数据库参数调优

2022/2/10 19:24:32

编程Tag： 参数 Set 数据库 scope name system alter 调优 spfile

本文主要是介绍数据库参数调优，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

 

1.11g调优参数

1.1ASM实例参数调优

alter system set sga_max_size=2G scope=spfile;

alter system set sga_target=2G scope=spfile;

1.2数据库实例参数调优

alter database force logging;

alter database add supplemental log data;

alter system set audit_trail=none scope=spfile;

alter system set session_cached_cursors=500 scope=spfile;

alter system set open_cursors=1000 scope=spfile;

alter system set undo_retention=1800;

exec DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE(client_name => 'auto space advisor',operation => NULL,window_name => NULL);

exec DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE(client_name => 'sql tuning advisor',operation => NULL,window_name => NULL);

ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED;

ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS UNLIMITED;

alter system set deferred_segment_creation=false scope=both;

alter system set "_resource_manager_always_off"=true scope=spfile;

alter system set resource_manager_plan='';

alter system set "_gc_policy_time"=0 scope=spfile;

alter system set "_gc_undo_affinity"=false scope=spfile;

alter system set "_gc_read_mostly_locking"=false scope=spfile;

alter system set PARALLEL_FORCE_LOCAL=true scope=spfile;

alter system set parallel_max_servers=16;

alter system set optimizer_index_cost_adj=10;

alter system set optimizer_index_caching=100;

alter system set "_use_adaptive_log_file_sync"=false;

alter system set "_undo_autotune"=false;

alter system set FAST_START_PARALLEL_ROLLBACK='HIGH';

alter system set "_cleanup_rollback_entries"=400 scope=spfile ;

alter system set "_optim_peek_user_binds"=FALSE scope=both;

alter system set "_optimizer_use_feedback"=false scope=both;

alter system set "_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing_rel"=none scope=both;

alter system set "_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing"=none scope= both;

alter system set "_optimizer_adaptive_cursor_sharing"=false scope= both;

alter system set event='10511 trace name context forever,level 1:28401 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1' scope=spfile;

alter system set "_clusterwide_global_transactions"=false  scope=spfile;

alter system set "_serial_direct_read"=never;

alter system set db_files=2000 scope=spfile;

alter system set processes=3000 scope=spfile;

alter system set  "_bloom_filter_enabled"=FALSE ;

alter system set "_cursor_obsolete_threshold"=200 scope=spfile;

alter system set job_queue_processes=100 scope=spfile;

alter system set "_b_tree_bitmap_plans"=false;

alter system set result_cache_max_size=0 sid='*' scope=both;

--alter system set sga_max_size=16G scope=spfile;

--alter system set sga_target=12G scope=spfile;

1.3统计信息收集作业

 

--每月20号，晚21点开始全库统计信息收集，持续最大时间240分钟，并发2

BEGIN

sys.dbms_scheduler.create_job(

job_name => '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"',

job_type => 'PLSQL_BLOCK',

job_action => 'begin

  DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DATABASE_STATS ();

end;',

repeat_interval => 'FREQ=MONTHLY;BYMONTHDAY=20;BYHOUR=21;BYMINUTE=0;BYSECOND=0',

start_date => to_timestamp_tz('2021-11-14 Asia/Shanghai', 'YYYY-MM-DD TZR'),

job_class => '"DEFAULT_JOB_CLASS"',

comments => 'gather database stats on every month20-21:00:00,maxrun-240min,degree=2',

auto_drop => FALSE,

enabled => FALSE);

sys.dbms_scheduler.set_attribute( name => '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"', attribute => 'max_run_duration', value => numtodsinterval(240, 'minute'));

sys.dbms_scheduler.set_attribute( name => '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"', attribute => 'job_weight', value => 2);

sys.dbms_scheduler.enable( '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"' );

END;

/

 

