centos7 封装ks文件到iso
2022/2/11 7:12:37
本文主要是介绍centos7 封装ks文件到iso,对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值,需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧!
一、步骤整理
1、挂载镜像
mkdir /mnt/cdrom mount -o loop CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso /mnt/cdrom
2、安装工具
yum -y install anaconda createrepo mkisofs rsync syslinux
3、 同步/mnt/cdrom/下的文件到/ISO/路径下,除了Packages和repodata文件夹
/usr/bin/rsync -a --exclude=Packages/ --exclude=repodata/ /mnt/cdrom/ /ISO/
4、 在/ISO/文件夹下新建Packages和repodata文件夹
mkdir -p /ISO/{Packages,repodata}
5、cp 全部 rpm 包
# 以下内容为,缩减rpm包数量,减少不必须的安装文件 # 问题:这类做法安装时提示--Error Checking Software Selection--导致安装失败 # 预估为安装包不完整,当把/mnt/cdrom/Packages下全部的rpm包放到/ISO/Packages中,安装完成 cat > copy_rpm.sh <<EOF #!/bin/bash cd /root rpm -qa > package.txt DVD='/mnt/cdrom/Packages' NEW_DVD='/ISO/Packages' while read LINE do cp \${DVD}/\${LINE}*.rpm /\${NEW_DVD} || echo "\$LINE don't cp......." done < package.txt rm -rf package.txt EOF chmod +x copy_rpm.sh ./copy_rpm.sh # 全部rpm包 ###定制化安装docker、ansible,把相关的离线依赖rpm包也移动到/ISO/Packages/ cp /mnt/cdrom/Packages/* /ISO/Packages/
6、制作ks文件
[root@root isolinux]#cat ks.cfg auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 # Use CDROM installation media cdrom # Use graphical install graphical # Run the Setup Agent on first boot firstboot --enable ignoredisk --only-use=sda # Keyboard layouts keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us' # System language lang en_US.UTF-8 # Network information network --bootproto=static --device=ens33 --gateway=192.168.40.2 --ip=192.168.40.118 --nameserver=114.114.114.114 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --ipv6=auto --activate ##指定网卡静态IP信息 network --hostname=moqi # Root password rootpw moqi!233 user --groups=wheel --name=op_admin --password=123456 --gecos="op_admin" selinux --disabled firewall --disabled # System services services --disabled="chronyd" # System timezone timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp # 设置时区 # System bootloader configuration bootloader --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda # 选择磁盘分区 # Partition clearing information clearpart --none --initlabel # Disk partitioning information #part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=65536 #part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=500 #part /boot/efi --fstype="efi" --ondisk=sda --size=500 --fsoptions="umask=0077,shortname=winnt" #part /usr/local --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=102400 #part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=102400 #part /home --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=51200 #part /var --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1 --grow # 剩余全部给 /var下 part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1024 part /boot/efi --fstype="efi" --ondisk=sda --size=500 part pv.1 --fstype="lvmpv" --ondisk=sda --size=1 --grow --asprimary volgroup rootvg --pesize=4096 pv.1 logvol swap --fstype="swap" --size=16384 --name=lv02 --vgname=rootvg logvol / --fstype="xfs" --size=1 --grow --name=lv01 --vgname=rootvg logvol /home --fstype="xfs" --size=20480 --grow --name=lv03 --vgname=rootvg %packages @^minimal @core ansible docker-ce-19.03.6 kexec-tools %end %addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto' %end %anaconda pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty %end %post --nochroot $SNIPPET('log_ks_post_nochroot') %end %post #config sudo nopasswd echo "op_admin ALL = (ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" > /etc/sudoers.d/op_admin sed -ri "/secure_path/c\Defaults secure_path = /usr/local/share/miniconda3/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin" /etc/sudoers #config sshd sed -ri "/^#UseDNS/c\UseDNS no" /etc/ssh/sshd_config sed -ri "/^GSSAPIAuthentication/c\GSSAPIAuthentication no" /etc/ssh/sshd_config #sed -ri "/^PasswordAuthentication/c\PasswordAuthentication no" /etc/ssh/sshd_config #sed -ri "s@ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes@ChallengeResponseAuthentication no@g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config #ssh key echo -e '\n' | ssh-keygen -t rsa -N '' echo 'ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCoc5j97eTfqIJcsTxqyGd8HU5VDIkxuD0P2kueZH62IeX7oOSQ3hAMWMDR219GJStu30Y1bv6b1MEmYxDmTTGgbWYH/AvDeAXUBfmAMR/+IiqNRNsSph4Ny04KYc+qL+PZLYnhUMlQJCB8Q7FkQUMGUKrZYfxvy1HLbsNsNojlz/gwMuJ6prPivvO7xNo88hqr44QWIMwtNPtFg1PRiz2VfMJbdCDL0O4RommqlZnFB0d8KTvm4FqawhNZqhNTcQfgIoTP5DVE2JXHdTE6cXXHHIqEji78AFD+3yeHvFx/VVJRsT5T/GTk4DsKoBXzN+vzQdSUBxQZ/t0QHp8X1fVt shenlel@localhost' > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys echo 'ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDGZCIocYuZu8QrqeYxq2yiPrdN+kEK4iBt+llVdnYXK+62y1FisabYI/UwcvQ+gsNKjEnZLYhFVMbBUfJxYTVqO70kcW1kXzuP/vFBjM5k/VJy7/BrmnA1svFPxsWkmB1lu01QihSkxBTlB6AQFrfBduDtI4Yrmh3cuHEKDbpUJsHYA7JSyuIxGtCz1Qikv6L02j/NIny6X8FfWVwYz8FiwLVH7LrIuSPgESbqHwx9x/l3e6Z5KFQoxUy8QNy7vZVVWLiwJ6655SilwpOTR/a6BLyl94g5Fi7EytWPpIP+VoH7STLjXu7Emq8gZhK48CvTNR/locZg6OMCmr+0I/xn kp-2m3b3h9f' >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys echo 'ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCspH8koTOWHD1hOsHGv5LYzHQWs/bN4wyvXXF16X/ZFNNMngwgaFpZq2p8Y1pKiSIoQ9/ePROPBNV/Xs5TQFej8QMud9lmLfM0x9VoyYRNVIDbgOegduNVkT0n3Xw3HR+y5MpuS26aHaLs9bjJ1IsxlPj9dXH5WfV2Zqa+63uldtsAxCsU0CJ4yBIHjtW5q4PAlDKLwc8ylGEdN/kenkuBE98oOfks0h1yQnXvo5zgWxr/uV3usClwvlZ7IacS23G66dehHOHaso6Zl9dLjqKtXxvfp19kY9GnTqR5TAEBDV8ElNJaqSWfdffpLLOMbgvpDMUub9gIEFNcL/Pxqszd xinhuitian@XinhuiTiandeMacBook-Pro.local' >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys chmod 0600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys cp -r /root/.ssh /home/op_admin/.ssh chown -R op_admin.op_admin /home/op_admin/.ssh # manager yum repo rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-* #yum install -y gdisk nmap-ncat xfsprogs docker-ce-19.03.6 docker-ce-cli-19.03.6 nfs-utils dkms kernel-devel mcelog # manager user groups usermod -aG docker op_admin # manager service systemctl enable docker && systemctl restart docker # config chrony: chrony server 172.16.0.1 sed -ri "/0.centos.pool.ntp.org/c\server 10.1.1.3 iburst prefer" /etc/chrony.conf sed -ri "/centos.pool.ntp.org/d" /etc/chrony.conf # mount mkdir /opt/home && mkdir /mnt/{nfs,ssd,data} #sgdisk --zap-all /dev/sdb #sgdisk -n 0:0:0 --mbrtogpt -- /dev/sdb #sgdisk --zap-all /dev/sdc #sgdisk -n 0:0:0 --mbrtogpt -- /dev/sdc #partprobe #mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 #mkfs.xfs /dev/sdc1 #SDBUUID=$(blkid | grep -E '/dev/sdb1' | awk '{print $2}') #SDCUUID=$(blkid | grep -E '/dev/sdc1' | awk '{print $2}') #echo -e "${SDBUUID} /mnt/data xfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab #echo -e "${SDCUUID} /mnt/ssd xfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab #echo '10.1.1.2:/mnt/ssd1/nfs/groups/test/home /opt/home nfs defaults,_netdev 0 0' >> /etc/fstab #echo '10.1.1.2:/mnt/data/nfs/public /mnt/nfs nfs defaults,_netdev 0 0' >> /etc/fstab %end %post echo " " >> /etc/motd echo " ▄████▄ ██░ ██ ▓█████ ███▄ █ ▄▄▄██▀▀▀██▓▄▄▄ ███▄ █ " >> /etc/motd echo "▒██▀ ▀█ ▓██░ ██▒▓█ ▀ ██ ▀█ █ ▒██ ▓██▒████▄ ██ ▀█ █ " >> /etc/motd echo "▒▓█ ▄ ▒██▀▀██░▒███ ▓██ ▀█ ██▒ ░██ ▒██▒██ ▀█▄ ▓██ ▀█ ██▒" >> /etc/motd echo "▒▓▓▄ ▄██▒░▓█ ░██ ▒▓█ ▄▓██▒ ▐▌██▒▓██▄██▓ ░██░██▄▄▄▄██▓██▒ ▐▌██▒" >> /etc/motd echo "▒ ▓███▀ ░░▓█▒░██▓░▒████▒██░ ▓██░ ▓███▒ ░██░▓█ ▓██▒██░ ▓██░" >> /etc/motd echo "░ ░▒ ▒ ░ ▒ ░░▒░▒░░ ▒░ ░ ▒░ ▒ ▒ ▒▓▒▒░ ░▓ ▒▒ ▓▒█░ ▒░ ▒ ▒ " >> /etc/motd echo " ░ ▒ ▒ ░▒░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░░ ░ ▒░ ▒ ░▒░ ▒ ░ ▒ ▒▒ ░ ░░ ░ ▒░" >> /etc/motd echo "░ ░ ░░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ▒ ░ ░ ▒ ░ ░ ░ " >> /etc/motd echo "░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ ░ " >> /etc/motd echo "░ " >> /etc/motd echo " " >> /etc/motd %end %post --nochroot cp /run/install/repo/game_driver/* /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin chmod 755 /mnt/sysimage/root/game-7d5.1.bin %end reboot
7、更改三个文件,指定镜像标签和KS文件,都是在镜像挂载目录
修改isolinux.cfg
cd /ISO/isolinux chmod 644 isolinux.cfg vi isolinux.cfg
修改的部分内容如下:
label linux menu label ^Install moqi-CentOS7.9 kernel vmlinuz append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS7 inst.ks=cdrom:/isolinux/ks.cfg quiet
-
inst.ks为ks.cfg文件位置;
-
inst.stage2为安装介质位置,hd:LABEL为介质标签,例如CentOS7。这个和后续生成ISO镜像文件的命令genisoimage的参数
-V
有关。 -
modprobe.blacklist=nouveau; 禁用nouveau驱动安装,用于NVIDIA驱动的安装准备工作;
-
net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0; 用于禁用centos7的”一致性网络设备命名法”.
chmod 444 isolinux.cfg
修改 /ISO/isolinux/grub.conf
#debug --graphics default=1 splashimage=@SPLASHPATH@ timeout 60 hiddenmenu title Install CentOS 7 findiso kernel @KERNELPATH@ @ROOT@ quiet inst.ks=cdrom:/isolinux/ks.cfg initrd @INITRDPATH@ title Test this media & install CentOS 7 findiso kernel @KERNELPATH@ @ROOT@ rd.live.check quiet initrd @INITRDPATH@
修改 /ISO/EFI/BOOT/grub.cfg
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'Install CentOS 7' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { linuxefi /images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.ks=hd:LABEL=CentOS7:/isolinux/ks.cfg inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS7 quiet initrdefi /images/pxeboot/initrd.img }
8、制作comps.xml文件
cp /mnt/cdrom/repodata/*-minimal-x86_64-comps.xml /ISO/comps.xml
添加定制rpm安装包
<group> <id>chenjianrpm</id> <name>chenjianrpm</name> <name xml:lang="af">chenjianrpm</name> <name xml:lang="am">chenjianrpm ቦታ</name> <name xml:lang="ar">chenjianrpm</name> <name xml:lang="as">chenjianrpm</name> <name xml:lang="bal">chenjianrpm</name> ... <name xml:lang="tr">chenjianrpm</name> <name xml:lang="uk">chenjianrpm</name> <name xml:lang="ur">chenjianrpm</name> <name xml:lang="vi">chenjianrpm</name> <name xml:lang="zh_CN">chenjianrpm</name> <name xml:lang="zh_TW">chenjianrpm</name> <description>installation chenjianrpm sofeware.</description> <description xml:lang="as">installation chenjianrpm sofeware</description> <description xml:lang="bn">installation chenjianrpm sofeware</description> <description xml:lang="bn_IN">installation chenjianrpm sofeware</description> <description xml:lang="cs">installation chenjianrpm sofeware</description> <description xml:lang="de">installation chenjianrpm sofeware</description> ... <description xml:lang="te">installation chenjianrpm sofeware</description> <description xml:lang="uk">Мinstallation chenjianrpm sofeware</description> <description xml:lang="zh_CN">installation chenjianrpm sofeware</description> <description xml:lang="zh_TW">installation chenjianrpm sofeware</description> <default>false</default> <uservisible>false</uservisible> <packagelist> <packagereq type="default">PyYAML</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">ansible</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">libtomcrypt</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">libtommath</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">libyaml</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">openssl</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">openssl-libs</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">python-babe</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">python-setuptools</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">python-six</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">python2-crypto</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">python2-cryptography</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">python2-pyasn1</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">sshpass</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">libselinux</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">libselinux-python</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">libselinux-utils</packagereq> </packagelist> </group>
