Dockerfile
2021/8/20 23:10:28
本文主要是介绍Dockerfile，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
Dockerfile规则
格式：
1.#为注释 2.指令（大写）内容（小写） 3.尽管指令是大小写不敏感的，但是，我们强烈建议指令用大写，内容用小写表示。 Dockerfile是按顺序执行Dockerfile里的指令集合的（从上到下依次执行） 每个Dockerfile的第一个非注释行指令，必须是 “FROM” 指令，用于为镜像文件构建过程中，指定基准镜像，后续的指令运行于此基准镜像所提供的运行环境中 实践中，基准镜像可以是任何可用镜像文件，默认情况下，docker build 会在docker主机（本地）上查找指定的镜像文件，当其在本地不存在时，则会从Docker registry（远端）上拉取所需镜像文件。 4组核心的Dockerfile指令
USER，WORKDIR
[root@localhost ~]# vim /data/dockerfile/Dockerfile FROM docker.io/llxuan518/nginx:v1.16.6 USER nginx WORKDIR /usr/share/nginx/html
测试
[root@localhost ~]# cd /data/dockerfile/ [root@localhost dockerfile]# docker build . -t docker.io/llxuan518/nginx:v1.16.6_user_workdir [root@localhost dockerfile]# docker run --rm -it --name nginx123 llxuan518/nginx:v1.16.6_user_workdir /bin/bash nginx@fbd87fe92f54:/usr/share/nginx/html$ pwd /usr/share/nginx/html
ADD，EXPOSE（ EXPOSE 向外暴露端口只是声明而已）
说明：
ADD：比COPY命令多的功能是，可以自动解压 .tar*的软件包到目标目录下，可以指定源文件为URL地址。
COPY：从Dockerfile所在目录拷贝目标文件到容器的制定目录下，可以支持通配符，如果拷贝的是目录，只拷贝目录下的子文件子目录。
[root@localhost dockerfile]# vim Dockerfile FROM docker.io/llxuan518/nginx:v1.16.6 ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html EXPOSE 80
测试
[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker build ./ -t llxuan518/nginx:v1.16.6_user_index [root@localhost dockerfile]# docker run --rm -it --name nginx2333 -P llxuan518/nginx:v1.16.6_user_index /bin/bash
RUN，ENV（ RUN 构建镜像过程中运行的命令，ENV 设定环境变量）
ENV功能为设置环境变量
语法有两种
- ENV
- ENV
= ...
两者的区别就是第一种是一次设置一个，第二种是一次设置多个
[root@localhost dockerfile]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 ENV VER 9.11.4 RUN yum install bind-$VER -y
查看bind版本号
[root@localhost dockerfile]# yum list bind --show-duplicates
测试
[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker build ./ -t llxuan518/bind:v9.11.4_env [root@localhost dockerfile]# docker run -it --rm --name bind_env llxuan518/bind:v9.11.4_env /bin/bash
CMD，ENTRYPOINT（ CMD 使用镜像启动容器时运行的命令）
[root@localhost dockerfile]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 RUN yum install httpd -y CMD ["httpd","-D","FOREGROUND"]
构建测试
[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker build ./ -t llxuan518/httpd:test
后台运行
[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker run --rm -d --name my-http llxuan518/httpd:test
ENTRYPOINT
[root@localhost dockerfile]# vim entrypoint.sh #!/bin/bash /shin/nginx -g "daemon off;" [root@localhost dockerfile]# chmod +x entrypoint.sh [root@localhost dockerfile]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 ADD entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh RUN yum install epel-release -q -y && yum install nginx -y ENTRYPOINT /entrypoint.sh
测试
[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker build ./ -t llxuan518/nginx:mynginx 它不用-d后台，因为它脚本已经定义，只能前台挂着 [root@localhost dockerfile]# docker run --rm -p87:80 llxuan518/nginx:mynginx
VOLUME ["/var/www/html","data/mysql/data"] 数据卷？？
范例：编译安装nginx
[root@long docker]# pwd /opt/docker [root@long docker]# ll 总共是4个文件 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 890 Jul 15 02:17 Dockerfile -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 24 Jul 14 13:06 index.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1039530 Apr 21 2020 nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2659 Jul 15 01:32 nginx.conf