1.4数据文件调优

set linesize 500 pagesize 500

col name format a60

select file#,bytes/1024/1024||'M',name from v$datafile;

alter database datafile 3 resize 20G;

alter database datafile 3 autoextend on;

alter database datafile 5 resize 20G;

alter database datafile 5 autoextend on;




set linesize 500 pagesize 500

col name format a60

select file#,bytes/1024/1024||'M',name from v$tempfile;

alter database tempfile 1 resize 20G;

alter database tempfile 1 autoextend off;

 

 

1.5集群调优

--禁用chm

crsctl modify res ora.crf -attr "AUTO_START=never" -init

crsctl modify res ora.crf -attr "ENABLED=0" -init

crsctl stop res ora.crf -init




--禁用TFA

tfactl disable

/etc/init.d/init.tfa  shutdown

 

2.12c调优参数

2.1ASM实例参数调优

alter system set sga_max_size=2G scope=spfile;

alter system set sga_target=2G scope=spfile;

 

2.2数据库实例参数调优

alter database force logging;

alter database add supplemental log data;

alter system set audit_trail=none scope=spfile;

alter system set session_cached_cursors=500 scope=spfile;

alter system set open_cursors=1000 scope=spfile;

alter system set undo_retention=1800;

exec DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE(client_name => 'auto space advisor',operation => NULL,window_name => NULL);

exec DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE(client_name => 'sql tuning advisor',operation => NULL,window_name => NULL);

ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED;

ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS UNLIMITED;

alter system set deferred_segment_creation=false scope=both;

alter system set "_resource_manager_always_off"=true scope=spfile;

alter system set resource_manager_plan='';

alter system set "_gc_policy_time"=0 scope=spfile;

alter system set "_gc_undo_affinity"=false scope=spfile;

alter system set "_gc_read_mostly_locking"=false scope=spfile;

alter system set PARALLEL_FORCE_LOCAL=true scope=spfile;

alter system set parallel_max_servers=16;

alter system set optimizer_index_cost_adj=10;

alter system set optimizer_index_caching=100;

alter system set "_use_adaptive_log_file_sync"=false;

alter system set "_undo_autotune"=false;

alter system set FAST_START_PARALLEL_ROLLBACK='HIGH';

alter system set "_cleanup_rollback_entries"=400 scope=spfile ;

alter system set "_optim_peek_user_binds"=FALSE scope=both;

alter system set "_optimizer_use_feedback"=false scope=both;

alter system set "_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing_rel"=none scope=both;

alter system set "_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing"=none scope= both;

alter system set "_optimizer_adaptive_cursor_sharing"=false scope= both;

alter system set event='10511 trace name context forever,level 1:28401 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1' scope=spfile;




alter system set "_clusterwide_global_transactions"=false  scope=spfile;

alter system set "_serial_direct_read"=never;

alter system set db_files=2000 scope=spfile;

alter system set processes=3000 scope=spfile;

alter system set  "_bloom_filter_enabled"=FALSE ;

alter system set "_cursor_obsolete_threshold"=200 scope=spfile;

alter system set job_queue_processes=100 scope=spfile;

alter system set "_b_tree_bitmap_plans"=false;

alter system set result_cache_max_size=0 sid='*' scope=both;

--alter system set sga_max_size=16G scope=spfile;

--alter system set sga_target=12G scope=spfile;




--12c特别关注参数

alter system set "_use_single_log_writer"='true' scope=spfile;

alter system set "_dlm_stats_collect" = 0 scope = spfile sid = '*';

alter system set "_sys_logon_delay"=0 scope=spfile;

alter system set pga_aggregate_target=8G scope=spfile;

alter system set pga_aggregate_limit=16G scope=spfile;

 

2.3统计信息收集作业

 