omps文件以
group
来区分包,以environment
来区分环境,例如centos的mini版本为minimal
,其核心包为core
。类似于其格式,可定制自己的rpm包,建立自己的group id
和name
,包含自己的language
及描述,最重要的是packagelist
,类型default
为默认的,mandatory
为强制的。将定制的rpm安装包放到/ISO/Packages/
中。这里需要注意rpm包的依赖性,可以通过以下命令来获得依赖,例如以下需要perl
安装rpm,然后同样添加到comps.xml
中
最后在minimal环境中添加定制的groupid
<environment> <id>minimal</id> <name>Minimal Install</name> <name xml:lang="as">নূন্যতম ইনস্টল</name> ... <description xml:lang="zh_CN">基本功能。</description> <description xml:lang="zh_TW">基本功能。</description> <display_order>5</display_order> <grouplist> <groupid>core</groupid> <groupid>core</groupid> <groupid>chenjianrpm</groupid> </grouplist> </environment>
由comps.xml生成repodata包。注意当有新包加入,或者更新comps.xml
文件,均需要重新生成repodata文件夹
cd /ISO createrepo -g comps.xml . Spawning worker 0 with 17 pkgs Spawning worker 1 with 17 pkgs Workers Finished Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata Generating sqlite DBs Sqlite DBs complete
9、制作ISO文件
genisoimage -joliet-long -V CentOS7 -o CentOS7-moqi-v2.iso -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -R -J -v -cache-inodes -T -eltorito-alt-boot -e images/efiboot.img -no-emul-boot /ISO/
10、Hybird模式
采用“hybird模式”(混合模式),操作系统可以直接刻录成物理光盘,也可以直接做成可引导的U盘。
isohybrid -v CentOS7-moqi-v2.iso
二、可用案例
#version=DEVEL # System authorization information auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 # Use CDROM installation media cdrom # Use graphical install graphical # Run the Setup Agent on first boot firstboot --enable ignoredisk --only-use=sda # Keyboard layouts keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us' # System language lang en_US.UTF-8 # Network information network --bootproto=static --device=ens33 --gateway=192.168.40.254 --ip=192.168.40.118 --nameserver=114.114.114.114 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --ipv6=auto --activate ##指定网卡静态IP信息 network --hostname=moqi # Root password rootpw 1qazXSW2 # System services services --disabled="chronyd" # System timezone timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp # 设置时区 # System bootloader configuration bootloader --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda # 选择磁盘分区 # Partition clearing information clearpart --none --initlabel # Disk partitioning information #part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=65536 #part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=500 #part /boot/efi --fstype="efi" --ondisk=sda --size=500 --fsoptions="umask=0077,shortname=winnt" #part /usr/local --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=102400 #part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=102400 #part /home --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=51200 #part /var --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1 --grow # 剩余全部给 /var下 part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=500 part /boot/efi --fstype="efi" --ondisk=sda --size=500 part pv.1 --fstype="lvmpv" --ondisk=sda --size=1 --grow --asprimary volgroup rootvg --pesize=4096 pv.1 logvol swap --fstype="swap" --size=16384 --name=lv02 --vgname=rootvg logvol / --fstype="xfs" --size=1 --grow --name=lv01 --vgname=rootvg %packages # 安装软件应用 @^minimal @core kexec-tools %end %addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto' %end %anaconda pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty %end reboot
CentOS7全自动安装光盘制作详解 - 云+社区 - 腾讯云 (tencent.com)
定制个自己的CentOS7系统 - 陈健的博客 | ChenJian Blog (o-my-chenjian.com)
ks应答文件模板_King config-CSDN博客
centos7图形化分区和ks文件分区的配置_weixin_34234829的博客-CSDN博客 分区很重要
Kickstart Installations :: CentOS Docs Site
CentOS7全自动安装光盘制作详解 - out8 - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)
Plugin.auto_install . Ventoy
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