CentOS 7 RPM 离线安装 MySQL 8
2021/6/14 19:21:09
本文主要是介绍CentOS 7 RPM 离线安装 MySQL 8，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
1. 前往 MySQL 官网 下载 Bundle tar 包
2. 解压 tar 包，得到以下文件
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 47810444 4月 26 15:36 mysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 193616 4月 26 15:36 mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 628904 4月 26 15:36 mysql-community-common-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 6800820 4月 26 15:36 mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 23586756 4月 26 15:37 mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 4240320 4月 26 15:37 mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 1262876 4月 26 15:37 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 448614076 4月 26 15:38 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 260841936 4月 26 15:40 mysql-community-test-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
3. 卸载系统自带的 MariaDB
rpm -qa | grep mariadb rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
4. 按照以下顺序安装 MySQL8
1. rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 2. rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 3. rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 4. rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 5. rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 6. rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
4.1 安装 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的时候需要依赖 net-tools，如果没有 net-tools 会安装失败，此时先安装 net-tools，然后再安装 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 即可
# 安装 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 依赖报错 [root@sangni mysql-installation]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 警告：mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 错误：依赖检测失败： net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64 需要 # 安装 net-tools [root@sangni mysql-installation]# yum install net-tools 已加载插件：fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn 正在解决依赖关系 --> 正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 net-tools.x86_64.0.2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 将被 安装 --> 解决依赖关系完成 依赖关系解决 ================================================================================================================================== Package 架构 版本 源 大小 ================================================================================================================================== 正在安装: net-tools x86_64 2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 base 306 k 事务概要 ================================================================================================================================== 安装 1 软件包 总下载量：306 k 安装大小：917 k Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm | 306 kB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction 警告：RPM 数据库已被非 yum 程序修改。 ** 发现 2 个已存在的 RPM 数据库问题， 'yum check' 输出如下： 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 有缺少的需求 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 有缺少的需求 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) 正在安装 : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 1/1 验证中 : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 1/1 已安装: net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 完毕！ # net-tools 安装完成后再次安装 mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm [root@sangni mysql-installation]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 警告：mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 准备中... ################################# [100%] 正在升级/安装... 1:mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.e################################# [100%]
4.2 安装 mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的时候需要依赖 pkgconfig(openssl)，如果报错则同样先安装 openssl-devel 即可
# 安装 mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 依赖报错 [root@sangni mysql-installation]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 警告：mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 错误：依赖检测失败： pkgconfig(openssl) 被 mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64 需要 # 安装 openssl-devel [root@sangni mysql-installation]# yum install openssl-devel 已加载插件：fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn 正在解决依赖关系 --> 正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 openssl-devel.x86_64.1.1.0.2k-21.el7_9 将被 安装 --> 正在处理依赖关系 zlib-devel(x86-64)，它被软件包 1:openssl-devel-1.0.2k-21.el7_9.x86_64 需要 --> 正在处理依赖关系 krb5-devel(x86-64)，它被软件包 1:openssl-devel-1.0.2k-21.el7_9.x86_64 需要 --> 正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 krb5-devel.x86_64.0.1.15.1-50.el7 将被 安装 --> 正在处理依赖关系 libkadm5(x86-64) = 1.15.1-50.el7，它被软件包 krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在处理依赖关系 libverto-devel，它被软件包 krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在处理依赖关系 libselinux-devel，它被软件包 krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在处理依赖关系 libcom_err-devel，它被软件包 krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在处理依赖关系 keyutils-libs-devel，它被软件包 krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 需要 ---> 软件包 zlib-devel.x86_64.0.1.2.7-19.el7_9 将被 安装 --> 正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 keyutils-libs-devel.x86_64.0.1.5.8-3.el7 将被 安装 ---> 软件包 libcom_err-devel.x86_64.0.1.42.9-19.el7 将被 安装 ---> 软件包 libkadm5.x86_64.0.1.15.1-50.el7 将被 安装 ---> 软件包 libselinux-devel.x86_64.0.2.5-15.el7 将被 安装 --> 正在处理依赖关系 libsepol-devel(x86-64) >= 2.5-10，它被软件包 libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在处理依赖关系 pkgconfig(libsepol)，它被软件包 libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在处理依赖关系 pkgconfig(libpcre)，它被软件包 libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64 需要 ---> 软件包 libverto-devel.x86_64.0.0.2.5-4.el7 将被 安装 --> 正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 libsepol-devel.x86_64.0.2.5-10.el7 将被 安装 ---> 软件包 pcre-devel.x86_64.0.8.32-17.el7 将被 安装 --> 解决依赖关系完成 依赖关系解决 ================================================================================================================================== Package 架构 版本 源 大小 ================================================================================================================================== 正在安装: openssl-devel x86_64 1:1.0.2k-21.el7_9 updates 1.5 M 为依赖而安装: keyutils-libs-devel x86_64 1.5.8-3.el7 base 37 k krb5-devel x86_64 1.15.1-50.el7 base 273 k libcom_err-devel x86_64 1.42.9-19.el7 base 32 k libkadm5 x86_64 1.15.1-50.el7 base 179 k libselinux-devel x86_64 2.5-15.el7 base 187 k libsepol-devel x86_64 2.5-10.el7 base 77 k libverto-devel x86_64 0.2.5-4.el7 base 12 k pcre-devel x86_64 8.32-17.el7 base 480 k zlib-devel x86_64 1.2.7-19.el7_9 updates 50 k 事务概要 ================================================================================================================================== 安装 1 软件包 (+9 依赖软件包) 总下载量：2.8 M 安装大小：6.0 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: (1/10): libcom_err-devel-1.42.9-19.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00 (2/10): keyutils-libs-devel-1.5.8-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 37 kB 00:00:00 (3/10): krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64.rpm | 273 kB 00:00:00 (4/10): libkadm5-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64.rpm | 179 kB 00:00:00 (5/10): libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64.rpm | 187 kB 00:00:00 (6/10): libverto-devel-0.2.5-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 12 kB 00:00:00 (7/10): libsepol-devel-2.5-10.el7.x86_64.rpm | 77 kB 00:00:00 (8/10): zlib-devel-1.2.7-19.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 50 kB 00:00:00 (9/10): openssl-devel-1.0.2k-21.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 1.5 MB 00:00:00 (10/10): pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64.rpm | 480 kB 00:00:00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 总计 2.0 MB/s | 2.8 MB 00:00:01 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction 正在安装 : libkadm5-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 1/10 正在安装 : libsepol-devel-2.5-10.el7.x86_64 2/10 正在安装 : libcom_err-devel-1.42.9-19.el7.x86_64 3/10 正在安装 : zlib-devel-1.2.7-19.el7_9.x86_64 4/10 正在安装 : pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64 5/10 正在安装 : libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64 6/10 正在安装 : keyutils-libs-devel-1.5.8-3.el7.x86_64 7/10 正在安装 : libverto-devel-0.2.5-4.el7.x86_64 8/10 正在安装 : krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 9/10 正在安装 : 1:openssl-devel-1.0.2k-21.el7_9.x86_64 10/10 验证中 : libselinux-devel-2.5-15.el7.x86_64 1/10 验证中 : 1:openssl-devel-1.0.2k-21.el7_9.x86_64 2/10 验证中 : libverto-devel-0.2.5-4.el7.x86_64 3/10 验证中 : krb5-devel-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 4/10 验证中 : keyutils-libs-devel-1.5.8-3.el7.x86_64 5/10 验证中 : pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64 6/10 验证中 : zlib-devel-1.2.7-19.el7_9.x86_64 7/10 验证中 : libcom_err-devel-1.42.9-19.el7.x86_64 8/10 验证中 : libsepol-devel-2.5-10.el7.x86_64 9/10 验证中 : libkadm5-1.15.1-50.el7.x86_64 10/10 已安装: openssl-devel.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-21.el7_9 作为依赖被安装: keyutils-libs-devel.x86_64 0:1.5.8-3.el7 krb5-devel.x86_64 0:1.15.1-50.el7 libcom_err-devel.x86_64 0:1.42.9-19.el7 libkadm5.x86_64 0:1.15.1-50.el7 libselinux-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-15.el7 libsepol-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-10.el7 libverto-devel.x86_64 0:0.2.5-4.el7 pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-17.el7 zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.7-19.el7_9 完毕！ # 再次安装 mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm [root@sangni mysql-installation]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 警告：mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 准备中... ################################# [100%] 正在升级/安装... 1:mysql-community-devel-8.0.25-1.el################################# [100%]
5. 启动 MySQL 服务
# 启动 MySQL 服务
[root@sangni mysql-installation]# service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
# 查看启动状态
[root@sangni mysql-installation]# service status mysqld
The service command supports only basic LSB actions (start, stop, restart, try-restart, reload, force-reload, status). For other actions, please try to use systemctl.
[root@sangni mysql-installation]# service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 一 2021-06-14 13:50:41 CST; 29s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 7989 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 8070 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─8070 /usr/sbin/mysqld
6月 14 13:50:31 sangni systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
6月 14 13:50:41 sangni systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
6. 修改默认密码开启远程连接
# 查看默认密码 [root@sangni ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 2021-06-14T05:50:35.796216Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wfz2/(r6oiwM # 使用默认密码登陆 MySQL [root@sangni log]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.25 Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. # 没有修改默认密码无法执行任何操作，会报错提示需要修改密码 mysql> select version(); ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement. # 修改 root 用户密码 mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xxxx'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) # 查看 MySQL 版本 mysql> select version(); +-----------+ | version() | +-----------+ | 8.0.25 | +-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) # 使用 MySQL Schema/Database mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed # 修改 root 用户的 host 列值，开启远程连接 mysql> update user set host='%' where user ='root'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 # 刷新缓存 mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) # 给 root 用户授予所有权限 mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'WITH GRANT OPTION; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
7. 搞定收工，饮茶先啦！
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