--每月20号，晚21点开始全库统计信息收集，持续最大时间240分钟，并发2

BEGIN

sys.dbms_scheduler.create_job(

job_name => '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"',

job_type => 'PLSQL_BLOCK',

job_action => 'begin

  DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DATABASE_STATS ();

end;',

repeat_interval => 'FREQ=MONTHLY;BYMONTHDAY=20;BYHOUR=21;BYMINUTE=0;BYSECOND=0',

start_date => to_timestamp_tz('2021-11-14 Asia/Shanghai', 'YYYY-MM-DD TZR'),

job_class => '"DEFAULT_JOB_CLASS"',

comments => 'gather database stats on every month20-21:00:00,maxrun-240min,degree=2',

auto_drop => FALSE,

enabled => FALSE);

sys.dbms_scheduler.set_attribute( name => '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"', attribute => 'max_run_duration', value => numtodsinterval(240, 'minute'));

sys.dbms_scheduler.set_attribute( name => '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"', attribute => 'job_weight', value => 2);

sys.dbms_scheduler.enable( '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"' );

END;

/

 

 

2.4sqlnet.ora调优

注：rac集群以grid用户为准，单机以oracle用户为准

cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/

vi sqlnet.ora

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=9

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=9

 

2.5数据文件调优

set linesize 500 pagesize 500

col name format a60

select file#,bytes/1024/1024||'M',name from v$datafile;

alter database datafile 3 resize 20G;

alter database datafile 3 autoextend on;

alter database datafile 5 resize 20G;

alter database datafile 5 autoextend on;




set linesize 500 pagesize 500

col name format a60

select file#,bytes/1024/1024||'M',name from v$tempfile;

alter database tempfile 1 resize 20G;

alter database tempfile 1 autoextend off;

 

 

2.6集群调优

--禁用chm

crsctl modify res ora.crf -attr "AUTO_START=never" -init

crsctl modify res ora.crf -attr "ENABLED=0" -init

crsctl stop res ora.crf -init




--禁用TFA

tfactl disable

/etc/init.d/init.tfa  shutdown

 

 

 

3.19c调优参数

3.1ASM实例参数调优

alter system set sga_max_size=2G scope=spfile;

alter system set sga_target=2G scope=spfile;

3.2数据库实例参数调优

alter database force logging;

alter database add supplemental log data;

alter system set audit_trail=none scope=spfile;

alter system set session_cached_cursors=500 scope=spfile;

alter system set open_cursors=1000 scope=spfile;

alter system set undo_retention=1800;

exec DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE(client_name => 'auto space advisor',operation => NULL,window_name => NULL);

exec DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE(client_name => 'sql tuning advisor',operation => NULL,window_name => NULL);

ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED;

ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS UNLIMITED;

alter system set deferred_segment_creation=false scope=both;

alter system set "_resource_manager_always_off"=true scope=spfile;

alter system set resource_manager_plan='';

alter system set "_gc_policy_time"=0 scope=spfile;

alter system set "_gc_undo_affinity"=false scope=spfile;

alter system set "_gc_read_mostly_locking"=false scope=spfile;

alter system set PARALLEL_FORCE_LOCAL=true scope=spfile;

alter system set parallel_max_servers=16;

alter system set optimizer_index_cost_adj=10;

alter system set optimizer_index_caching=100;

alter system set "_use_adaptive_log_file_sync"=false;

alter system set "_undo_autotune"=false;

alter system set FAST_START_PARALLEL_ROLLBACK='HIGH';

alter system set "_cleanup_rollback_entries"=400 scope=spfile ;

alter system set "_optim_peek_user_binds"=FALSE scope=both;

alter system set "_optimizer_use_feedback"=false scope=both;

alter system set "_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing_rel"=none scope=both;

alter system set "_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing"=none scope= both;

alter system set "_optimizer_adaptive_cursor_sharing"=false scope= both;

alter system set event='10511 trace name context forever,level 1:28401 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1' scope=spfile;




alter system set "_clusterwide_global_transactions"=false  scope=spfile;

alter system set "_serial_direct_read"=never;

alter system set db_files=2000 scope=spfile;

alter system set processes=3000 scope=spfile;

alter system set  "_bloom_filter_enabled"=FALSE ;

alter system set "_cursor_obsolete_threshold"=200 scope=spfile;

alter system set job_queue_processes=100 scope=spfile;

alter system set "_b_tree_bitmap_plans"=false;

alter system set result_cache_max_size=0 sid='*' scope=both;

--alter system set sga_max_size=16G scope=spfile;

--alter system set sga_target=12G scope=spfile;




--19c特别关注参数

alter system set "_use_single_log_writer"='true' scope=spfile;

alter system set "_sys_logon_delay"=0 scope=spfile;

alter system set pga_aggregate_target=8G scope=spfile;

alter system set pga_aggregate_limit=16G scope=spfile;

 

3.3统计信息收集作业

 

--每月20号，晚21点开始全库统计信息收集，持续最大时间240分钟，并发2

BEGIN

sys.dbms_scheduler.create_job(

job_name => '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"',

job_type => 'PLSQL_BLOCK',

job_action => 'begin

  DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DATABASE_STATS ();

end;',

repeat_interval => 'FREQ=MONTHLY;BYMONTHDAY=20;BYHOUR=21;BYMINUTE=0;BYSECOND=0',

start_date => to_timestamp_tz('2021-11-14 Asia/Shanghai', 'YYYY-MM-DD TZR'),

job_class => '"DEFAULT_JOB_CLASS"',

comments => 'gather database stats on every month20-21:00:00,maxrun-240min,degree=2',

auto_drop => FALSE,

enabled => FALSE);

sys.dbms_scheduler.set_attribute( name => '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"', attribute => 'max_run_duration', value => numtodsinterval(240, 'minute'));

sys.dbms_scheduler.set_attribute( name => '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"', attribute => 'job_weight', value => 2);

sys.dbms_scheduler.enable( '"SYS"."GATHER_DB_STATS"' );

END;

/

 

 

3.4sqlnet.ora调优

注：rac集群以grid用户为准，单机以oracle用户为准

cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/

vi sqlnet.ora

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=9

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=9

 

3.5数据文件调优

set linesize 500 pagesize 500

col name format a60

select file#,bytes/1024/1024||'M',name from v$datafile;

alter database datafile 3 resize 20G;

alter database datafile 3 autoextend on;

alter database datafile 5 resize 20G;

alter database datafile 5 autoextend on;




set linesize 500 pagesize 500

col name format a60

select file#,bytes/1024/1024||'M',name from v$tempfile;

alter database tempfile 1 resize 20G;

alter database tempfile 1 autoextend off;

 

 

3.6集群调优

--禁用chm

crsctl modify res ora.crf -attr "AUTO_START=never" -init

crsctl modify res ora.crf -attr "ENABLED=0" -init

crsctl stop res ora.crf -init




--禁用TFA

tfactl disable

/etc/init.d/init.tfa  shutdown

 

 

 

 

附录一 参数说明

 

1、开启force logging

alter database force logging;

2、开启最小附加日志

alter database add supplemental log data;

3、关闭数据库标准审计

alter system set audit_trail=none scope=spfile;

4、设置会话缓存游标数500

alter system set session_cached_cursors=500 scope=spfile;

5、设置打开游标数1000

alter system set open_cursors=1000 scope=spfile;

6、设置undo保留时间1800秒

alter system set undo_retention=1800;

7、关闭自动空间管理作业

exec DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE(client_name => 'auto space advisor',operation => NULL,window_name => NULL);

8、关闭sql自动优化作业

exec DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE(client_name => 'sql tuning advisor',operation => NULL,window_name => NULL);

9、设置密码永不过期

ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED;

10、设置密码认证失败次数无限制

ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS UNLIMITED;

11、关闭段延迟创建特性

alter system set deferred_segment_creation=false scope=both;

12、禁用resouce manager特性

文档 ID 2020931.1、文档 ID 1373600.1、文档 ID 1195614.1适用于解决11.1~11.2 rm引起的bug

ID 1331309.1 适用于解决10.2之后rm引起的bug

alter system set "_resource_manager_always_off"=true scope=spfile;

alter system set resource_manager_plan='';

