Nacos高可用部署

2021/12/2 23:07:49

编程Tag： mysql 部署 nginx root local 可用 Nacos usr

本文主要是介绍Nacos高可用部署，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

Nacos简介

Nacos是一个更易于构建云原生应用的动态服务发现、配置管理和服务管理平台，作为Spring Cloud Alibaba 三大组件之一，Nacos 融合了服务注册发现中心、配置中心、服务管理等功能，类似于 Eureka/Consule + Config + Admin 的合体。Nacos架构图如下：
在这里插入图片描述
Nacos Server 有两种运行模式：standalone和cluster。standalone 模式一般用于 demo 和测试，不用改任何配置；生产环境可以使用 cluster 模式。另外standalone 的话仅会使用 Derby，即使在 application.properties 里边配置 MySQL 也照样无视；
cluster 模式会自动使用 MySQL，这时候如果没有 MySQL 的配置，是会报错的。
接下来就基于Ubuntu1804部署一套高可用Nacos集群，集群采用nginx反向代理模式

一、环境准备

服务IP
nginx192.168.20.130
nacos1192.168.20.131
nacos2192.168.20.132
nacos3192.168.20.133
mysql192.168.20.135

配置域名

hostnamectl --static set-hostname nginx
vim /etc/hosts
#nacos-cluster
192.168.20.130  nginx
192.168.20.131  nacos1
192.168.20.132  nacos2
192.168.20.133  nacos3
192.168.20.135  mysql

nacos和mysql配置java环境
安装java1.8脚本java8-install.sh

#!/bin/bash
tar -zxf jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
ln -sv /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_261 /usr/local/jdk
ln -sv /usr/local/jdk/bin/java /usr/bin/
cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export JRE_HOME=\$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:\$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:\$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:\$JRE_HOME/lib
export PATH=\$PATH:\$JAVA_HOME/bin:\$JRE_HOME/bin
EOF

. /etc/profile
java -version
chmod +x java8-install.sh  &&  ./java8-install.sh

二、安装mysql

下载二进制mysql：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
在这里插入图片描述

root@mysql:~# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
root@mysql:~# tar -zxf mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
root@mysql:~# cd /usr/local  &&  mv mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

配置系统环境变量

root@mysql:/usr/local# vim /etc/profile
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
root@mysql:/usr/local# source /etc/profile

创建mysql用户，数据库数据目录

root@mysql:/usr/local/mysql# groupadd mysql && useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql -g mysql
root@mysql:/usr/local/mysql# mkdir -p /data/mysql && chown -R mysql /data/mysql && chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

创建数据库配置文件my.cnf

root@mysql:/usr/local/mysql# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]    
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]    
port = 3306 
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 32M
max_allowed_packet = 1024M
table_open_cache = 128
sort_buffer_size = 768K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 768K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
query_cache_size = 16M 
tmp_table_size = 32M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 1000
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
#skip-networking
max_connect_errors = 100
open_files_limit = 65535

log_bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server_id = 232
expire_logs_days = 10
early-plugin-load = ""

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 768K
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

初始化数据库，纪录初始密码

root@mysql:/usr/local/mysql# apt install -y libaio*		#安装系统依赖库
root@mysql:/usr/local/mysql# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
2021-11-30T03:49:01.883997Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2021-11-30T03:49:01.906523Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2021-11-30T03:49:01.963239Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 74e02eb1-5190-11ec-87d8-00505632ccbe.
2021-11-30T03:49:01.963786Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2021-11-30T03:49:02.202634Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2021-11-30T03:49:02.603075Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: .ZWmGiql?62z

添加mysqld到系统服务

root@mysql:/usr/local/mysql# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
root@mysql:/usr/local/mysql# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
root@mysql:/usr/local/mysql# vim /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=mysqld
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
ExecStop=/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动mysql，连接测试，修改初始密码，用新密码登录验证

root@mysql:/usr/local/mysql# systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl start mysqld && systemctl enable mysqld
root@mysql:/usr/local/mysql# mysql -u root -p'.ZWmGiql?62z'
mysql> set password='Hlro@123';
root@mysql:/usr/local/mysql# mysql -u root -p'Hlro@123'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.30-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

创建nacos数据库，并授权

mysql> create database nacos;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> grant all on nacos.* to nacos@'192.168.20.%' identified by 'Nacos@123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

本机连接测试

root@mysql:~# mysql -h 192.168.20.135 -u nacos -p'Nacos@123'
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| nacos              |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

windows(192.168.20.1)测试连接：用Navicat连接测试
在这里插入图片描述

三、安装nacos（nacos1、nacos2、nacos3）

GitHub下载：https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/tag/2.0.3

root@nacos1:~# wget https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/download/2.0.3/nacos-server-2.0.3.tar.gz
root@nacos1:~# tar -zxf nacos-server-2.0.3.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