Dockerfile配置文件（文件不能有中文注释）
[root@long docker]# cat Dockerfile
#Nginx Base Image
FROM centos:7.9.2009
LABEL maintainer="lvxuan xxx@qq.com"
LABEL project="N520"
ENV password="123456"
ENV user="long"
ENV VER=1.18.0
ENV SRC=/usr/local/src
#ENV CPU="$(lscpu | awk '/^CPU\(s\):/{print $NF}')"
ENV CPU=2
ENV GROUP=80
ENV USER=80
ENV PORT=80
RUN groupadd -g ${GROUP} nginx && useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r -g ${GROUP} -u ${USER} nginx
RUN yum install vim -y && yum install -y vim wget tree lrzsz gcc gcc-c++ automake pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel iproute net-tools iotop
ADD nginx-${VER}.tar.gz ${SRC}
RUN cd ${SRC}/nginx-${VER} && ./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx && make -j ${CPU} && make install
COPY nginx.conf /apps/nginx/conf/
ADD index.html /apps/nginx/html/index.html
VOLUME ["/static","/data1","/data2"]
RUN chown -R nginx.nginx /apps/
EXPOSE ${PORT}
#ENTRYPOINT ["/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]
CMD ["/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]
执行构建
[root@long docker]# docker build -t harbor.test.com/centos7:v1 .
基于构建的镜像后台启动容器
[root@long docker]# docker run -itd -p 81:80 --name nginx-v3 harbor.test.com/centos7:v1
案例：自定义Tomcat业务镜像
容器里面jdk的/etc/profile文件的环境是给普通用户使用的
镜像叠加形成
先做出CentOS系统base基础镜像
[root@long-ubuntu centos-7.9]# mkdir -p /opt/dockerfile/{web/{nginx,tomcat,jdk,apache},system/{centos,ubuntu,redhat}}
制作Tomcat镜像叠加形成图形
创建目录
[root@long-ubuntu centos-7.9]# mkdir centos-7.9 [root@long-ubuntu centos-7.9]# pwd /opt/dockerfile/system/centos/centos-7.9 [root@long-ubuntu centos-7.9]# ll total 16 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49 Jul 16 13:29 build-command.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 275 Jul 16 13:28 Dockerfile
制作dockerfile
[root@long-ubuntu centos-7.9]# cat Dockerfile # Centos Base Image FROM centos:7.9.2009 LABEL maintainer="lvxuan xxx@qq.com" RUN yum install -y vim wget tree lrzsz gcc gcc-c++ automake pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel iproute net-tools iotop RUN groupadd long -g 2021 && useradd long -u 2021 -g long
写个构建脚本
[root@long-ubuntu centos-7.9]# cat build-command.sh #!/bin/bash docker build -t centos7.9-base:v1 .
执行
[root@long-ubuntu centos-7.9]# bash build-command.sh ... Step 4/4 : RUN groupadd long -g 2021 && useradd long -u 2021 -g long ---> Running in 79bcabe19504 Removing intermediate container 79bcabe19504 ---> 873548f656bc Successfully built 873548f656bc Successfully tagged centos7.9-base:v1
基于自己构建出来的CentOS系统镜像构建一个JDK
[root@long-ubuntu jdk]# ll total 141556 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 47 Jul 16 13:41 build-command.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 398 Jul 16 13:40 Dockerfile -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 144935989 Jul 16 13:40 jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz
制作dockerfile文件，记得上传jdk压缩包
写个构建脚本
[root@long-ubuntu jdk]# cat build-command.sh #!/bin/bash docker build -t jdk-base:v8.291 .
