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网络编程实战讲解

TCP实现聊天

客户端

package com.example.quickstart;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

//客户端
public class TCPClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Socket socket=null;
        OutputStream outputStream=null;

        try {
            //要知道服务器的地址
            InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
            int port=8888;//端口号
            //创建一个socket连接
            socket = new Socket(inetAddress, port);
            //发送消息 IO流
            outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            outputStream.write("你好，欢迎来到我的世界".getBytes());
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                outputStream.close();
                socket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

服务器端

package com.example.quickstart;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ServerSocket serverSocket=null;
        Socket accept=null;
        InputStream inputStream=null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream arrayOutputStream=null;

        //我得有一个地址
        try {
            serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
            while(true){
                //等待客户端连接过来
                accept = serverSocket.accept();
                //读取客户端的消息
                inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
                //管道流
                arrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
                int len;
                while((len=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
                    arrayOutputStream.write(buffer,0,len);
                }
                System.out.println(arrayOutputStream.toString());
            }

            /*byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];//1k
            int len;
            while((len=inputStream.read(bytes))!=-1){
                String message = new String(bytes, 0, len);
                System.out.println(message);
            }*/
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                arrayOutputStream.close();
                inputStream.close();
                accept.close();
                serverSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

TCP文件上传实现

客户端

package com.example.quickstart;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPUploadClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            //创建一个Socket连接
            Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("localhost"), 9000);
            //创建一个输出流
            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            //文件输入流-读取文件
            FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("img1.webp"));
            //写出文件
            byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
            int len;
            while((len=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
                outputStream.write(buffer,0,len);
            }
            //通知服务器我已经结束了
            socket.shutdownOutput();

            //确定服务器接收完毕，才能断开连接
            InputStream socketInputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            byte[] buffer2 = new byte[2048];
            int len2;
            while((len2=socketInputStream.read(buffer2))!=-1){
                byteArrayOutputStream.write(buffer2,0,len2);
            }
            String message = byteArrayOutputStream.toString();
            System.out.println(message);

            //关闭资源
            byteArrayOutputStream.close();
            socketInputStream.close();
            inputStream.close();
            outputStream.close();
            socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

服务器端

package com.example.quickstart;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPUploadServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            //创建服务
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9000);
            //监听客户端的连接
            Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();//阻塞式监听，会一直等待客户端连接
            //获取输入流
            InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
            //文件输出
            FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("receive.webp"));
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int len;
            while((len=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
                outputStream.write(buffer,0,len);
            }
            //通知客户端我接收完毕了
            OutputStream acceptOutputStream = accept.getOutputStream();
            acceptOutputStream.write("我接收完毕了，你可以断开了".getBytes());

            //关闭资源
            outputStream.close();
            inputStream.close();
            accept.close();
            serverSocket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

UDP消息发送

客户端

package com.example.udp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;

//不需要连接服务器
public class UDPClientDemo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            //建立一个Socket
            DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
            //建个包
            String message="你好，服务器";
            byte[] messageBytes = message.getBytes();
            InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");//发送给谁
            int port = 9090;//端口号
            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(messageBytes,0,messageBytes.length,localhost,port);
            //发送包
            socket.send(packet);

            //关闭流
            socket.close();
        } catch (SocketException | UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

服务器端

package com.example.udp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

//还是要等待客户端的连接
public class UDPServerDemo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            //开放端口
            DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090);
            //接收数据包
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
            socket.receive(packet);//阻塞接收

            //输出包裹信息
            System.out.println(new String(packet.getData()));

            //关闭连接
            socket.close();
        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

UDP连续发送消息

发送方

package com.example.udp;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.*;

public class UDPSenderDemo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(8888);

            //准备数据：控制台读取 System.in
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            while(true){
                String message = reader.readLine();
                byte[] messageBytes = message.getBytes();
                InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(messageBytes, 0, messageBytes.length, localhost, 6666);
                socket.send(packet);
                if("bye".equalsIgnoreCase(message)){
                    break;
                }
            }

            socket.close();
        } catch (SocketException | UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

接收方

package com.example.udp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

public class UDPReceiveDemo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6666);

            while(true){
                //准备接收包裹
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer,0,buffer.length);
                socket.receive(packet);
                byte[] data = packet.getData();
                String message = new String(data, 0, data.length);
                System.out.println(message);
                if("bye".equalsIgnoreCase(message)){
                    break;
                }
            }

            socket.close();
        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

UDP多线程在线咨询

发送方

package com.example.udp;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.*;

public class ChatSender implements Runnable {
    DatagramSocket socket=null;
    BufferedReader reader=null;
    private String toIP;
    private int toPort;
    private int fromPort;

    public ChatSender(String toIP, int toPort, int fromPort) {
        this.toIP = toIP;
        this.toPort = toPort;
        this.fromPort = fromPort;
        try {
            socket=new DatagramSocket(fromPort);
            reader=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            try {
                String data = reader.readLine();
                byte[] dataBytes = data.getBytes();
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataBytes, 0, dataBytes.length, new InetSocketAddress(toIP, toPort));
                socket.send(packet);
                if("bye".equalsIgnoreCase(data)){
                    break;
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

接收方

package com.example.udp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

public class ChatReceiver implements Runnable {
    DatagramSocket socket=null;
    private int port;

    public ChatReceiver(int port) {
        this.port = port;
        try {
            socket=new DatagramSocket(port);
        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        byte[] buffer=null;
        DatagramPacket packet=null;
        while(true){
            try {
                buffer=new byte[1024];
                packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
                socket.receive(packet);
                byte[] data = packet.getData();
                String message = new String(data);
                System.out.println("fromIP: "+packet.getAddress()+", fromMessage: "+message);
                if("bye".equalsIgnoreCase(message)){
                    break;
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

学生：即是发送方也是接收方

package com.example.udp;

public class ChatStudent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //开启两个线程
        new Thread(new ChatSender("localhost",6666,7777)).start();
        new Thread(new ChatReceiver(8888)).start();
    }
}

老师：即是发送方也是接收方

package com.example.udp;

public class ChatTeacher {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new ChatSender("localhost",8888,9999)).start();
        new Thread(new ChatReceiver(6666)).start();
    }
}

URL下载网络资源

爬取网易云音乐

package com.example.url;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;

//下载地址：http://localhost:8080/favicon.ico
//ps：需打开tomcat
public class URLDownload {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            //下载地址
            URL url = new URL("https://m801.music.126.net/20211003095941/a0a7f59871fb88d6492845ca20aac658/jdyyaac/obj/w5rDlsOJwrLDjj7CmsOj/11062312467/6a10/8c90/0eaf/e12ae5442e789a1e2215ddeae103befb.m4a");
            //连接到这个资源
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();
            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("奔流.m4a");
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int len;
            while((len=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
                fileOutputStream.write(buffer,0,len);
            }
            fileOutputStream.close();
            inputStream.close();
            connection.disconnect();
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

【狂神说Java】网络编程实战讲解_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

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