入请求回调，这些请求均由Web页面发起
httpd_register_uri_handler(stream_httpd, &stream_uri);// 图片流访问
}
}
- 这里主要起了两个Server，一个是H5页面的WebServer，一个是图片流的StreamServer。关于什么叫做WebServer，请自行学习 ESP8266开发之旅 网络篇⑪ WebServer——ESP8266WebServer库的使用
2.3.3.1 index_handler —— 处理 http://{ip}:{port}
static esp_err_t index_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
httpd_resp_set_type(req, "text/html");
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Content-Encoding", "gzip");
sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
if (s->id.PID == OV3660_PID) {
return httpd_resp_send(req, (const char *)index_ov3660_html_gz, index_ov3660_html_gz_len);
}
return httpd_resp_send(req, (const char *)index_ov2640_html_gz, index_ov2640_html_gz_len);
}
这里使用Gzip方式把WebHtml显示内容返回给浏览器解析。抛开CSS样式，我们截取布局加JS代码：
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
<title>ESP32 OV2640</title>
</head>
<body>
<section class="main">
<div id="logo">
<label for="nav-toggle-cb" id="nav-toggle">☰ Toggle OV2640 settings</label>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="sidebar">
<input type="checkbox" id="nav-toggle-cb" checked="checked">
<nav id="menu">
<div class="input-group" id="framesize-group">
<label for="framesize">Resolution</label>
<select id="framesize" class="default-action">
<option value="10">UXGA(1600x1200)</option>
<option value="9">SXGA(1280x1024)</option>
<option value="8">XGA(1024x768)</option>
<option value="7">SVGA(800x600)</option>
<option value="6">VGA(640x480)</option>
<option value="5" selected="selected">CIF(400x296)</option>
<option value="4">QVGA(320x240)</option>
<option value="3">HQVGA(240x176)</option>
<option value="0">QQVGA(160x120)</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="quality-group">
<label for="quality">Quality</label>
<div class="range-min">10</div>
<input type="range" id="quality" min="10" max="63" value="10" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">63</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="brightness-group">
<label for="brightness">Brightness</label>
<div class="range-min">-2</div>
<input type="range" id="brightness" min="-2" max="2" value="0" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">2</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="contrast-group">
<label for="contrast">Contrast</label>
<div class="range-min">-2</div>
<input type="range" id="contrast" min="-2" max="2" value="0" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">2</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="saturation-group">
<label for="saturation">Saturation</label>
<div class="range-min">-2</div>
<input type="range" id="saturation" min="-2" max="2" value="0" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">2</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="special_effect-group">
<label for="special_effect">Special Effect</label>
<select id="special_effect" class="default-action">
<option value="0" selected="selected">No Effect</option>
<option value="1">Negative</option>
<option value="2">Grayscale</option>
<option value="3">Red Tint</option>
<option value="4">Green Tint</option>
<option value="5">Blue Tint</option>
<option value="6">Sepia</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="awb-group">
<label for="awb">AWB</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="awb" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="awb"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="awb_gain-group">
<label for="awb_gain">AWB Gain</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="awb_gain" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="awb_gain"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="wb_mode-group">
<label for="wb_mode">WB Mode</label>
<select id="wb_mode" class="default-action">
<option value="0" selected="selected">Auto</option>
<option value="1">Sunny</option>
<option value="2">Cloudy</option>
<option value="3">Office</option>
<option value="4">Home</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="aec-group">
<label for="aec">AEC SENSOR</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="aec" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="aec"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="aec2-group">
<label for="aec2">AEC DSP</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="aec2" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="aec2"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="ae_level-group">
<label for="ae_level">AE Level</label>
<div class="range-min">-2</div>
<input type="range" id="ae_level" min="-2" max="2" value="0" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">2</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="aec_value-group">