执行
[root@long-ubuntu jdk]# bash build-command.sh ... Removing intermediate container 0c00720745fe ---> ede217fbdd43 Successfully built ede217fbdd43 Successfully tagged jdk-base:v8.291
拷贝docker配置文件出来
root@long-ubuntu:~# docker cp 85e509e1976a:/etc/profile .
改配置文件
[root@long-ubuntu jdk]# vim profile # jdk export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/:$JRE_HOME/lib/ export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
修改dockerfile并重新构建
[root@long-ubuntu jdk]# cat Dockerfile #JDK Base Image FROM centos7.9-base:v1 LABEL maintainer="lvxuan xxx@qq.com" ADD jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/src/ RUN ln -sv /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_291 /usr/local/jdk ADD profile /etc/profile ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk ENV JRE_HOME $JAVA_HOME/jre ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/:$JRE_HOME/lib/ ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin RUN rm -rf /etc/localtime && ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
查看当前目录所有
[root@long-ubuntu jdk]# ll total 141560 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 47 Jul 16 13:41 build-command.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 423 Jul 16 14:04 Dockerfile -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 144935989 Jul 16 13:40 jdk-8u291-linux-x64.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 731 Jul 16 14:03 profile
执行
[root@long-ubuntu jdk]# bash build-command.sh ... Removing intermediate container 0c00720745fe ---> ede217fbdd43 Successfully built ede217fbdd43 Successfully tagged jdk-base:v8.291
测试验证（这才是正常普通用户也有java权限看到）
[root@long-ubuntu jdk]# docker run -it --rm jdk-base:v8.291 bash [root@e8074749c67e /]# java -version java version "1.8.0_291" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_291-b10) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.291-b10, mixed mode) [root@e8074749c67e /]# su - long [long@e8074749c67e ~]$ pwd /home/long [long@e8074749c67e ~]$ id uid=2021(long) gid=2021(long) groups=2021(long) [long@e8074749c67e ~]$ java -version java version "1.8.0_291" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_291-b10) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.291-b10, mixed mode)
基于上面的JDK基础镜像制作Tomcat-base基础镜像
base里所有的文件，记得上传Tomcat压缩包
[root@ubuntu-1804 tomcat8-base]# ll -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10312541 Jul 20 01:40 apache-tomcat-8.5.54.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 52 Jul 20 01:40 build-command.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 383 Jul 20 01:38 Dockerfile
写dockerfile文件
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-base]# vim Dockerfile
#Tomcat Base Image
FROM jdk-base:v8.291
LABEL maintainer="lvxuan xxx@qq.com"
#env
ENV TZ "Asia/Shanghai" ENV LANG en_US.UTF-8
ENV TERM xterm
ENV TOMCAT_MAJOR_VERSION 8
ENV TOMCAT_MINOR_VERSION 8.5.54
ENV CATALINA_HOME /apps/tomcat
ENV APP_DIR ${CATALINA_HOME}/webapps
#tomcat
RUN mkdir /apps
ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.54.tar.gz /apps
RUN ln -sv /apps/apache-tomcat-8.5.54 /apps/tomcat
写个构建脚本
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-base]# vim build-command.sh #!/bin/bash docker build -t tomcat-base:v8.5.54 .