修改配置文件：cluster.conf，application.properties

root@nacos1:~# cd /usr/local/nacos/  &&  cp conf/cluster.conf.example conf/cluster.conf
root@nacos1:/usr/local/nacos# vim conf/cluster.conf
#nacos-cluster
192.168.20.131:8848
192.168.20.132:8848
192.168.20.133:8848
root@nacos1:/usr/local/nacos# vim conf/application.properties
server.servlet.contextPath=/nacos
### Default web server port:
server.port=8848
### If use MySQL as datasource，mysql上创建的数据库为nacos
db.num=1db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://192.168.20.135:3306/nacos?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
db.user.0=nacos
db.password.0=Nacos@123

创建数据库表，把nacos配置文件下的sql脚本拷贝到数据库服务器上

root@nacos1:/usr/local/nacos# scp conf/nacos-mysql.sql 192.168.20.135:/usr/local/mysql/
nacos用户登录数据库，切换到nacos库，执行nacos-mysql.sql脚本
mysql> use nacos;
Database changed
mysql> source /usr/local/mysql/nacos-mysql.sql;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>

或者复制sql脚本中的SQL命令，在Navicat中运行命令，注意需要切换到nacos库下执行
在这里插入图片描述
启动nacos，查看日志，在三台nacos上执行

root@nacos1:~# /usr/local/nacos/bin/startup.sh
/usr/local/jdk/bin/java -Djava.ext.dirs=/usr/local/jdk/jre/lib/ext:/usr/local/jdk/lib/ext  -server -Xms2g -Xmx2g -Xmn1g -XX:MetaspaceSize=128m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=320m -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=/usr/local/nacos/logs/java_heapdump.hprof -XX:-UseLargePages -Dnacos.member.list= -Xloggc:/usr/local/nacos/logs/nacos_gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10 -XX:GCLogFileSize=100M -Dloader.path=/usr/local/nacos/plugins/health,/usr/local/nacos/plugins/cmdb -Dnacos.home=/usr/local/nacos -jar /usr/local/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar  --spring.config.additional-location=file:/usr/local/nacos/conf/ --logging.config=/usr/local/nacos/conf/nacos-logback.xml --server.max-http-header-size=524288
nacos is starting with cluster
nacos is starting，you can check the /usr/local/nacos/logs/start.out
root@nacos1:~# cat /usr/local/nacos/logs/start.out
2021-11-30 04:39:19,677 INFO Nacos is starting...
2021-11-30 04:39:19,706 INFO Nacos started successfully in cluster mode. use external storage

登录web查看，任意一个IP都可以，默认账户密码都是nacos
http://192.168.20.131:8848/nacos/#/login在这里插入图片描述

四、配置nginx实现反向代理

下载nginx：https://nginx.org/en/download.html

root@nginx:~# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz
安装编译环境以及依赖包
root@nginx:~# apt install gcc make openssl-devel zlib-devel openssl build-essential libtool libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev
root@nginx:~# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nginx
root@nginx:~# tar -zxf nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
root@nginx:~# cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.20.2/  
root@nginx:/usr/local/src/nginx-1.20.2#  ./configure --prefix=//usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-stream  --with-stream_realip_module
root@nginx:/usr/local/src/nginx-1.20.2# make  &&  make install
root@nginx:~# ls /usr/local/nginx/
conf  html  logs  sbin
root@nginx:~# chown -R nginx.nginx /usr/local/nginx
root@nginx:~# ln -sv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/
'/usr/sbin/nginx' -> '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx'
root@nginx:~# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.20.2
built by gcc 7.5.0 (Ubuntu 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04) 
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module
root@nginx:~# vim /etc/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=forking

ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动nginx测试首页

root@nginx:~# systemctl daemon-reload  &&  systemctl start nginx.service  &&  systemctl enable nginx.service

在这里插入图片描述

编译配置文件，增加tcp反向代理，在http模块之上添加stream，重启NGINX

root@nginx:/usr/local/nginx/conf# vim nginx.conf
stream{
    upstream nacos {
        server  192.168.20.131:8848;
        server  192.168.20.132:8848;
        server  192.168.20.133:8848;
    }
    server {
	listen 8848;
	proxy_connect_timeout 1s; #连接超时时间
	proxy_timeout 3s; #转发超时时间
	proxy_pass nacos; #转发到具体服务器组
    }
}
root@nginx:~# systemctl restart nginx.service

浏览器访问验证
http://192.168.20.130:8848/nacos
在这里插入图片描述
nginx可结合Keepalived实现高可用，MySQL也可以部署成集群或者主从复制模式实现更高级别的高可用



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