linux练习加笔记

2022/3/22 7:28:00

本文主要是介绍linux练习加笔记,对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值,需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧!

生成测试数据

for i in {1..40};do echo $(expr $RANDOM / 1000 ) ;done> t1.txt

[rootlocalhost ~~10:44:22]#for i in {1..40};do echo $(expr $RANDOM / 1000 ) ;done> t1.txt
[rootlocalhost ~~10:48:32]#ll 
total 45088
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root        0 Mar 14 16:58 1.log
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root       20 Mar 19 15:03 1.tar
drw--w---x.  2 root root        6 Mar 17 18:05 333
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root     3650 Oct 19 07:55 404.html
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root        6 Mar 17 18:05 555
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root     1991 Mar 17 15:08 all_nginx.tgz
-rw-------.  1 root root     1265 Mar  2 15:41 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   760975 Mar 19 14:57 -C
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root     2523 Dec 26  2020 Centos-7.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root      173 Mar 14 12:10 chaoge666.txt
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root       90 Mar 12 20:51 chaoge666.txt.1
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root       52 Mar 19 21:34 chaoge.gz
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root      121 Mar 19 21:41 chaoge.tar
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root     1113 Mar 19 18:55 chaoge,tar.gz
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 42490252 Mar 19 14:56 chaoge.tar.gz
-rwxr--r--.  1 root root       18 Mar 19 14:01 first.py
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root       27 Mar 19 14:11 my_first.py
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root      368 Oct 19 07:55 nginx-logo.png
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root      105 Mar 21 10:48 t1.txt
drwxrwxr-x. 13 root root     4096 Mar 29  2021 tengine-2.3.3
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  2848144 Mar 29  2021 yuchao_data.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root      166 Mar 17 15:09 鸡汤.txt
[rootlocalhost ~~10:48:44]#临时
-bash: 临时: command not found
[rootlocalhost ~~10:48:57]#ls 
1.log  333       555            anaconda-ks.cfg  Centos-7.repo  chaoge666.txt.1  chaoge.tar     chaoge.tar.gz  my_first.py     t1.txt         yuchao_data.tar.gz
1.tar  404.html  all_nginx.tgz  -C               chaoge666.txt  chaoge.gz        chaoge,tar.gz  first.py       nginx-logo.png  tengine-2.3.3  鸡汤.txt

读取文件内容且倒叙排序

[rootlocalhost ~~10:48:59]#cat t1.txt | sort -rn
31
30
30
29
29
28
27
26
25
25
23
21
19
19
19
18
17
16
14
13
13
13
12
10
10
9
9
9
8
8
8
6
5
5
3
3
2
1
1
0

读取文件内容,排序,再统计重复行的次数

[rootlocalhost ~~10:50:07]#cat t1.txt | sort -rn | uniq -c
      1 31
      2 30
      2 29
      1 28
      1 27
      1 26
      2 25
      1 23
      1 21
      3 19
      1 18
      1 17
      1 16
      1 14
      3 13
      1 12
      2 10
      3 9
      3 8
      1 6
      2 5
      2 3
      1 2
      2 1
      1 0

统计文件一共有多少行

[rootlocalhost ~~10:50:57]#cat t1.txt | wc -l
40

指定dns服务器地址为 223.5.5.5 ,进行域名解析,找出 4399.com的ip地址是多少

[rootlocalhost ~~11:02:20]#ping 223.5.5.5 4399.com
PING 4399.com (129.211.129.109) 56(124) bytes of data.

scp练习

练习1

把机器1的 /var/log/messages ,远程拷贝到机器2的/opt/下

[rootlocalhost ~~10:52:05]#spc /var/log/messages  root@192.168.0.162:/opt/
-bash: spc: command not found
[rootlocalhost ~~10:52:48]#scp /var/log/messages  root@192.168.0.162:/opt/
The authenticity of host '192.168.0.162 (192.168.0.162)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:hh3rWZidWEDPOxoVsnTnVLoY/mbnJbnEeugh1AxccNc.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:8e:97:61:ba:b2:d0:18:ca:6e:4a:a6:47:98:7e:4a:96.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.162' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.0.162's password: 
messages                                      100%  144KB  11.2MB/s   00:00    