<label for="aec_value">Exposure</label>
<div class="range-min">0</div>
<input type="range" id="aec_value" min="0" max="1200" value="204" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">1200</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="agc-group">
<label for="agc">AGC</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="agc" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="agc"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group hidden" id="agc_gain-group">
<label for="agc_gain">Gain</label>
<div class="range-min">1x</div>
<input type="range" id="agc_gain" min="0" max="30" value="5" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">31x</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="gainceiling-group">
<label for="gainceiling">Gain Ceiling</label>
<div class="range-min">2x</div>
<input type="range" id="gainceiling" min="0" max="6" value="0" class="default-action">
<div class="range-max">128x</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="bpc-group">
<label for="bpc">BPC</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="bpc" type="checkbox" class="default-action">
<label class="slider" for="bpc"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="wpc-group">
<label for="wpc">WPC</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="wpc" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="wpc"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="raw_gma-group">
<label for="raw_gma">Raw GMA</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="raw_gma" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="raw_gma"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="lenc-group">
<label for="lenc">Lens Correction</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="lenc" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="lenc"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="hmirror-group">
<label for="hmirror">H-Mirror</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="hmirror" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="hmirror"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="vflip-group">
<label for="vflip">V-Flip</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="vflip" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="vflip"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="dcw-group">
<label for="dcw">DCW (Downsize EN)</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="dcw" type="checkbox" class="default-action" checked="checked">
<label class="slider" for="dcw"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="colorbar-group">
<label for="colorbar">Color Bar</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="colorbar" type="checkbox" class="default-action">
<label class="slider" for="colorbar"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="face_detect-group">
<label for="face_detect">Face Detection</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="face_detect" type="checkbox" class="default-action">
<label class="slider" for="face_detect"></label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group" id="face_recognize-group">
<label for="face_recognize">Face Recognition</label>
<div class="switch">
<input id="face_recognize" type="checkbox" class="default-action">
<label class="slider" for="face_recognize"></label>
</div>
</div>
<section id="buttons">
<button id="get-still">Get Still</button>
<button id="toggle-stream">Start Stream</button>
<button id="face_enroll" class="disabled" disabled="disabled">Enroll Face</button>
</section>
</nav>
</div>
<figure>
<div id="stream-container" class="image-container hidden">
<div class="close" id="close-stream">×</div>
<img id="stream" src="">
</div>
</figure>
</div>
</section>
<script>
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function (event) {
var baseHost = document.location.origin
var streamUrl = baseHost + ':81'
const hide = el => {
el.classList.add('hidden')
}
const show = el => {
el.classList.remove('hidden')
}
const disable = el => {
el.classList.add('disabled')
el.disabled = true
}
const enable = el => {
el.classList.remove('disabled')
el.disabled = false
}
const updateValue = (el, value, updateRemote) => {
updateRemote = updateRemote == null ? true : updateRemote
let initialValue
if (el.type === 'checkbox') {
initialValue = el.checked
value = !!value
el.checked = value
} else {
initialValue = el.value
el.value = value
}
if (updateRemote && initialValue !== value) {
updateConfig(el);
} else if(!updateRemote){
if(el.id === "aec"){
value ? hide(exposure) : show(exposure)
} else if(el.id === "agc"){
if (value) {
show(gainCeiling)
hide(agcGain)
} else {
hide(gainCeiling)
show(agcGain)
}
} else if(el.id === "awb_gain"){
value ? show(wb) : hide(wb)
} else if(el.id === "face_recognize"){
value ? enable(enrollButton) : disable(enrollButton)
}
}
}
function updateConfig (el) {
let value
switch (el.type) {
case 'checkbox':
value = el.checked ? 1 : 0
break
case 'range':
case 'select-one':
value = el.value
break
case 'button':
case 'submit':
value = '1'
break
default:
return
}
const query = `${baseHost}/control?var=${el.id}&val=${value}`
fetch(query)
.then(response => {
console.log(`request to ${query} finished, status: ${response.status}`)
})
}
document
.querySelectorAll('.close')
.forEach(el => {
el.onclick = () => {
hide(el.parentNode)
}
})
// read initial values
fetch(`${baseHost}/status`)
.then(function (response) {
return response.json()
})
.then(function (state) {
document
.querySelectorAll('.default-action')
.forEach(el => {
updateValue(el, state[el.id], false)
})
})
const view = document.getElementById('stream')
const viewContainer = document.getElementById('stream-container')
const stillButton = document.getElementById('get-still')
const streamButton = document.getElementById('toggle-stream')
const enrollButton = document.getElementById('face_enroll')
const closeButton = document.getElementById('close-stream')
const stopStream = () => {
window.stop();
streamButton.innerHTML = 'Start Stream'
}
const startStream = () => {
view.src = `${streamUrl}/stream`
show(viewContainer)
streamButton.innerHTML = 'Stop Stream'
}
// Attach actions to buttons
stillButton.onclick = () => {
stopStream()
view.src = `${baseHost}/capture?_cb=${Date.now()}`
show(viewContainer)
}
closeButton.onclick = () => {
stopStream()
hide(viewContainer)
}
streamButton.onclick = () => {
const streamEnabled = streamButton.innerHTML === 'Stop Stream'
if (streamEnabled) {
stopStream()
} else {
startStream()
}
}
enrollButton.onclick = () => {
updateConfig(enrollButton)
}
// Attach default on change action
document
.querySelectorAll('.default-action')
.forEach(el => {
el.onchange = () => updateConfig(el)
})
// Custom actions
// Gain
const agc = document.getElementById('agc')
const agcGain = document.getElementById('agc_gain-group')
const gainCeiling = document.getElementById('gainceiling-group')
agc.onchange = () => {
updateConfig(agc)
if (agc.checked) {
show(gainCeiling)
hide(agcGain)
} else {
hide(gainCeiling)
show(agcGain)
}
}
// Exposure
const aec = document.getElementById('aec')
const exposure = document.getElementById('aec_value-group')
aec.onchange = () => {
updateConfig(aec)
aec.checked ? hide(exposure) : show(exposure)
}
// AWB
const awb = document.getElementById('awb_gain')
const wb = document.getElementById('wb_mode-group')
awb.onchange = () => {
updateConfig(awb)
awb.checked ? show(wb) : hide(wb)
}
// Detection and framesize
const detect = document.getElementById('face_detect')
const recognize = document.getElementById('face_recognize')
const framesize = document.getElementById('framesize')
framesize.onchange = () => {
updateConfig(framesize)
if (framesize.value > 5) {
updateValue(detect, false)
updateValue(recognize, false)
}
}
detect.onchange = () => {
if (framesize.value > 5) {
alert("Please select CIF or lower resolution before enabling this feature!");
updateValue(detect, false)
return;
}
updateConfig(detect)
if (!detect.checked) {
disable(enrollButton)
updateValue(recognize, false)
}
}
recognize.onchange = () => {
if (framesize.value > 5) {
alert("Please select CIF or lower resolution before enabling this feature!");
updateValue(recognize, false)
return;
}
updateConfig(recognize)
if (recognize.checked) {
enable(enrollButton)
updateValue(detect, true)
} else {
disable(enrollButton)
}
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
这里整个Web页面主要集中于设置各种控制配置以及展示图片流，也就是该图片展示效果
最终我们只需要关注几行代码：
${baseHost}/control?var=${el.id}&val=${value}${streamUrl}/stream${baseHost}/capture?_cb=${Date.now()}${baseHost}/status${baseHost}/control?var=${el.id}&val=${value}
这几个就对应着HTTP请求也就是各个handler的操作内容
2.3.3.2 status_handler —— 处理 http://{ip}:{port}/status
源码+注释：
// 获取当前摄像头模块的详细信息
static esp_err_t status_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
static char json_response[1024];
sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
char * p = json_response;
*p++ = '{';
// 图像帧大小
p+=sprintf(p, "\"framesize\":%u,", s->status.framesize);
// 图片压缩质量
