centos7上搭建ftp服务器

本文主要是介绍centos7上搭建ftp服务器，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

1. ​​​​​​Centos7安装搭建FTP服务器（最简便方法） - Tse先生 - 博客园

2. Linux下搭建FTP服务器教程_LMXQH的博客-CSDN博客_linuxftp服务器配置

3. vsftpd 530 Login incorrect 根本原因和解决方案_wqh0830的博客-CSDN博客_530login incorrect

4. linux vsftpd 550 create directory operation failed解决方法 - 咣咣敲代码 - 博客园

主要参考以上博客

1. 安装ftp

yum -y install vsftpd

cd /etc/vsftpd

ls查看当前目录，应该是有以下内容：

然后复制user_list文件，将其改名为chroot_list，里面内容不用动

这个是为了避免这个错误

2. 修改vsftpd.conf文件

下面是我的配置文件，主要是把第一个改成NO，加了最后几行，没有ipv6的记得要把ipv6改成no，后续ftp连接的端口就是最后listen_port对应的数字

vim vsftpd.conf

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains
# the behaviour when these options are disabled.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
listen_ipv6=YES
listen_port=60021
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
pasv_enable=YES
pasv_min_port=65400
pasv_max_port=65410

3. 开防火墙，这里的port和范围是conf文件里写的范围

#添加主端口
[root@tsemongo01 vsftpd]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=60021/tcp
success
#添加被动端口
[root@tsemongo01 vsftpd]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=65400-65410/tcp
success
[root@tsemongo01 vsftpd]# firewall-cmd --reload 
success

4.  创建新用户ftpuser

useradd -d /home/ftpuser/ -s /sbin/nologin ftpuser

设置密码

passwd ftpuser

vim /etc/passwd

如果etc/passwd里面ftpuser对应的是bin/bash，修改为/sbin/nologin

（图里面home目录不用管，我自己创建的）

 修改权限

chown -R ftpuser /home/ftpuser

5. 开启ftp服务

systemctl enable vsftpd

systemctl start vsftpd

netstat -antup | grep ftp

p.s. 注意 之后如果自己修改了conf文件之后要service vsftpd restart

6. 远程连接

windows端下载filezilla，记得下客户端版本，不是服务器版本

登录后，出现了错误

解决方法

查看/etc/ftpusers和user list，确认ftp用户不在这两个文件里面
修改/etc/pam.d/vsftpd，把pam_shells改成pam_nologin

#%PAM-1.0
session    optional     pam_keyinit.so    force revoke
auth       required     pam_listfile.so item=user sense=deny file=/etc/vsftpd/ftpusers onerr=succeed
#auth       required    pam_shells.so
auth       required    pam_nologin.so
auth       include      password-auth
account    include      password-auth
session    required     pam_loginuid.so
session    include      password-auth

开启文件夹修改权限

ftp设置了之后

 没有办法修改里面的文件

这个通过修改SELinux解决,代表级别改为SELINUX=disabled 重启就OK了!

vim /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

然后重启服务器，不想重启的也可以执行以下命令：

setenforce 0

然后就可以自由使用ftp了

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