本文主要是介绍Centos8安装Docker，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

1、安装准备

如果有安装过docker，先卸载旧版本，命令如下：

sudo yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine

2、安装

这里使用Docker仓库的方式安装

2.1、设置仓库

安装yum-utils包（提供yum-config-manager）并设置docker仓库，并且 device mapper 存储驱动程序需要 device-mapper-persistent-data 和 lvm2

使用官方仓库地址（比较慢）

sudo yum install -y yum-utils \
device-mapper-persistent-data \
lvm2
sudo yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

可以选择国内的一些仓库地址

阿里云

sudo yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

清华大学

sudo yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

2.2 安装Docker Engine

安装最新版本的Docker Engine和 containerd

sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

如果出现以下错误：

Error: 
 Problem 1: problem with installed package podman-1.4.2-5.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package podman-1.4.2-5.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64 requires runc, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package podman-3.0.1-6.module_el8.4.0+781+acf4c33b.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-57, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package podman-3.0.1-7.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-57, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - cannot install the best candidate for the job
  - package runc-1.0.0-56.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.3.0+569+1bada2e4.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-64.rc10.module_el8.4.0+522+66908d0c.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-65.rc10.module_el8.4.0+819+4afbd1d6.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+786+4668b267.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-71.rc92.module_el8.4.0+833+9763146c.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
 Problem 2: problem with installed package cockpit-podman-4-1.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.noarch
  - package cockpit-podman-4-1.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.noarch requires podman >= 1.2.0, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package cockpit-podman-29-2.module_el8.4.0+781+acf4c33b.noarch requires podman >= 1.3.0, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package podman-3.0.1-6.module_el8.4.0+781+acf4c33b.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-57, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package docker-ce-3:20.10.7-3.el8.x86_64 requires containerd.io >= 1.4.1, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.2.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - cannot install the best candidate for the job
  - package runc-1.0.0-64.rc10.module_el8.4.0+522+66908d0c.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-65.rc10.module_el8.4.0+819+4afbd1d6.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+786+4668b267.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-71.rc92.module_el8.4.0+833+9763146c.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.4-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.6-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package podman-3.0.1-7.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-57, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package podman-1.4.2-5.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64 requires runc, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package runc-1.0.0-56.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.3.0+569+1bada2e4.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package podman-1.6.4-26.module_el8.4.0+793+f0dfa22d.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package podman-3.0.1-6.module_el8.4.0+786+4668b267.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering

查看是否安装了Podman

rpm -q podman
结果：
--podman-1.4.2-5.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64

已经安装了podman，删除Podman

dnf remove podman

再执行安装命令，发现还报如下错误：

Error: 
 Problem: problem with installed package buildah-1.9.0-5.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package buildah-1.9.0-5.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-26, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package buildah-1.19.7-1.module_el8.4.0+781+acf4c33b.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-26, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package buildah-1.19.7-2.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-26, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+673+eabfc99d.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-73.rc93.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64
  - cannot install the best candidate for the job
  - package runc-1.0.0-56.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.3.0+569+1bada2e4.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-64.rc10.module_el8.4.0+522+66908d0c.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-65.rc10.module_el8.4.0+819+4afbd1d6.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-70.rc92.module_el8.4.0+786+4668b267.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-71.rc92.module_el8.4.0+833+9763146c.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering

同样使用上面检查podman的方式处理，然后再执行安装命令，就可以了，然后跟着提示操作就行。
安装成功最后会提示如下：

Installed:
  container-selinux-2:2.162.0-1.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.noarch    containerd.io-1.4.8-3.1.el8.x86_64       docker-ce-3:20.10.7-3.el8.x86_64    docker-ce-cli-1:20.10.7-3.el8.x86_64                        
  docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.7-3.el8.x86_64                      docker-scan-plugin-0.8.0-3.el8.x86_64    fuse-common-3.2.1-12.el8.x86_64     fuse-overlayfs-1.4.0-3.module_el8.4.0+830+8027e1c4.x86_64   
  fuse3-3.2.1-12.el8.x86_64                                           fuse3-libs-3.2.1-12.el8.x86_64           libcgroup-0.41-19.el8.x86_64        libslirp-4.3.1-1.module_el8.4.0+575+63b40ad7.x86_64         
  slirp4netns-1.1.8-1.module_el8.4.0+641+6116a774.x86_64 

2.3、查看Docker其他版本

如果不想安装最新的版本，可以使用如下命令，查看其他版本。

yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r

Installed Packages
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.7-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.7-3.el8                 @docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.6-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.5-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.4-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.3-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.2-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.1-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:20.10.0-3.el8                 docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:19.03.15-3.el8                docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:19.03.14-3.el8                docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64               3:19.03.13-3.el8                docker-ce-stable

通过其完整的软件包名称安装特定版本，该软件包名称是软件包名称（docker-ce）加上版本字符串（第二列），从第一个冒号（:）一直到第一个连字符，并用连字符（-）分隔。例如：docker-ce-19.03.13。

sudo yum install docker-ce-<VERSION_STRING> docker-ce-cli-<VERSION_STRING> containerd.io
例如：
sudo yum install docker-ce-19.03.13 docker-ce-cli-19.03.13 containerd.io

2.4、启动Docker

sudo systemctl start docker

2.5、测试Docker安装情况

通过运行hello-world镜像验证Docker Engine是否安装成功

sudo docker run hello-world

看到如下信息，则代表Docker已经安装成功。

Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
b8dfde127a29: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:df5f5184104426b65967e016ff2ac0bfcd44ad7899ca3bbcf8e44e4461491a9e
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

从以上信息可以看出，Docker先在本地查看是否有hello-world镜像，如果没有就到远程仓库获取，可以运行如下命令，查看镜像。

docker images
结果：
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
hello-world   latest    d1165f221234   4 months ago   13.3kB

可以看出，已经从远程仓库拉取到hello-world镜像到本地了。

3、设置开机启动Docker

sudo systemctl enable docker.service
sudo systemctl enable containerd.service

禁用开机启动将enable改为disabled。

4、卸载Docker

删除安装包

sudo yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

删除镜像容器、配置文件等内容

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/containerd

这篇关于Centos8安装Docker的文章就介绍到这儿，希望我们推荐的文章对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持为之网！