13、关闭DRM特性

文档 ID 14588746.8、文档 ID 11875294.8、文档 ID 13457582.8、文档 ID 12777508.8、文档 ID 13583561.8、文档 ID 13397104.8、文档 ID 12834027.8、文档 ID 14409183.8、文档 ID 1946125.1适用于11.1~11.2引起的bug，12.1版本已解决bug

文档 ID 18280813.8 适用于11.2~12.2 引起的bug，12.2.0.1已解决bug

alter system set "_gc_policy_time"=0 scope=spfile;

alter system set "_gc_undo_affinity"=false scope=spfile;

alter system set "_gc_read_mostly_locking"=false scope=spfile;

14、并行优化

alter system set PARALLEL_FORCE_LOCAL=true scope=spfile;

alter system set parallel_max_servers=16;

15、优化器成本估算参数优化(仅针对典型OLTP系统使用)

alter system set optimizer_index_cost_adj=10;

alter system set optimizer_index_caching=100;

16、禁用lgwr模式自适应

文档 ID 27143321.8 适用于19.1之前版本引起的bug

alter system set "_use_adaptive_log_file_sync"=false;

17、undo管理调优

文档 ID 2314796.1 介绍了即使12c禁用改参数，v$undostat仍然更新的新特性

ORA-1555 reported inspite of high undo_retention and enough UNDO space. (Doc ID 1574714.1)

alter system set "_undo_autotune"=false;

18、回滚调优

alter system set FAST_START_PARALLEL_ROLLBACK='HIGH';

alter system set "_cleanup_rollback_entries"=400 scope=spfile ;

19、优化器新特性调优

--禁用绑定变量窥测

alter system set "_optim_peek_user_binds"=FALSE scope=both;

 

--关闭feedback特性

alter system set "_optimizer_use_feedback"=false scope=both;

 

--关闭游标自适应特性

alter system set "_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing_rel"=none scope=both;

alter system set "_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing"=none scope= both;

alter system set "_optimizer_adaptive_cursor_sharing"=false scope= both;

20、event调优

--禁用SMON OFFLINE UNDO SEGS (10511 event)

--禁用密码登录延迟认证特性 (28401 event)，12c及以后版本28401 event对密码登录延迟认证特性不再生效，需使用”_sys_logon_delay”参数进行特性关闭！！！

 

alter system set event='10511 trace name context forever,level 1:28401 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1' scope=spfile;




alter system set "_sys_logon_delay"=0 scope=spfile;

21、禁用全局事务

alter system set "_clusterwide_global_transactions"=false  scope=spfile;

22、关闭直接路径读新特性

alter system set "_serial_direct_read"=never;

23、设置数据文件最大数

alter system set db_files=2000 scope=spfile;

24、设置最大进程数

alter system set processes=3000 scope=spfile;

25、调整ASM实例SGA

alter system set sga_max_size=2G scope=spfile;

alter system set sga_target=2G scope=spfile;

 

26、禁用bloom filter功能

alter system set  "_bloom_filter_enabled"=FALSE ;

27、设置SQL多版本无效参数

当SQL子游标版本达到200时，不再进行软解析，而是舍弃所有游标，重新解析

alter system set "_cursor_obsolete_threshold"=200 scope=spfile;

28、指定JOB最大进程数100

alter system set job_queue_processes=100 scope=spfile;

29、设置数据库SGA大小，开启ASMM

alter system set sga_max_size=200G scope=spfile;

alter system set sga_target=100G scope=spfile;

--30、取消大小写敏感(已忽略，不作调整)

alter system set SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON=false scope=both;

31、禁用_b_tree_bitmap_plans

alter system set "_b_tree_bitmap_plans"=false;

32、禁用12c新特性lgwr多进程

Lgwr多进程会导致严重的log file sync，将该新特性禁用，改回12c版本之前的单lgwr进程工作模式

alter system set "_use_single_log_writer"='true' scope=spfile;

 

33、禁用12c scm0进程

12.2 RAC DB Background process SCM0 consuming excessive CPU (Doc ID 2373451.1)

 

alter system set "_dlm_stats_collect" = 0 scope = spfile sid = '*';

 



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