p+=sprintf(p, "\"quality\":%u,", s->status.quality);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"brightness\":%d,", s->status.brightness);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"contrast\":%d,", s->status.contrast);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"saturation\":%d,", s->status.saturation);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"sharpness\":%d,", s->status.sharpness);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"special_effect\":%u,", s->status.special_effect);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"wb_mode\":%u,", s->status.wb_mode);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"awb\":%u,", s->status.awb);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"awb_gain\":%u,", s->status.awb_gain);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"aec\":%u,", s->status.aec);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"aec2\":%u,", s->status.aec2);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"ae_level\":%d,", s->status.ae_level);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"aec_value\":%u,", s->status.aec_value);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"agc\":%u,", s->status.agc);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"agc_gain\":%u,", s->status.agc_gain);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"gainceiling\":%u,", s->status.gainceiling);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"bpc\":%u,", s->status.bpc);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"wpc\":%u,", s->status.wpc);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"raw_gma\":%u,", s->status.raw_gma);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"lenc\":%u,", s->status.lenc);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"vflip\":%u,", s->status.vflip);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"hmirror\":%u,", s->status.hmirror);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"dcw\":%u,", s->status.dcw);
p+=sprintf(p, "\"colorbar\":%u,", s->status.colorbar);
// 人脸检测
p+=sprintf(p, "\"face_detect\":%u,", detection_enabled);
// 人脸采集
p+=sprintf(p, "\"face_enroll\":%u,", is_enrolling);
// 人脸检测
p+=sprintf(p, "\"face_recognize\":%u", recognition_enabled);
*p++ = '}';
*p++ = 0;
httpd_resp_set_type(req, "application/json");
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
return httpd_resp_send(req, json_response, strlen(json_response));
}
主要是把当前摄像头传感器的各个配置内容返回给到Web，包括人脸识别、增益曝光等等。
2.3.3.3 cmd_handler —— 处理 http://{ip}:{port}/capture
源码+注释：
// 各种设置摄像头模块功能
static esp_err_t cmd_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
char* buf;
size_t buf_len;
char variable[32] = {0,};
char value[32] = {0,};
buf_len = httpd_req_get_url_query_len(req) + 1;
if (buf_len > 1) {
buf = (char*)malloc(buf_len);
if(!buf){
httpd_resp_send_500(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
if (httpd_req_get_url_query_str(req, buf, buf_len) == ESP_OK) {
if (httpd_query_key_value(buf, "var", variable, sizeof(variable)) == ESP_OK &&
httpd_query_key_value(buf, "val", value, sizeof(value)) == ESP_OK) {
} else {
free(buf);
httpd_resp_send_404(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
} else {
free(buf);
httpd_resp_send_404(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
free(buf);
} else {
httpd_resp_send_404(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
int val = atoi(value);
sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
int res = 0;
if(!strcmp(variable, "framesize")) {
if(s->pixformat == PIXFORMAT_JPEG) res = s->set_framesize(s, (framesize_t)val);
}
else if(!strcmp(variable, "quality")) res = s->set_quality(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "contrast")) res = s->set_contrast(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "brightness")) res = s->set_brightness(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "saturation")) res = s->set_saturation(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "gainceiling")) res = s->set_gainceiling(s, (gainceiling_t)val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "colorbar")) res = s->set_colorbar(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "awb")) res = s->set_whitebal(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "agc")) res = s->set_gain_ctrl(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "aec")) res = s->set_exposure_ctrl(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "hmirror")) res = s->set_hmirror(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "vflip")) res = s->set_vflip(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "awb_gain")) res = s->set_awb_gain(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "agc_gain")) res = s->set_agc_gain(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "aec_value")) res = s->set_aec_value(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "aec2")) res = s->set_aec2(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "dcw")) res = s->set_dcw(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "bpc")) res = s->set_bpc(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "wpc")) res = s->set_wpc(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "raw_gma")) res = s->set_raw_gma(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "lenc")) res = s->set_lenc(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "special_effect")) res = s->set_special_effect(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "wb_mode")) res = s->set_wb_mode(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "ae_level")) res = s->set_ae_level(s, val);