执行
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-base]# bash build-command.sh ... Removing intermediate container 8cc5c96df0c7 ---> 7dc7e5874247 Successfully built 7dc7e5874247 Successfully tagged tomcat-base:v8.5.54
测试 启动并设置退出就删除
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-base]# docker run -it --rm -p 8080:8080 tomcat-base:v8.5.54 bash
容器启动后需要进入然后启动Tomcat
[root@98559cc53536 /]# /apps/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh run Using CATALINA_BASE: /apps/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /apps/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /apps/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk/jre
制作Tomcat业务镜像比如app1，app2
准备一个tar包或者说假设从开发哪里得到的tar包
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# pwd /opt/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-app1 [root@long-ubuntu tomcat]# mkdir tomcat-app1 [root@long-ubuntu tomcat]# cd tomcat-app1/ [root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# mkdir myapps [root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# echo "Tomcat Web1 Page" > myapps/index.html [root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# cat myapps/index.html Tomcat Web1 Page # 假设（自己制作压缩包） [root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# tar zcf myapps.tar.gz myapps/*
配置dockerfile文件
# 默认路径 [root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# cat Dockerfile #Tomcat Web Image FROM tomcat-base:v8.5.54 LABEL maintainer="lvxuan xxx@qq.com" ADD myapps/* /apps/tomcat/webapps/myapps/ RUN chown -R long.long /apps/tomcat/
写个构建脚本
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# vim build-command.sh #!/bin/bash # docker build -t tomcat-web:app1 .
执行
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# bash build-command.sh ... ---> ec9da7cf9d4d Successfully built ec9da7cf9d4d Successfully tagged tomcat-web:app1
所有
[root@ubuntu-1804 tomcat-app1]# ll -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 48 Jul 20 01:47 build-command.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 158 Jul 20 01:46 Dockerfile drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 20 01:45 myapp/ -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 146 Jul 20 01:46 myapp.tar.gz
测试
# 启动容器
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# docker run -it --rm -p 8080:8080 tomcat-web:app1 bash
# 进入容器启动Tomcat
[root@569f4535d70d /]# /apps/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh run
# false 是关闭自动解包自动部署
<Host name="localhost" appBase="/data/tomcat/webapps"
unpackWARs="false" autoDeploy="false">
拷贝容器配置文件出来并修改
root@long-ubuntu:~# docker cp 9c68593ce1bd:/apps/tomcat/conf/server.xml .
重新修改Dockerfile文件指向自定义路径
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# cat Dockerfile #Tomcat Web Image FROM tomcat-base:v8.5.54 LABEL maintainer="lvxuan xxx@qq.com" ADD run_tomcat.sh /apps/tomcat/bin ADD server.xml /apps/tomcat/conf/server.xml RUN mkdir -p /data/tomcat/webapps ADD myapps.tar.gz /data/tomcat/webapps/ RUN chown -R long.long /apps/tomcat/ /data/tomcat/webapps EXPOSE 8080 CMD ["/apps/tomcat/bin/run_tomcat.sh"]
准备tomcat容器启动执行脚本这样就不用Tomcat自带的启动命令了
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# cat run_tomcat.sh #!/bin/bash echo "1.1.1.1 abc.test.com" >> /etc/hosts # 不能在使用run，一定要使用start，如果使用run就会一直卡住，这样就不能达到想要的效果，比如有个pid为1的进程 su - long -c "/apps/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start" tail -f /etc/hosts
如果dockerfile文件有写启动脚本，用命令行启动就不要加bash直接启动即可
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app1]# docker run -it --rm -p 8080:8080 tomcat-web:app1 Using CATALINA_BASE: /apps/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /apps/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /apps/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk/jre Using CLASSPATH: /apps/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/apps/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Tomcat started. ... 172.17.0.2 387f94ddd9dc 1.1.1.1 abc.test.com
改装后的所有文件
[root@ubuntu-1804 tomcat-app1]# ll -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 48 Jul 20 01:47 build-command.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 343 Jul 20 01:54 Dockerfile drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 20 01:45 myapp/ -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 146 Jul 20 01:46 myapp.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 274 Jul 20 01:54 run_tomcat.sh -rw------- 1 root root 7603 Jul 20 01:53 server.xml
浏览器访问
制作第二个Tomcat-app2
可以直接拷贝方式
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat]# mkdir tomcat-app2 [root@long-ubuntu tomcat]# cp -r tomcat-app1/* tomcat-app2
修改脚本
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app2]# vim build-command.sh #!/bin/bash # docker build -t tomcat-web:app2 .