把机器1的 /var/log/,远程拷贝到机器2的/opt/下

[rootlocalhost ~~10:53:46]#scp -r /var/log/  root@192.168.0.162:/opt/
root@192.168.0.162's password: 
tallylog                                      100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
grubby_prune_debug                            100%  193    80.3KB/s   00:00    
lastlog                                       100%  572KB  17.4MB/s   00:00    
btmp                                          100% 5376     2.3MB/s   00:00    
wtmp                                          100%   65KB  12.3MB/s   00:00    
tuned.log                                     100%   21KB   5.1MB/s   00:00    
audit.log                                     100% 1848KB  31.0MB/s   00:00    
anaconda.log                                  100%   46KB   7.1MB/s   00:00    
syslog                                        100%  274KB  22.1MB/s   00:00    
X.log                                         100%   20KB   7.3MB/s   00:00    
program.log                                   100%   32KB   6.6MB/s   00:00    
packaging.log                                 100%  199KB  19.8MB/s   00:00    
storage.log                                   100%  106KB  19.2MB/s   00:00    
ifcfg.log                                     100% 3398     1.3MB/s   00:00    
ks-script-7RbHrr.log                          100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
ks-script-bPGnrQ.log                          100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
journal.log                                   100% 1570KB  48.0MB/s   00:00    
boot.log                                      100% 9225     3.6MB/s   00:00    
vmware-vgauthsvc.log.0                        100%   22KB   8.5MB/s   00:00    
vmware-vmsvc.log                              100%   27KB   9.4MB/s   00:00    
firewalld                                     100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
dmesg.old                                     100%  123KB  20.2MB/s   00:00    
yum.log                                       100% 8869     2.1MB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220315                             100%   27KB  10.8MB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220316                             100%   18KB   9.0MB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220317                             100% 9113     3.8MB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220318                             100% 9225     4.3MB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220319                             100%   27KB   9.2MB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220320                             100%   54KB  22.3MB/s   00:00    
cron-20220320                                 100%   20KB   9.8MB/s   00:00    
cron                                          100% 1115     1.1MB/s   00:00    
maillog-20220320                              100% 3168     2.1MB/s   00:00    
maillog                                       100%  198   202.2KB/s   00:00    
messages-20220320                             100% 2688KB  66.9MB/s   00:00    
messages                                      100%  144KB  13.6MB/s   00:00    
secure-20220320                               100%   52KB   9.5MB/s   00:00    
secure                                        100% 1368   829.1KB/s   00:00    
spooler-20220320                              100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
spooler                                       100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
dmesg                                         100%  123KB  37.3MB/s   00:00    
[rootlocalhost ~~10:55:04]#

把机器2的 /home文件夹,全部拷贝到机器1 的 /tmp目录下。

[rootlocalhost ~~10:56:11]#scp -r /home/ root@192.168.0.162:/tmp/
root@192.168.0.162's password: 
.bash_logout                                  100%   18     5.5KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193    64.7KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231    16.8KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18     9.4KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193    87.6KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   145.7KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18     9.7KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193   100.0KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   158.3KB/s   00:00    
.bash_history                                 100%   28    12.4KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18     6.4KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193   106.1KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   141.8KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18     9.8KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193    96.5KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   135.9KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18    10.4KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193   136.3KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   120.2KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18    12.0KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193   130.6KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   123.7KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18    10.3KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193   109.2KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   218.8KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18     9.2KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193   107.4KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   133.2KB/s   00:00    
.bash_history                                 100%  924   427.3KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18     8.5KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193   108.8KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   116.3KB/s   00:00    
chaoge01.txt                                  100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
.bash_history                                 100%  143    70.3KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18     9.8KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193   109.0KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231    76.2KB/s   00:00    
.bash_history                                 100%   17     9.7KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18     9.3KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   137.5KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  215    69.6KB/s   00:00    
.viminfo                                      100%  649   330.9KB/s   00:00    
.bash_history                                 100%  339   184.9KB/s   00:00    
suid_cs                                       100%    4     2.0KB/s   00:00    
12.txt                                        100%    4     2.4KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18    10.0KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193    71.8KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   150.5KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18     9.8KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193   122.4KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   116.8KB/s   00:00    
lili.txt                                      100%    4     2.3KB/s   00:00    
.bash_history                                 100%  131    77.2KB/s   00:00    
hellolinux.txt                                100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
.bash_logout                                  100%   18    12.4KB/s   00:00    
.bash_profile                                 100%  193   124.2KB/s   00:00    
.bashrc                                       100%  231   138.9KB/s   00:00    
.bash_history                                 100%   32    18.9KB/s   00:00    
my_first.py                                   100%   41    19.5KB/s   00:00    
[rootlocalhost ~~10:57:00]#

阿里云和linux虚拟机文件传输练习

1.将你本地的/opt下所有数据,发到阿里云的/opt目录下

[rootlocalhost ~~11:01:19]#scp -r /opt/ root@39.107.249.90:/opt/
The authenticity of host '39.107.249.90 (39.107.249.90)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:boGUR0bP+h0vqQ16Hj9c88tPgc1MVCboYW+WbHlGqWs.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:90:89:97:80:79:48:49:50:fa:b4:d0:95:a0:2e:5c:45.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '39.107.249.90' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@39.107.249.90's password: 
messages                                      100%   30KB   2.3MB/s   00:00    
tallylog                                      100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
grubby_prune_debug                            100%  193    35.1KB/s   00:00    
lastlog                                       100%  572KB 963.9KB/s   00:00    
wtmp                                          100%  120KB 833.9KB/s   00:00    
btmp                                          100%   19KB 869.0KB/s   00:00    
tuned.log                                     100%   20KB 600.5KB/s   00:00    
audit.log                                     100% 2652KB 294.0KB/s   00:09    
syslog                                        100%  235KB 483.0KB/s   00:00    
boot.log                                      100% 2399   387.9KB/s   00:00    
vmware-vgauthsvc.log.0                        100%   22KB 901.2KB/s   00:00    
vmware-vmsvc.log                              100%   37KB 134.7KB/s   00:00    
firewalld                                     100% 2126   326.9KB/s   00:00    
dmesg.old                                     100%  120KB 380.6KB/s   00:00    
yum.log                                       100% 8884   206.8KB/s   00:00    
cron-20220306                                 100% 5539   459.9KB/s   00:00    
maillog-20220306                              100%  972   161.1KB/s   00:00    
messages-20220306                             100%  746KB 743.5KB/s   00:01    
secure-20220306                               100%   10KB 825.8KB/s   00:00    
spooler-20220306                              100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220308                             100% 8545   458.9KB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220309                             100% 8428   241.6KB/s   00:00    
error.log-20220311                            100%   29KB 618.6KB/s   00:00    
error.log                                     100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
access.log-20220311.gz                        100%  920   159.4KB/s   00:00    
access.log-20220320                           100%   14     2.4KB/s   00:00    
access.log                                    100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220310                             100% 8488   130.0KB/s   00:00    
test.log                                      100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220313                             100% 8835   474.1KB/s   00:00    
cron-20220313                                 100%   18KB 327.7KB/s   00:00    
maillog-20220313                              100%  984   160.7KB/s   00:00    
messages-20220313                             100% 1056KB 527.8KB/s   00:02    
secure-20220313                               100%   77KB 875.4KB/s   00:00    
spooler-20220313                              100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
1.txt                                         100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
2.txt                                         100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
10.txt                                        100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
3.txt                                         100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
4.txt                                         100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
5.txt                                         100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
6.txt                                         100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
7.txt                                         100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
8.txt                                         100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
9.txt                                         100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
access.txt                                    100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
audit.txt                                     100% 1698KB 564.9KB/s   00:03    
boot.txt                                      100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
error.txt                                     100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
test.txt                                      100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
tuned.txt                                     100%   12KB 712.3KB/s   00:00    
vmware-vmsvc.txt                              100%   21KB 980.0KB/s   00:00    
yum.txt                                       100%  843   135.5KB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220316                             100% 8503   526.2KB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220319                             100%   34KB 978.6KB/s   00:00    
dmesg                                         100%  120KB 653.8KB/s   00:00    
boot.log-20220320                             100%   15KB  22.1KB/s   00:00    
cron-20220320                                 100%   12KB  17.8KB/s   00:00    
cron                                          100% 2738   109.2KB/s   00:00    
maillog-20220320                              100% 1010   162.4KB/s   00:00    
maillog                                       100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
messages-20220320                             100% 1044KB 260.5KB/s   00:04    
messages                                      100%   30KB  56.5KB/s   00:00    
secure-20220320                               100%   46KB 138.2KB/s   00:00    
secure                                        100%   12KB 612.9KB/s   00:00    
spooler-20220320                              100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
spooler                                       100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
[rootlocalhost ~~11:02:20]#


ntp时间服务部署

  • 先理解时间对服务器的重要性
  • 全世界的服务器,时间统一标准,可以以这个为准,cn.ntp.org.cn
  • 学习linux的各种命令,对时间来修改,以及同步

timedaectl

可以修改linux的日期,时间

查看系统中有哪些时区文件

[rootlocalhost ~~16:41:01]#ls /usr/share/zoneinfo/
Africa      Chile    GB         Indian       Mexico    posixrules  Universal
America     CST6CDT  GB-Eire    Iran         MST       PRC         US
Antarctica  Cuba     GMT        iso3166.tab  MST7MDT   PST8PDT     UTC
Arctic      EET      GMT0       Israel       Navajo    right       WET
Asia        Egypt    GMT-0      Jamaica      NZ        ROC         W-SU
Atlantic    Eire     GMT+0      Japan        NZ-CHAT   ROK         zone1970.tab
Australia   EST      Greenwich  Kwajalein    Pacific   Singapore   zone.tab
Brazil      EST5EDT  Hongkong   leapseconds  Poland    Turkey      Zulu
Canada      Etc      HST        Libya        Portugal  tzdata.zi
CET         Europe   Iceland    MET          posix     UCT
[rootlocalhost ~~16:44:38]#ll /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai 
-rw-r--r--. 5 root root 388 Jan 30  2018 /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai
[rootlocalhost ~~16:45:07]#

timedatectl
		date 改时间日期(软件时间,你的系统运行了,程序计算的时间)
		hwclock  改硬件时间(计算的主板上,有一个BISO系统,以及纽扣电池,提供电量)

查看当前时间

[rootlocalhost ~~16:45:07]#timedatectl
      Local time: Mon 2022-03-21 16:47:06 CST
  Universal time: Mon 2022-03-21 08:47:06 UTC
        RTC time: Mon 2022-03-21 08:47:06
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: no
NTP synchronized: no
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[rootlocalhost ~~16:47:06]#

[rootlocalhost ~~16:47:06]#timedatectl status
      Local time: Mon 2022-03-21 16:48:08 CST
  Universal time: Mon 2022-03-21 08:48:08 UTC
        RTC time: Mon 2022-03-21 08:48:08
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: no
NTP synchronized: no
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[rootlocalhost ~~16:48:08]#

修改时间、修改时区

查看系统支持多少个时区
[rootlocalhost ~~16:48:08]#timedatectl list-timezones | wc -l
425
[rootlocalhost ~~16:49:15]#

找出关于上海的时区,具体名字
[rootlocalhost ~~16:49:15]#timedatectl list-timezones | grep -i 'shanghai'
Asia/Shanghai
[rootlocalhost ~~16:50:13]#


ntp时间同步

 强制性更新整个系统的时间,ntpdate,不友好的强制同步时间
 
 搭建ntp服务,自动的,友好的更新,校准系统时间

强制性ntpdate命令

[rootlocalhost ~~16:51:16]#ntpdate -u ntp.aliyun.com
21 Mar 16:53:53 ntpdate[2237]: step time server 203.107.6.88 offset 0.626542 sec
[rootlocalhost ~~16:53:53]#

搭建ntpd服务

查看ntp软件信息

[rootlocalhost ~~16:53:53]#ls /usr/lib/systemd/system/ |grep ntp
ntpdate.service
ntpd.service
[rootlocalhost ~~16:55:10]#

找到ntp软件的配置文件
[rootlocalhost ~~16:55:10]#rpm -ql ntp |grep conf
/etc/ntp.conf
/etc/sysconfig/ntpd
/usr/share/man/man5/ntp.conf.5.gz
[rootlocalhost ~~16:55:51]#

修改ntp配置文件
[rootlocalhost ~~16:59:31]#vim /etc/ntp.conf 

# For more information about this file, see the man pages
# ntp.conf(5), ntp_acc(5), ntp_auth(5), ntp_clock(5), ntp_misc(5), ntp_mon(5).

driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift

# Permit time synchronization with our time source, but do not
# permit the source to query or modify the service on this system.
restrict default nomodify notrap nopeer noquery

# Permit all access over the loopback interface.  This could
# be tightened as well, but to do so would effect some of
# the administrative functions.
restrict 127.0.0.1
restrict ::1

# Hosts on local network are less restricted.
#restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap

# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
server ntp.aliyun.com iburst prefer
server cn.pool.ntp.org iburst

#broadcast 192.168.1.255 autokey        # broadcast server
#broadcastclient                        # broadcast client
#broadcast 224.0.1.1 autokey            # multicast server
#multicastclient 224.0.1.1              # multicast client
#manycastserver 239.255.254.254         # manycast server
#manycastclient 239.255.254.254 autokey # manycast client

