实验5 结构体和文件

本文主要是介绍实验5 结构体和文件，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

TASK 1

因为数组本身就是地址。

//TASK1.1
#include <stdio.h>
#define N 5
#define M 80

typedef struct
{
    char name[M];
    char author[M];
}Book;


int main()
{
    Book x[N] = {{"一九八四", "乔治.奥威尔"},
             {"美丽新世界", "赫胥黎"},
             {"昨日的世界", "斯蒂芬.茨威格"},
             {"万历十五年", "黄仁宇"},
             {"一只特立独行的猪", "王小波"}
            };
            
    int i;
    FILE *fp;
    
    fp=fopen("data1.txt","w");
    
    if(fp == NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to open file\n");
        return 1;
    }
    for(i=0;i<N;++i)
    {
        fprintf(fp,"%-20s %-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author);
        printf("%-20s %-20s\n",x[i].name, x[i].author);
    }
    
    fclose(fp);
    
    return 0;
}

//TASK1.2
#include <stdio.h>
#define N 5
#define M 80

typedef struct
{
    char name[M]; 
    char author[M]; 
}Book;

int main()
{
    Book x[N];
    
    int i;
    FILE *fp;
    
    fp = fopen("data1.txt", "r");
    
    if(fp == NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to open file\n");
        return 1;
    }
    
    for(i=0; i<N; ++i)
    {
        fscanf(fp, "%s %s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author);
        printf("%-20s %-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author);
    }
    
    fclose(fp);
    
    return 0;
}

TASK 2

生成了。不直观。

//TASK2.1
#include <stdio.h>
#define N 5
#define M 80

typedef struct
{
    char name[M];
    char author[M]; 
}Book;

int main()
{
    Book x[N]={ {"一九八四", "乔治.奥威尔"},
                {"美丽新世界", "赫胥黎"},
                {"昨日的世界", "斯蒂芬.茨威格"},
                {"万历十五年", "黄仁宇"},
                {"一只特立独行的猪", "王小波"}
                };
                
    int i;
    FILE *fp;
    
    fp = fopen("data2.dat", "wb");
    
    if(fp == NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to open file\n");
        
        return 1;
    }
    
    fwrite(x, sizeof(Book), N, fp);
    fclose(fp);
    
    return 0;
}

//TASK2.2
#include <stdio.h>
#define N 5
#define M 80

typedef struct
{
    char name[M]; 
    char author[M]; 
}Book;
 
int main()
{
    Book x[N];
    
    int i;
    FILE *fp;
    
    fp = fopen("data2.dat", "rb");
    
    if(fp == NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to open file\n");
        return 1;
    }
    
    fread(x, sizeof(Book), N, fp);
    
    for(i=0; i<N; ++i)
        printf("%-20s%-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author);
        
    fclose(fp);
    
    return 0;
}

TASK 3

//task3
#include<stdio.h> 

int main()
{
    FILE *fp1,*fp2;
    char ch;
    int i=0;
    
    
    fp1=fopen("data3_1.txt","r");
    
    if(fp1==NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to open data3_1.txt\n");
        return 1;
    }
    
    fp2=fopen("data3_2.txt","w");
    
    if(fp2==NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to open data3_2.txt\n");
        return 1;
    }
    
    while(!feof(fp1))
    {
        ch=fgetc(fp1);
        
        if(ch!='\t'&&ch!='\n'&&ch!=' ')
            ++i;
    }
    
    fprintf(fp2,"data3_1.txt中共包含字符数: ");
    fprintf(fp2,"%d",i-1);

    
    fclose(fp1);
    fclose(fp2);
    
    return 0;
}

TASK 5

//task5
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define N 10

typedef struct
{
    long int id;
    char name[20];
    float objective;
    float subjective;
    float sum;
    char level[10];
} STU;

void input(STU s[], int n);
void output(STU s[], int n);
void process(STU s[], int n);
int main()
{
    STU stu[N];
    printf("从文件读入%d个考生信息: 准考证号，姓名，客观题得分(<=40)，操作题得分(<=60)\n", N);
    input(stu, N);
    
    printf("\n对考生信息进行处理: 计算总分，确定等级\n");
    process(stu, N);
    
    printf("\n打印考生完整信息, 并保存到文件中");
    output(stu, N);
    
    return 0;
}

void input(STU s[], int n)
{
    int i;
    FILE *fin;
    
    fin = fopen("examinee.txt", "r");
    if (fin == NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to open file\n");
        exit(0);
    }
    while (!feof(fin))
    {
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
        fscanf(fin, "%ld %s %f %f", &s[i].id, s[i].name,&s[i].objective, &s[i].subjective);
    }
    
    fclose(fin);
}

void output(STU s[], int n)
{
    FILE *fout;
    int i;
    
    printf("\n");
    printf("准考证号\t姓名\t客观题得分\t操作题得分\t总分\t\t等级\n");
    
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
        printf("%ld\t\t%s\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%s\n", s[i].id,s[i].name, s[i].objective, s[i].subjective, s[i].sum, s[i].level);
        
    fout = fopen("result.txt", "w");
    
    if (!fout)
    {
        printf("fail to open or create result.txt\n");
        exit(0);
    }
    
    fprintf(fout, "准考证号\t\t姓名\t客观题得分\t操作题得分\t总分\t\t等级\n");
    for (i=0; i < n; i++)
        fprintf(fout, "%ld\t\t%s\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%s\n", s[i].id,s[i].name, s[i].objective, s[i].subjective, s[i].sum, s[i].level);
    
    fclose(fout);
}

void process(STU s[], int n)
{
    FILE *fp;
    STU *ss;
    int max,i,j;
    int no[10];
    
    
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        s[i].sum=s[i].objective+s[i].subjective;
        
    }
    
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        for(j=0;j<n-1-i;j++)
        {
            if(s[j].sum<s[j+1].sum)
            {
                *ss=s[j];
                s[j]=s[j+1];
                s[j+1]=*ss;
            }
        }
    }
    strcpy(s[0].level,"优秀"); 
    for(i=1;i<n;i++)
        switch(i<=4)
        {
            case 1:strcpy(s[i].level,"合格");break;
            case 0:strcpy(s[i].level,"不合格"); break;
        }  
}

TASK 6

//task6
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<time.h> 
#define N 80
typedef struct
{
    long int id;
    char name[20];
    char Class[20];
} STU;

void choose(STU s[],STU lucky[5],int n);
int main()
{
    FILE *fp,*lucky;
    STU stu[N],ss[5];
    int i;
    
    fp=fopen("list.txt","r");
    if(fp==NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to open file\n");
        return 1;
    }
    
    for(i=0;i<N;i++)
    {
        fscanf(fp,"%ld%s%s",&stu[i].id,&stu[i].name,&stu[i].Class);
    }
    
    choose(stu,ss,N);
    lucky=fopen("lucky.txt","w");
    for(i=0;i<5;i++)
    {
        printf("%ld  %-10s% -20s\n",ss[i].id,ss[i].name,ss[i].Class);
        fprintf(lucky,"%ld  %-10s %-20s\n",ss[i].id,ss[i].name,ss[i].Class);
    }
}

void choose(STU s[],STU lucky[5],int n)
{
    int i,j;
    
    srand(time(0)); 
    for(i=0;i<5;i++)
    {
        
        j=rand()%80+1;
        
        lucky[i]=s[j];
    }
    
}

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