修改tar包里面的信息或者说这个tar是开发给的tar包
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app2]# mkdir myapps [root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app2]# echo "Tomcat Web2 Page" > myapps/index.html [root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app2]# cat myapps/index.html Tomcat Web2 Page # 打包 [root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app2]# tar zcvf myapps.tar.gz myapps myapps/ myapps/index.html
构建
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app2]# bash build-command.sh ... ---> 39134c7a2142 Successfully built 39134c7a2142 Successfully tagged tomcat-web:app2
测试
[root@long-ubuntu tomcat-app2]# docker run -it -p 8080:8080 tomcat-web:app2 Using CATALINA_BASE: /apps/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /apps/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /apps/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk/jre Using CLASSPATH: /apps/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/apps/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Tomcat started. ... 1.1.1.1 abc.test.com
所有的镜像
[root@long-ubuntu ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE tomcat-web app2 39134c7a2142 3 minutes ago 886MB tomcat-web app1 bfbb82aa0dfe 19 minutes ago 886MB tomcat-base v8.5.54 7dc7e5874247 13 hours ago 871MB jdk-base v8.291 da87eec5a41e 13 hours ago 857MB centos7.9-base v1 873548f656bc 13 hours ago 497MB centos 7.9.2009 8652b9f0cb4c 8 months ago 204MB
制作 HAproxy镜像
dockerfile镜像制作流程，先把lua和haproxy编译出来保证其能正常编译不报错在加其他参数
dockerfile配置文件
[root@long-ubuntu haproxy]# cat Dockerfile
#Haproxy Base Image
FROM centos7.9-base:v1
LABEL maintainer="lvxuan xxx@qq.com"
RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel pcre pcre-devel readline-devel openssl openssl-devel systemd-devel \
net-tools vim iotop bc zip unzip zlib-devel lrzsz tree screen lsof tcpdump wget ntpdate
ADD lua-5.3.5.tar.gz /usr/local/src
RUN cd /usr/local/src/lua-5.3.5 && make linux test
ADD haproxy-2.1.7.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
RUN cd /usr/local/src/haproxy-2.1.7 && make ARCH=x86_64 TARGET=linux-glibc \
USE_PCRE=1 USE_OPENSSL=1 USE_ZLIB=1 USE_SYSTEMD=1 \
USE_LUA=1 LUA_INC=/usr/local/src/lua-5.3.5/src/ LUA_LIB=/usr/local/src/lua-5.3.5/src/ && make install PREFIX=/apps/haproxy
RUN ln -s /apps/haproxy/sbin/haproxy /usr/sbin/haproxy
RUN mkdir /apps/haproxy/run
ADD haproxy.cfg /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
ADD run_haproxy.sh /usr/bin
EXPOSE 80 9999
CMD ["/usr/bin/run_haproxy.sh"]
启动脚本（haproxy -f 后面跟以cfg结尾的配置就可以启动）
[root@long-ubuntu haproxy]# cat run_haproxy.sh #!/bin/bash echo "1.1.1.1 aa.xx.com" >> /etc/hosts /apps/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg tail -f /etc/hosts
构建
[root@long-ubuntu haproxy]# cat build-command.sh #!/bin/bash # docker build -t haproxy-2.1.7-base:v1 .
执行
[root@long-ubuntu haproxy]# bash build-command.sh ... ---> 0f268f9b7022 Successfully built 0f268f9b7022 Successfully tagged haproxy-2.1.7-base:v1
所有文件如下
[root@long-ubuntu haproxy]# ll total 2972 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 54 Jul 17 08:36 build-command.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 883 Jul 17 08:33 Dockerfile -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2709999 Jul 17 07:52 haproxy-2.1.7.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 655 Jul 17 08:36 haproxy.cfg -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 303543 Jul 17 07:52 lua-5.3.5.tar.gz -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 126 Jul 17 08:32 run_haproxy.sh*
上传镜像到harbor仓库
[root@long-ubuntu haproxy]# docker tag haproxy-2.1.7-base:v1 harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/haproxy-2.1.7-base:v1 [root@long-ubuntu haproxy]# docker push harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/haproxy-2.1.7-base:v1
扩展 HAproxy + nginx + Tomcat
这个图缺个keepalived的虚拟VIP
nginx修改配置文件
[root@long-ubuntu nginx]# vim nginx.conf
upstream tomcat-server {
server 172.31.0.29:8080;
server 172.31.0.39:8080;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location /myapps {
proxy_pass http://tomcat-server;
}
haproxy修改配置文件
[root@long-ubuntu nginx]# cat ../haproxy/haproxy.cfg global chroot /apps/haproxy stats socket /apps/haproxy/run/haproxy.sock mode 600 level admin uid 99 gid 99 daemon nbproc 1 pidfile /apps/haproxy/run/haproxy.pid log 127.0.0.1 local3 info defaults option http-keep-alive option forwardfor mode http timeout connect 300000ms timeout client 300000ms timeout server 300000ms listen stats mode http bind 0.0.0.0:9999 stats enable log global stats uri /haproxy-status stats auth haadmin:123456 listen web_port bind 0.0.0.0:80 mode http log global balance roundrobin server web1 172.31.0.29:86 check inter 3000 fall 2 rise 5 server web2 172.31.0.39:86 check inter 3000 fall 2 rise 5
另外一台机器需要安装好docker环境，镜像可以上传到私有仓库然后下载，如果没有私有仓库也可以使用打包镜像方式传到机器
范例：使用save打包
[root@long-ubuntu nginx]# docker save f585766e2f1e > haproxy-2.1.7-base.tar.gz # 把tar包拷贝到其他机器上 [root@long-ubuntu nginx]# scp haproxy-2.1.7-base.tar.gz 172.31.0.19:/opt # 在其他机器导入 [root@Bj-Ubuntu ~/harbor]# docker load < /opt/haproxy-2.1.7-base.tar.gz
范例：使用私有仓库
# tomcat-app2镜像上传 [root@long-ubuntu nginx]# docker tag tomcat-web:app2 harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/tomcat-web:app2 [root@long-ubuntu nginx]# docker push harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/tomcat-web:app2 # haproxy镜像上传 [root@long-ubuntu haproxy]# docker tag haproxy-2.1.7-base:v1 harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/haproxy-2.1.7-base:v1 [root@long-ubuntu haproxy]# docker push harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/haproxy-2.1.7-base:v1 # nginx镜像上传 [root@long-ubuntu nginx]# docker tag centos7-nginx-1.18:v1 harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/centos7-nginx-1.18:v1 [root@long-ubuntu nginx]# docker push harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/centos7-nginx-1.18:v1
另外一台机器操作到私有仓库拉取镜像
[root@long-ubuntu ~]# docker pull harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/centos7-nginx-1.18:v1 [root@long-ubuntu ~]# docker pull harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/haproxy-2.1.7-base:v1 [root@long-ubuntu ~]# docker pull harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/tomcat-web:app2
基于三个镜像启动
[root@long-ubuntu ~]# docker run -itd -p 8080:8080 harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/tomcat-web:app2 [root@long-ubuntu ~]# docker run -itd -p 86:80 harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/centos7-nginx-1.18:v1 [root@long-ubuntu ~]# docker run -itd -p 80:80 -p 9999:9999 harbor.longxuan.vip/m44/haproxy-2.1.7-base:v1
浏览器验证
案例：基于官方 alpine 基础镜像制作自定义镜像
