SQLite语法大全

语法是一组独特的规则和约定。 以下是SQLite的语法列表。

区分大小写：

• SQLite不区分大小写。但是，有一些区分大小写的命令。例如：GLOB和glob在SQLite语句中有不同的含义。

注释：

• 注释用于在SQLite代码中增加代码的可读性。
• 注释不能嵌套。
• 注释以两个连续的“ - ”字符。
• 也可使用“/*”字符开始，并延伸至下一个“*/”字符对所包括的内容视为注释。

SQLite语句

所有的SQLite语句都是以关键字(如：SELECT，INSERT，UPDATE，DELETE，ALTER，DROP等)开始的。所有语句都以分号(;)结尾。

SQLite ANALYZE语句的语法：

ANALYZE;  
-- or  
ANALYZE database_name;  
-- or  
ANALYZE database_name.table_name;

SQLite AND/OR子句的语法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION-1 {AND|OR} CONDITION-2;

SQLite ALTER TABLE语句的语法

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD COLUMN column_def...;

SQLite ALTER TABLE语句(Rename)语句的语法

ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;

SQLite ATTACH DATABASE语句的语法：

ATTACH DATABASE 'DatabaseName' As 'Alias-Name';

SQLite BEGIN TRANSACTION语句的语法：

BEGIN;  
-- or  
BEGIN EXCLUSIVE TRANSACTION;

SQLite BETWEEN语句的语法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name BETWEEN val-1 AND val-2;  
SQLite COMMIT Statement:  
COMMIT;

SQLite CREATE INDEX语句的语法：

CREATE INDEX index_name  
ON table_name ( column_name COLLATE NOCASE );

SQLite CREATE UNIQUE INDEX语句的语法：

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name  
ON table_name ( column1, column2,...columnN);

SQLite CREATE TABLE语句的语法：

CREATE TABLE table_name(  
   column1 datatype,  
   column2 datatype,  
   column3 datatype,  
   .....  
   columnN datatype,  
   PRIMARY KEY( one or more columns ));

SQLite CREATE TRIGGER语句的语法：

CREATE TRIGGER database_name.trigger_name   
BEFORE INSERT ON table_name FOR EACH ROW  
BEGIN   
   stmt1;   
   stmt2;  
   ....  
END;

SQLite CREATE VIEW语句的语法：

CREATE VIEW database_name.view_name  AS  
SELECT statement....;

SQLite CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE语句的语法：

CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING weblog( access.log );  
-- or  
CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING fts3( );

SQLite COMMIT TRANSACTION语句的语法：

COMMIT;

SQLite COUNT语句的语法：

SELECT COUNT(column_name)  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION;

SQLite DELETE语句的语法：

DELETE FROM table_name  
WHERE  {CONDITION};

SQLite DETACH DATABASE语句的语法：

DETACH DATABASE 'Alias-Name';

SQLite DISTINCT语句的语法：

SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name;

SQLite DROP INDEX语句的语法：

DROP INDEX database_name.index_name;

SQLite DROP TABLE语句的语法：

DROP TABLE database_name.table_name;

SQLite DROP VIEW语句的语法：

DROP INDEX database_name.view_name;

SQLite DROP TRIGGER 语句的语法：

DROP INDEX database_name.trigger_name;

SQLite EXISTS语句的语法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name EXISTS (SELECT * FROM   table_name );

SQLite EXPLAIN语句的语法：

EXPLAIN INSERT statement...;  
-- or   
EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT statement...;

SQLite GLOB语句的语法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name GLOB { PATTERN };

SQLite GROUP BY语句的语法：

SELECT SUM(column_name)  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION  
GROUP BY column_name;

SQLite HAVING语句的语法：

SELECT SUM(column_name)  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION  
GROUP BY column_name  
HAVING (arithematic function condition);

SQLite INSERT INTO语句的语法：

INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2....columnN)  
VALUES ( value1, value2....valueN);

SQLite IN语句的语法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite Like语句的语法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name LIKE { PATTERN };

SQLite NOT IN语句的语法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name NOT IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite ORDER BY语句的语法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION  
ORDER BY column_name {ASC|DESC};

SQLite PRAGMA语句的语法：

PRAGMA pragma_name;

有关pragma的几个示例：

PRAGMA page_size;  
PRAGMA cache_size = 1024;  
PRAGMA table_info(table_name);

SQLite RELEASE SAVEPOINT语句的语法：

RELEASE savepoint_name;

SQLite REINDEX语句的语法：

REINDEX collation_name;  
REINDEX database_name.index_name;  
REINDEX database_name.table_name;

SQLite ROLLBACK语句的语法：

ROLLBACK;  
-- or  
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SAVEPOINT语句的语法：

SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SELECT语句的语法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name;

SQLite UPDATE语句的语法：

UPDATE table_name  
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2....columnN=valueN  
[ WHERE  CONDITION ];

SQLite VACUUM语句的语法：

VACUUM;  
SQLite WHERE Clause:  
SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION;