Ubuntu 16.04 通过 CMake 编译 Grpc C++ 项目
2022/2/12 7:18:03
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注:参考代码取自 grpc 源码目录下的 examples\cpp\helloworld
1. 安装 protoc 工具
- 下载 Grpc_v1.43.0_SetupFile.zip 文件,解压到任意目录
下载链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1HYjfQb8CQY56QF2iAGmBNw
提取码:grg0 - 将解压后的 Grpc_v1.43.0_SetupFile/bin 中 的 protoc(文本文件,记录了版本信息)重命名为 protoc.version,然后将 protoc-3.18.1.0(可执行程序)拷贝一下并重命名为 protoc
注:原 protoc-3.18.1.0 文件也是需要用的,不能直接重命名。 - 将 protoc 拷贝安装到 /usr/local/bin
在 Grpc_v1.43.0_SetupFile 目录打开终端,执行命令如下:
chmod +x bin/* sudo cp -r . /usr/local/
2. 通过 protoc 生成 c++ 代码
- 新建空文件夹 grpc_cpp_demo,在文件夹中创建 helloworld.proto 文件,示例如下:
// Copyright 2015 gRPC authors. // // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. syntax = "proto3"; option java_multiple_files = true; option java_package = "io.grpc.examples.helloworld"; option java_outer_classname = "HelloWorldProto"; option objc_class_prefix = "HLW"; package helloworld; // The greeting service definition. service Greeter { // Sends a greeting rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {} } // The request message containing the user's name. message HelloRequest { string name = 1; } // The response message containing the greetings message HelloReply { string message = 1; }
View Code - 生成 Protobuf 消息
protoc --cpp_out=./ helloworld.proto
- 生成 grpc 客户端和服务器
protoc --grpc_out=./ --plugin=protoc-gen-grpc=grpc_cpp_plugin helloworld.proto
3. 编写客户端/服务器实现自定义业务逻辑
- 新建文件 greeter_server.cc 来编写服务器端相关代码,示例文件如下:
/* * * Copyright 2015 gRPC authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * */ #include <iostream> #include <memory> #include <string> #include <grpcpp/grpcpp.h> #include <grpcpp/health_check_service_interface.h> #include <grpcpp/ext/proto_server_reflection_plugin.h> #ifdef BAZEL_BUILD #include "examples/protos/helloworld.grpc.pb.h" #else #include "helloworld.grpc.pb.h" #endif using grpc::Server; using grpc::ServerBuilder; using grpc::ServerContext; using grpc::Status; using helloworld::HelloRequest; using helloworld::HelloReply; using helloworld::Greeter; // Logic and data behind the server's behavior. class GreeterServiceImpl final : public Greeter::Service { Status SayHello(ServerContext* context, const HelloRequest* request, HelloReply* reply) override { std::string prefix("Hello "); reply->set_message(prefix + request->name()); return Status::OK; } }; void RunServer() { std::string server_address("0.0.0.0:50051"); GreeterServiceImpl service; grpc::EnableDefaultHealthCheckService(true); grpc::reflection::InitProtoReflectionServerBuilderPlugin(); ServerBuilder builder; // Listen on the given address without any authentication mechanism. builder.AddListeningPort(server_address, grpc::InsecureServerCredentials()); // Register "service" as the instance through which we'll communicate with // clients. In this case it corresponds to an *synchronous* service. builder.RegisterService(&service); // Finally assemble the server. std::unique_ptr<Server> server(builder.BuildAndStart()); std::cout << "Server listening on " << server_address << std::endl; // Wait for the server to shutdown. Note that some other thread must be // responsible for shutting down the server for this call to ever return. server->Wait(); } int main(int argc, char** argv) { RunServer(); return 0; }
View Code - 新建文件 greeter_client.cc 来编写客户端相关代码,示例文件如下:
/* * * Copyright 2015 gRPC authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * */ #include <iostream> #include <memory> #include <string> #include <grpcpp/grpcpp.h> #ifdef BAZEL_BUILD #include "examples/protos/helloworld.grpc.pb.h" #else #include "helloworld.grpc.pb.h" #endif using grpc::Channel; using grpc::ClientContext; using grpc::Status; using helloworld::HelloRequest; using helloworld::HelloReply; using helloworld::Greeter; class GreeterClient { public: GreeterClient(std::shared_ptr<Channel> channel) : stub_(Greeter::NewStub(channel)) {} // Assembles the client's payload, sends it and presents the response back // from the server. std::string SayHello(const std::string& user) { // Data we are sending to the server. HelloRequest request; request.set_name(user); // Container for the data we expect from the server. HelloReply reply; // Context for the client. It could be used to convey extra information to // the server and/or tweak certain RPC behaviors. ClientContext context; // The actual RPC. Status status = stub_->SayHello(&context, request, &reply); // Act upon its status. if (status.ok()) { return reply.message(); } else { std::cout << status.error_code() << ": " << status.error_message() << std::endl; return "RPC failed"; } } private: std::unique_ptr<Greeter::Stub> stub_; }; int main(int argc, char** argv) { // Instantiate the client. It requires a channel, out of which the actual RPCs // are created. This channel models a connection to an endpoint specified by // the argument "--target=" which is the only expected argument. // We indicate that the channel isn't authenticated (use of // InsecureChannelCredentials()). std::string target_str; std::string arg_str("--target"); if (argc > 1) { std::string arg_val = argv[1]; size_t start_pos = arg_val.find(arg_str); if (start_pos != std::string::npos) { start_pos += arg_str.size(); if (arg_val[start_pos] == '=') { target_str = arg_val.substr(start_pos + 1); } else { std::cout << "The only correct argument syntax is --target=" << std::endl; return 0; } } else { std::cout << "The only acceptable argument is --target=" << std::endl; return 0; } } else { target_str = "localhost:50051"; } GreeterClient greeter(grpc::CreateChannel( target_str, grpc::InsecureChannelCredentials())); std::string user("world"); std::string reply = greeter.SayHello(user); std::cout << "Greeter received: " << reply << std::endl; return 0; }
View Code
4. 通过 CMake 编译项目
- 编写 CMakeLists.txt,示例如下:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5) project(grpc_cpp_demo LANGUAGES CXX) set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11) set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON) #添加 Protobuf 和 gRPC 三方库 find_package(Threads REQUIRED) find_package(Protobuf CONFIG REQUIRED) find_package(gRPC CONFIG REQUIRED) set(_GRPC_GRPCPP gRPC::grpc++) set(_GRPC_REFLECTION gRPC::grpc++_reflection) set(_PROTOBUF_LIBPROTOBUF protobuf::libprotobuf) message(STATUS "Using gRPC ${gRPC_VERSION}") message(STATUS "Using protobuf ${Protobuf_VERSION}") #生成可执行文件 foreach(_target greeter_client greeter_server) add_executable(${_target} ${_target}.cc helloworld.grpc.pb.cc helloworld.grpc.pb.h helloworld.pb.cc helloworld.pb.h) target_link_libraries(${_target} ${_GRPC_GRPCPP} ${_GRPC_REFLECTION} ${_PROTOBUF_LIBPROTOBUF}) endforeach()
View Code - 编译项目
mkdir -p cmake/build pushd cmake/build cmake ../.. make -j popd
5. 运行项目
- 在目录 grpc_cpp_demo/cmake/build 打开 2 个终端,分别运行如下命令
./greeter_server
./greeter_client
- 执行结果如下图所示:
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