else if(!strcmp(variable, "face_detect")) {
detection_enabled = val;
if(!detection_enabled) {
recognition_enabled = 0;
}
}
else if(!strcmp(variable, "face_enroll")) is_enrolling = val;
else if(!strcmp(variable, "face_recognize")) {
recognition_enabled = val;
if(recognition_enabled){
detection_enabled = val;
}
}
else {
res = -1;
}
if(res){
return httpd_resp_send_500(req);
}
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
return httpd_resp_send(req, NULL, 0);
}
这个方法的属性跟 status_handler 其实就是一套东西。。。.。
2.3.3.4 capture_handler —— 处理 http://{ip}:{port}/capture，拍照
源码+注释：
static esp_err_t capture_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
camera_fb_t * fb = NULL;
esp_err_t res = ESP_OK;
int64_t fr_start = esp_timer_get_time();
// 获取一帧图片内容
fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
if (!fb) {
Serial.println("Camera capture failed");
httpd_resp_send_500(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
// 构造响应内容，格式是图片格式 jpeg
httpd_resp_set_type(req, "image/jpeg");
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=capture.jpg");
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
size_t out_len, out_width, out_height;
uint8_t * out_buf;
bool s;
bool detected = false;
int face_id = 0;
// 没有开启人脸检测
if(!detection_enabled || fb->width > 400){
size_t fb_len = 0;
// 图片就是JPEG格式
if(fb->format == PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
fb_len = fb->len;
res = httpd_resp_send(req, (const char *)fb->buf, fb->len);
} else {
// 转成JPEG格式
jpg_chunking_t jchunk = {req, 0};
res = frame2jpg_cb(fb, 80, jpg_encode_stream, &jchunk)?ESP_OK:ESP_FAIL;
httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, NULL, 0);
fb_len = jchunk.len;
}
// 复用数组
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
int64_t fr_end = esp_timer_get_time();
Serial.printf("JPG: %uB %ums\n", (uint32_t)(fb_len), (uint32_t)((fr_end - fr_start)/1000));
return res;
}
dl_matrix3du_t *image_matrix = dl_matrix3du_alloc(1, fb->width, fb->height, 3);
if (!image_matrix) {
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
Serial.println("dl_matrix3du_alloc failed");
httpd_resp_send_500(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
out_buf = image_matrix->item;
out_len = fb->width * fb->height * 3;
out_width = fb->width;
out_height = fb->height;
s = fmt2rgb888(fb->buf, fb->len, fb->format, out_buf);
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
if(!s){
dl_matrix3du_free(image_matrix);
Serial.println("to rgb888 failed");
httpd_resp_send_500(req);
return ESP_FAIL;
}
// 人脸检测
box_array_t *net_boxes = face_detect(image_matrix, &mtmn_config);
if (net_boxes){
detected = true;
if(recognition_enabled){
// 人脸识别
face_id = run_face_recognition(image_matrix, net_boxes);
}
// 绘制人脸框框
draw_face_boxes(image_matrix, net_boxes, face_id);
free(net_boxes->score);
free(net_boxes->box);
free(net_boxes->landmark);
free(net_boxes);
}
jpg_chunking_t jchunk = {req, 0};
s = fmt2jpg_cb(out_buf, out_len, out_width, out_height, PIXFORMAT_RGB888, 90, jpg_encode_stream, &jchunk);
dl_matrix3du_free(image_matrix);
if(!s){
Serial.println("JPEG compression failed");
return ESP_FAIL;
}
int64_t fr_end = esp_timer_get_time();
Serial.printf("FACE: %uB %ums %s%d\n", (uint32_t)(jchunk.len), (uint32_t)((fr_end - fr_start)/1000), detected?"DETECTED ":"", face_id);
return res;
}
2.3.3.5 stream_handler —— 处理 http://{ip}:{port}/stream，图片视频流
// 图片流处理
static esp_err_t stream_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
camera_fb_t * fb = NULL;
esp_err_t res = ESP_OK;
size_t _jpg_buf_len = 0;
uint8_t * _jpg_buf = NULL;
char * part_buf[64];
dl_matrix3du_t *image_matrix = NULL;
bool detected = false;
int face_id = 0;
int64_t fr_start = 0;
int64_t fr_ready = 0;
int64_t fr_face = 0;
int64_t fr_recognize = 0;
int64_t fr_encode = 0;
static int64_t last_frame = 0;
if(!last_frame) {
last_frame = esp_timer_get_time();
}
res = httpd_resp_set_type(req, _STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE);
if(res != ESP_OK){
return res;
}
httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
while(true){
detected = false;
face_id = 0;
fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
if (!fb) {
Serial.println("Camera capture failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
} else {
fr_start = esp_timer_get_time();
fr_ready = fr_start;
fr_face = fr_start;
fr_encode = fr_start;
fr_recognize = fr_start;
if(!detection_enabled || fb->width > 400){
if(fb->format != PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
bool jpeg_converted = frame2jpg(fb, 80, &_jpg_buf, &_jpg_buf_len);
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
fb = NULL;
if(!jpeg_converted){
Serial.println("JPEG compression failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
}
} else {
_jpg_buf_len = fb->len;
_jpg_buf = fb->buf;
}
} else {
image_matrix = dl_matrix3du_alloc(1, fb->width, fb->height, 3);
if (!image_matrix) {
Serial.println("dl_matrix3du_alloc failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
} else {
if(!fmt2rgb888(fb->buf, fb->len, fb->format, image_matrix->item)){
Serial.println("fmt2rgb888 failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
} else {
fr_ready = esp_timer_get_time();
box_array_t *net_boxes = NULL;
if(detection_enabled){
net_boxes = face_detect(image_matrix, &mtmn_config);
}
fr_face = esp_timer_get_time();
fr_recognize = fr_face;
if (net_boxes || fb->format != PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
if(net_boxes){
detected = true;
if(recognition_enabled){
face_id = run_face_recognition(image_matrix, net_boxes);
}
fr_recognize = esp_timer_get_time();
draw_face_boxes(image_matrix, net_boxes, face_id);
free(net_boxes->score);
free(net_boxes->box);
free(net_boxes->landmark);
free(net_boxes);
}
if(!fmt2jpg(image_matrix->item, fb->width*fb->height*3, fb->width, fb->height, PIXFORMAT_RGB888, 90, &_jpg_buf, &_jpg_buf_len)){
Serial.println("fmt2jpg failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
}
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
fb = NULL;
} else {
_jpg_buf = fb->buf;
_jpg_buf_len = fb->len;
}
fr_encode = esp_timer_get_time();
}
dl_matrix3du_free(image_matrix);
}
}
}
if(res == ESP_OK){
res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, _STREAM_BOUNDARY, strlen(_STREAM_BOUNDARY));
}
if(res == ESP_OK){
size_t hlen = snprintf((char *)part_buf, 64, _STREAM_PART, _jpg_buf_len);
res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)part_buf, hlen);
}
if(res == ESP_OK){
res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)_jpg_buf, _jpg_buf_len);
}
if(fb){
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
fb = NULL;
_jpg_buf = NULL;
} else if(_jpg_buf){
free(_jpg_buf);
_jpg_buf = NULL;
}
if(res != ESP_OK){
break;
}
int64_t fr_end = esp_timer_get_time();
int64_t ready_time = (fr_ready - fr_start)/1000;
int64_t face_time = (fr_face - fr_ready)/1000;
int64_t recognize_time = (fr_recognize - fr_face)/1000;
int64_t encode_time = (fr_encode - fr_recognize)/1000;
int64_t process_time = (fr_encode - fr_start)/1000;
int64_t frame_time = fr_end - last_frame;
last_frame = fr_end;
frame_time /= 1000;
uint32_t avg_frame_time = ra_filter_run(&ra_filter, frame_time);
Serial.printf("MJPG: %uB %ums (%.1ffps), AVG: %ums (%.1ffps), %u+%u+%u+%u=%u %s%d\n",
(uint32_t)(_jpg_buf_len),
(uint32_t)frame_time, 1000.0 / (uint32_t)frame_time,
avg_frame_time, 1000.0 / avg_frame_time,
(uint32_t)ready_time, (uint32_t)face_time, (uint32_t)recognize_time, (uint32_t)encode_time, (uint32_t)process_time,
(detected)?"DETECTED ":"", face_id
);
}
last_frame = 0;
return res;
}
这里使用到一个HTTP知识点，
// 重点在于http 协议：multipart/x-mixed-replace #define PART_BOUNDARY "123456789000000000000987654321" static const char* _STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE = "multipart/x-mixed-replace;boundary=" PART_BOUNDARY; static const char* _STREAM_BOUNDARY = "\r\n--" PART_BOUNDARY "\r\n"; static const char* _STREAM_PART = "Content-Type: image/jpeg\r\nContent-Length: %u\r\n\r\n";
- 对于服务器推送，使用一个“multipart/mixed”类型的变种–
multipart/x-mixed-replace。这里，“x-”表示属于实验类型。“replace”表示每一个新数据块都会代替前一个数据块。也就是说，新数据不是附加到旧数据之后，而是替代它。- 在服务器推送技术中，“multipart/x-mixed-replace”类型的报文由唯一的边界线组成，这些边界线分割每个数据块。每个数据块都有自己的头标，因而能够指定对象相关的内容类型和其他信息。由于“multipart/x-mixed-replace”的特性是每一新数据块取代前一数据对象，因而浏览器中总是显示最新的数据对象。
“multipart/x-mixed-replace”报文没有结尾。也就是说，服务器可以永远保持连接，并发送所需的数据。如果用户不再在浏览器窗口中显示数据流，或者浏览器到服务器间的连接中间（例如用户按“STOP”按钮），服务器的推送才会中断。这是人们使用服务器推送的典型方式。
这里就是核心的东西。
基本上到这一步，大概的讲解就结束了，这里也只是抛砖引玉，更多细节还需要大家自行学习，特别OpenMv。
这篇关于Arduino ESP32-CAM 学习之旅③ 简单剖析官方案例源码，揭开ESP32-CAM神秘面纱的文章就介绍到这儿，希望我们推荐的文章对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持为之网！
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