命令行安装 Oracle11g
2021/9/27 19:11:35
本文主要是介绍命令行安装 Oracle11g,对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值,需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧!
命令行安装11g
以下文件名、路径、配置信息都是前后一致的,如根据实际情况调整,需要注意前后的一致性!
安装时仅安装软件,不创建数据库。
一、创建目录
检查一下配置的路径
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ echo $ORACLE_BASE /app/oracle [oracle@oracledb ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 [oracle@oracledb ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID orcl
用oracle用户建立数据库所需目录
$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID $ cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID $ mkdir adump bdump cdump dpdump hdump pfile udump $ mkdir -p /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl $ mkdir -p /app/oracle/oradata/orcl
以下都用oracle用户
二、配置初始化文件
创建一个初始化文件
$ vim ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/pfile/init.ora
插入下面内容
注意:
undo表空间名和创建数据库脚本表空间名一定一致!!!
############################################################################## # Copyright (c) 1991, 2001, 2002 by Oracle Corporation ############################################################################## ########################################### # Cache and I/O ########################################### db_block_size=8192 ########################################### # Cursors and Library Cache ########################################### open_cursors=300 ########################################### # Database Identification ########################################### db_domain="" db_name="orcl" ########################################### # File Configuration ########################################### control_files=("/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl", "/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl") db_recovery_file_dest="/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area" db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832 ########################################### # Miscellaneous ########################################### compatible=11.2.0.4.0 diagnostic_dest=/app/oracle memory_target=805306368 ########################################### # Processes and Sessions ########################################### processes=150 ########################################### # Security and Auditing ########################################### audit_file_dest="/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump" audit_trail=db remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE ########################################### # Shared Server ########################################### dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)" ########################################### # System Managed Undo and Rollback Segments ########################################### undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1
三、创建oracle密码文件
$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=oracle
四、创建数据库
先登录sys 以DBA身份,用初始化参数文件将数据库启动到nomount状态。
$ sqlplus /nolog SQL> conn / as sysdba; SQL> startup nomount pfile="/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora";
说明:
字符集:ZHS16GBK
sys和system密码:manager2021
数据库SID:orcl
创建数据库脚本如下:
CREATE DATABASE orcl MAXINSTANCES 8 MAXLOGHISTORY 16 MAXLOGFILES 16 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3 MAXDATAFILES 512 DATAFILE '/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' SIZE 2048M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SYSAUX DATAFILE '/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 1024M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF SMALLFILE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE '/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf' SIZE 4096M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF SMALLFILE UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS1" DATAFILE '/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/UNDOTBS1.dbf' SIZE 8192M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16 LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log') SIZE 102400K, GROUP 2 ('/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log') SIZE 102400K, GROUP 3 ('/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log') SIZE 102400K USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY "manager2021" USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY "manager2021"; /
五、执行数据字典脚本
用两个角色执行脚本:
SQL> conn sys/manager2021 as sysdba SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catalog SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catproc SQL> conn system/manager2021 SQL> @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld
六、创建spfile
创建完spfile后,关闭数据库,然后就可以startup直接启动了。
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora'; SQL> shutdown immediate; SQL> startup
七、网络访问连接设置
1、配置文件
因为安装时仅安装软件,所以没有配置net 。
在$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin路径下,手工配置三个ora文件,需要注意的就是机器名一定正确,SID一定正确。
文件内容如下,直接复制粘贴即可:
(1) listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracledb)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /app/oracle
(2)tnsnames.ora
ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracledb)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) )
(3)sqlnet.ora
# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT) ADR_BASE = /app/oracle
2、启动监听
(1)用命令启动监听:lsnrctl start
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-SEP-2021 01:29:32 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production System parameter file is /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 28-SEP-2021 01:29:32 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully [oracle@oracledb admin]$
(2)检查监听状态:
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-SEP-2021 01:30:29 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 28-SEP-2021 01:29:32 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 57 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully [oracle@oracledb admin]$
(3)测试tns
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ tnsping orcl TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-SEP-2021 01:31:16 Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Used parameter files: /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracledb)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl))) OK (0 msec) [oracle@oracledb admin]$
至此完成命令行方式安装!
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