[root@long-ubuntu alpine]# ll total 1040 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 53 Jul 17 12:21 build-command.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 847 Jul 17 12:54 Dockerfile -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1039530 Jul 17 12:21 nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2848 Jul 17 12:34 nginx.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 175 Jul 17 12:57 static.tar.gz
dockerfile配置文件
[root@long-ubuntu alpine]# cat Dockerfile
#Images alpine create
FROM alpine:latest
LABEL maintainer="lvxuan XXX@qq.com"
#COPY repositories /etc/apk/repositories
RUN sed -i -e 's/http:/https:/' /etc/apk/repositories
RUN apk update && apk add iotop gcc libgcc libc-dev libcurl libc-utils pcre-dev \
zlib-dev libnfs make pcre pcre2 zip unzip net-tools pstree wget libevent libevent-dev iproute2
ADD nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz /opt/
RUN cd /opt/nginx-1.18.0 && ./configure --prefix=/apps/alpnginx && make && make install && ln -sv /apps/alpnginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/
RUN mkdir -p /data/alpnginx
RUN addgroup -g 2021 -S nginx && adduser -s /sbin/nologin -S -D -u 2021 -G nginx nginx
COPY nginx.conf /apps/alpnginx/conf/nginx.conf
ADD static.tar.gz /apps/alpnginx/html
RUN chown nginx.nginx /data/alpnginx/ /apps/alpnginx/ -R
EXPOSE 80 443
CMD ["/apps/alpnginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]
构建脚本
[root@long-ubuntu alpine]# cat build-command.sh #!/bin/bash # docker build -t alpine-nginx-1.18:v1 .
启动测试
[root@long-ubuntu alpine]# docker run -it --rm -p 81:80 alpine-nginx-1.18:v1
案例：基于官方 Ubuntu 基础镜像制作自定义镜像
[root@long-ubuntu ubuntu]# ll total 1044 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 57 Jul 17 13:13 buil-command.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1138 Jul 17 13:30 Dockerfile -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1039530 Jul 17 13:11 nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2848 Jul 17 13:12 nginx.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 814 Jul 17 13:29 sources.list -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 175 Jul 17 13:12 static.tar.gz
Dockerfile配置文件（目前遇到不是使用官方的apt源就会报错）
[root@long-ubuntu ubuntu]# cat Dockerfile
#Images ubuntu-18.04 create
FROM ubuntu:18.04
LABEL maintainer="lvxuan xxx@qq.com"
COPY sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN apt update && apt install -y iproute2 ntpdate tcpdump telnet traceroute \
nfs-kernel-server nfs-common lrzsz tree openssl libssl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev \
zlib1g-dev ntpdate tcpdump telnet traceroute gcc openssh-server lrzsz tree \
openssl libssl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev ntpdate tcpdump telnet \
traceroute iotop unzip zip make \
&& touch /tmp/linux.txt
ADD nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src
RUN cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.18.0 \
&& ./configure --prefix=/apps/ubtnginx \
&& make && make install && ln -sv /apps/ubtnginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin \
&& rm -rf /usr/local/src/nginx-1.18.0 \
&& rm -rf /usr/local/src/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
ADD nginx.conf /apps/ubtnginx/conf/nginx.conf
ADD static.tar.gz /apps/ubtnginx/html
RUN groupadd -g 2022 nginx && useradd -g nginx -s /usr/sbin/nologin -u 2022 nginx \
&& mkdir -p /data/ubtnginx \
&& chown -R nginx.nginx /apps/ubtnginx /data/ubtnginx
EXPOSE 80 443
CMD ["/apps/ubtnginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]
构建脚本
[root@long-ubuntu ubuntu]# cat buil-command.sh #!/bin/bash # docker build -t ubuntu-18.04-nginx-18:v1 .
执行构建
[root@long-ubuntu ubuntu]# bash buil-command.sh ---> 6302f193fb87 Successfully built 6302f193fb87 Successfully tagged ubuntu-18.04-nginx-18:v1
启动容器验证
[root@long-ubuntu ubuntu]# docker run -it --rm -p 82:80 ubuntu-18.04-nginx-18:v1
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