# Enable public key cryptography.
#crypto

includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw

# Key file containing the keys and key identifiers used when operating
              

修改机器的时间为错误时间

[rootlocalhost ~~17:03:35]#timedatectl set-time '1998-3-5 11:20:00'
[rootlocalhost ~~11:20:00]#timedatectl
      Local time: Thu 1998-03-05 11:20:08 CST
  Universal time: Thu 1998-03-05 03:20:08 UTC
        RTC time: Thu 1998-03-05 03:20:08
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: no
NTP synchronized: no
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[rootlocalhost ~~11:20:08]#

启动ntpd服务,等待时间是否同步
关于ntpd的服务脚本文件/usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service 
[rootlocalhost ~~11:20:08]#systemctl start ntpd
[rootlocalhost ~~11:20:48]#
[rootlocalhost ~~11:20:50]#systemctl status ntpd
● ntpd.service - Network Time Service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 1998-03-05 11:20:48 CST; 24 years 0 months ago
  Process: 2298 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/ntpd -u ntp:ntp $OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 2299 (ntpd)
   CGroup: /system.slice/ntpd.service
           └─2299 /usr/sbin/ntpd -u ntp:ntp -g

Mar 05 11:20:48 localhost.localdomain ntpd[2299]: Listen normally on 3 ens33 ...
Mar 05 11:20:48 localhost.localdomain ntpd[2299]: Listen normally on 4 lo ::1...
Mar 05 11:20:48 localhost.localdomain ntpd[2299]: Listen normally on 5 ens33 ...
Mar 05 11:20:48 localhost.localdomain ntpd[2299]: Listening on routing socket...
Mar 05 11:20:48 localhost.localdomain ntpd[2299]: 0.0.0.0 c016 06 restart
Mar 05 11:20:48 localhost.localdomain ntpd[2299]: 0.0.0.0 c012 02 freq_set ke...
Mar 05 11:20:48 localhost.localdomain ntpd[2299]: 0.0.0.0 c011 01 freq_not_set
Mar 05 11:20:55 localhost.localdomain ntpd[2299]: 0.0.0.0 c61c 0c clock_step ...
Mar 21 17:05:09 localhost.localdomain ntpd[2299]: 0.0.0.0 c614 04 freq_mode
Mar 21 17:05:10 localhost.localdomain ntpd[2299]: 0.0.0.0 c618 08 no_sys_peer
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[rootlocalhost ~~17:05:57]#

查看ntp是否和上游服务器同步

[rootlocalhost ~~17:05:57]#ntpstat
unsynchronised
   polling server every 64 s
[rootlocalhost ~~17:06:40]#

查看时间同步的状态


[rootlocalhost ~~17:08:27]#ntpq -p
     remote           refid      st t when poll reach   delay   offset  jitter
==============================================================================
*203.107.6.88    100.107.25.114   2 u   62   64    3   16.075   -2.578   2.010
+time.cloudflare 10.28.12.207     3 u   57   64    7  269.856  -19.501  11.061
[rootlocalhost ~~17:08:59]#

date命令和hwclock命令

可以直接用timedatectl替代了

timedatectl直接修改硬件+软件时间了。

让软件时间和硬件时间同步

hwclock 可以将硬件和软件时间做同步
 -s, --hctosys        从硬件时钟设置系统时间
 -w, --systohc        从当前系统时间设置硬件时钟


ntpdate

ntpdate -u ntp.aliyun.com   阿里云的服务器时间
主动更新linux到的时间,要求这个时间服务器是正确在运行中的

设置linux的时间为2008年8月8日,下午3:45,用2个命令

[rootlocalhost ~~19:10:06]#timedatectl set-time "2008-8-8 15:45:00"
[rootlocalhost ~~15:45:16]#timedatectl 
      Local time: Fri 2008-08-08 15:45:22 CST
  Universal time: Fri 2008-08-08 07:45:22 UTC
        RTC time: Fri 2008-08-08 07:45:23
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: no
NTP synchronized: no
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[rootlocalhost ~~15:45:22]#


[rootlocalhost ~~19:14:42]#date -s "2008-8-8 15:45:00"
Fri Aug  8 15:45:00 CST 2008
[rootlocalhost ~~15:45:00]#timedatectl 
      Local time: Fri 2008-08-08 15:45:20 CST
  Universal time: Fri 2008-08-08 07:45:20 UTC
        RTC time: Fri 2008-08-08 07:49:38
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: no
NTP synchronized: no
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[rootlocalhost ~~15:45:20]#

要求记录ntp运行日志,以及ntp进程pid文件



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