JavaScript - 自定义鼠标右键菜单

2021/11/6 17:09:59

编程Tag： javascript web 自定义 event menu 右键 technology Developers APIs

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示例
参考

示例

在这里插入图片描述

设计思路：

禁用原始鼠标右键菜单；
使用 HTML 元素搭建一个菜单列表，并响应鼠标点击事件。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8" />
        <title>Custom Context Menu</title>
        <style type="text/css">
            * {
                box-sizing: border-box;
                margin: 0;
                padding: 0;
            }
            body {
                background-color: gainsboro;
            }
            .context-menu {
                background-color: rgba(240, 240, 240, 1);
                border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
                border-style: solid;
                border-width: 1px;
                box-shadow: 2px 2px 2px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
                padding: 4px;
                position: fixed;
                width: 200px;
            }
            .context-menu-item {
                --height: 30px;
                cursor: pointer;
                height: var(--height);
                line-height: var(--height);
                list-style: none;
                padding-left: 5px;
                vertical-align: middle;
                transition-duration: 0.8s;
                transition-property: background-color;
                user-select: none;
            }
            .context-menu-item:hover {
                background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1);
            }
            p {
                margin: 10px;
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>
            <span>The oncontextmenu property of the GlobalEventHandlers mixin is an event handler that processes contextmenu events.</span>
            <br>
            <span>The contextmenu event typically fires when the right mouse button is clicked on the window. Unless the default behavior is prevented, the browser context menu will activate.</span>
        </p>
        <p>
            <span>The onm ouseup property of the GlobalEventHandlers mixin is an event handler that processes mouseup events.</span>
            <br>
            <span>The mouseup event fires when the user releases the mouse button.</span>
        </p>
        <p>
            <span>In an HTML document, the document.createElement() method creates the HTML element specified by tagName, or an HTMLUnknownElement if tagName isn't recognized.</span>
        </p>
    </body>

    <script type="text/javascript">
        // 鼠标左、右键标志，参考：https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/MouseEvent/MouseEvent
        const MOUSE_LEFT_BUTTON = 0
        const MOUSE_RIGHT_BUTTON = 2
        
        window.onload = (event) => {
            console.log(event);
            main();
        }

        function main() {
            let menu = null;
            
            window.oncontextmenu = (event) => { // 禁用原始鼠标右键菜单
                // console.log(event);
                // event.preventDefault();
                return false;
            }

            document.onmouseup = (event) => {
                console.log(event);
                // console.log(event.clientX, event.clientY);

                if(event.button === MOUSE_RIGHT_BUTTON) { // 鼠标右键
                    if(menu !== null) {
                        document.body.removeChild(menu); // 移除菜单
                    }
                    
                    menu = document.createElement("ul"); // 菜单
                    menu.className = "context-menu";
                    menu.style.top = event.clientY + "px";
                    menu.style.left = event.clientX + "px";
                    
                    const item0 = document.createElement("li"); // 菜单子项 0
                    item0.innerText = "个性化";
                    item0.className = "context-menu-item";
                    
                    const item1 = document.createElement("li"); // 菜单子项 1
                    item1.innerText = "显示设置";
                    item1.className = "context-menu-item";
                    
                    menu.appendChild(item0); // 添加菜单子项
                    menu.appendChild(item1);
                    
                    document.body.appendChild(menu); // 添加（展现）菜单
                } else if(event.button === MOUSE_LEFT_BUTTON) { // 鼠标左键
                    if(menu !== null) {
                        document.body.removeChild(menu); // 移除菜单
                        menu = null;
                    }
                    
                    const target = event.target; // 获取被鼠标左键点击的目标
                    if(target.className === "context-menu-item") {
                        alert(target.innerText);
                    }
                }
            }

            document.onmousedown = (event) => {
                // console.log(event);
            }
        }
    </script>
</html>

参考

js鼠标右键点击事件

Web technology for developers > Web APIs > GlobalEventHandlers > GlobalEventHandlers.oncontextmenu

Web technology for developers > Web APIs > GlobalEventHandlers > GlobalEventHandlers.onmouseup

Web technology for developers > Web APIs > Document > Document.createElement()

Web technology for developers > Web APIs > Node > Node.removeChild()

Web technology for developers > Web APIs > HTMLElement > HTMLElement.style

Web technology for developers > Web APIs > Node > Node.appendChild()

Web technology for developers > Web APIs > MouseEvent > MouseEvent()

Web technology for developers > HTML: HyperText Markup Language > HTML elements reference > ul: The Unordered List element

Web technology for developers > Web APIs > HTMLUListElement

Web technology for developers > HTML: HyperText Markup Language > HTML elements reference > li: The List Item element

Web technology for developers > Web APIs > HTMLLIElement

Web technology for developers > CSS: Cascading Style Sheets > list-style

Web technology for developers > Web APIs > Element > Element.className

Web technology for developers > CSS: Cascading Style Sheets > transition

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JavaScript - 自定义鼠标右键菜单

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