仅需5道题轻松掌握Python命令行相关标准库 | Python技能树征题
2021/10/17 17:09:47
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仅需5道题轻松掌握Python命令行相关标准库 | Python技能树征题
- 0. 前言
- 1. 第 1 题:命令行日志记录
- 2. 第 2 题:将日志存储在磁盘上
- 3. 第 3 题:命令行参数解析
- 4. 第 4 题:运行系统命令
- 5. 第 5 题:命令行中进度条显示
- 试题代码地址
0. 前言
许多用户习惯于使用命令行工具与系统进行交互,因此 Python 中的提供了相应的标准库,用于向通过 shell 和文本与用户进行交互的软件提供常见方法和函数,我们就通过 5
道 Python
编程题来掌握 Python 相关标准库玩转命令行!
1. 第 1 题:命令行日志记录
知识点描述:使用 Python logging 模块记录运行信息。
问题描述:默认情况下 logging 模块只会输出错误信息,如何使 logging 记录程序运行中包括警告等更普通的运行信息,请从以下选项中选出你认为正确的答案:
A.
import logging, sys logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, stream=sys.stderr, format='%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s') log = logging.getLogger(__name__) def my_add(a, b, weight=1): log.info('Starting add') if a == b == 0: log.warning('Warning! 0 for any one') res = (a + b) * weight log.info('(%s + %s) * %s = %s' % (a, b, weight, res)) print(res) if __name__ == '__main__': my_add(5, 3) my_add(0, 0)
B.
import logging, sys logging.basicConfig(level=logging.ERROR, stream=sys.stderr, format='%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s') log = logging.getLogger(__name__) def my_add(a, b, weight=1): log.info('Starting add') if a == b == 0: log.warning('Warning! 0 for any one') res = (a + b) * weight log.info('(%s + %s) * %s = %s' % (a, b, weight, res)) print(res) if __name__ == '__main__': my_add(5, 3) my_add(0, 0)
C.
import logging, sys logging.basicConfig(level=logging.NOTSET, stream=sys.stderr, format='%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s') log = logging.getLogger(__name__) def my_add(a, b, weight=1): log.info('Starting add') if a == b == 0: log.warning('Warning! 0 for any one') res = (a + b) * weight log.info('(%s + %s) * %s = %s' % (a, b, weight, res)) print(res) if __name__ == '__main__': my_add(5, 3) my_add(0, 0)
D.
import logging, sys logging.basicConfig(level=logging.WARN, stream=sys.stderr, format='%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s') log = logging.getLogger(__name__) def my_add(a, b, weight=1): log.info('Starting add') if a == b == 0: log.warning('Warning! 0 for any one') res = (a + b) * weight log.info('(%s + %s) * %s = %s' % (a, b, weight, res)) print(res) if __name__ == '__main__': my_add(5, 3) my_add(0, 0)
正确答案: A
2. 第 2 题:将日志存储在磁盘上
知识点描述:将日志信息写入磁盘文件中。
问题描述:编写斐波那契计算函数,并用日志文件记录计算出的数字以及运行时间,请从以下选项中选出你认为正确的答案:
A.
import logging, sys import datetime def f(n): log.info('Computing up to %sth fibonacci number', n) a, b = 0, 1 for n in range(n): a, b = b, a+b print(b, '', end='') print(b) logging_file = 'log.txt' logging.basicConfig(level=logging.WARN, filename=logging_file, format='%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s: %(message)s') log = logging.getLogger(__name__) if __name__ == '__main__': f(datetime.datetime.now().second)
B.
import logging, sys import datetime def f(n): log.info('Computing up to %sth fibonacci number', n) a, b = 0, 1 for n in range(n): a, b = b, a+b print(b, '', end='') print(b) logging_file = 'log.txt' logging.basicConfig(level=logging.WARN, format='%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s: %(message)s') log = logging.getLogger(__name__) if __name__ == '__main__': f(datetime.datetime.now().second)
C.
import logging, sys import datetime def f(n): log.info('Computing up to %sth fibonacci number', n) a, b = 0, 1 for n in range(n): a, b = b, a+b print(b, '', end='') print(b) logging_file = 'log.txt' logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, filename=logging_file, format='%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s: %(message)s') log = logging.getLogger(__name__) if __name__ == '__main__': f(datetime.datetime.now().second)
D.
import logging, sys import datetime def f(n): a, b = 0, 1 for n in range(n): a, b = b, a+b print(b, '', end='') print(b) logging_file = 'log.txt' logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, filename=logging_file, format='%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s: %(message)s') log = logging.getLogger(__name__) if __name__ == '__main__': f(datetime.datetime.now().second)
正确答案: C
3. 第 3 题:命令行参数解析
知识点描述:编写命令行工具,根据提供给脚本的选项参数改变程序行为。
问题描述:编写命令行工具,根据提供给脚本的选项参数可以运行多个数据间的加/减/乘/除,请从以下选项中选出你认为正确的选项:
A.
import argparse import operator import logging import functools parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Applies an operation to one or more numbers') parser.add_argument("number", help="One or more numbers to perform an operation on.", type=int) parser.add_argument('-o', '--operation', help="The operation to perform on numbers.", choices=['add', 'sub', 'mul', 'div'], default='add') parser.add_argument("-v", "--verbose", action="store_true", help="increase output verbosity") opts = parser.parse_args() logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO if opts.verbose else logging.WARNING) log = logging.getLogger() operation = getattr(operator, opts.operation) log.info('Applying %s to %s', opts.operation, opts.number) print(functools.reduce(operation, opts.number))
B.
import argparse import operator import logging import functools parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Applies an operation to one or more numbers') parser.add_argument("number", help="One or more numbers to perform an operation on.", nargs='+') parser.add_argument('-o', '--operation', help="The operation to perform on numbers.", choices=['add', 'sub', 'mul', 'div'], default='add') parser.add_argument("-v", "--verbose", action="store_true", help="increase output verbosity") opts = parser.parse_args() logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO if opts.verbose else logging.WARNING) log = logging.getLogger() operation = getattr(operator, opts.operation) log.info('Applying %s to %s', opts.operation, opts.number) print(functools.reduce(operation, opts.number))
C.
import argparse import operator import logging import functools parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Applies an operation to one or more numbers') parser.add_argument("number", help="One or more numbers to perform an operation on.", nargs='2', type=int) parser.add_argument('-o', '--operation', help="The operation to perform on numbers.", choices=['add', 'sub', 'mul', 'div'], default='add') parser.add_argument("-v", "--verbose", action="store_true", help="increase output verbosity") opts = parser.parse_args() logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO if opts.verbose else logging.WARNING) log = logging.getLogger() operation = getattr(operator, opts.operation) log.info('Applying %s to %s', opts.operation, opts.number) print(functools.reduce(operation, opts.number))
D.
import argparse import operator import logging import functools parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Applies an operation to one or more numbers') parser.add_argument("number", help="One or more numbers to perform an operation on.", nargs='+', type=int) parser.add_argument('-o', '--operation', help="The operation to perform on numbers.", choices=['add', 'sub', 'mul', 'div'], default='add') parser.add_argument("-v", "--verbose", action="store_true", help="increase output verbosity") opts = parser.parse_args() logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO if opts.verbose else logging.WARNING) log = logging.getLogger() operation = getattr(operator, opts.operation) log.info('Applying %s to %s', opts.operation, opts.number) print(functools.reduce(operation, opts.number))
正确答案: D
4. 第 4 题:运行系统命令
知识点描述:在编写系统运维工具时,调用系统命令。
问题描述:编写 Linux 系统运维工具,调用系统命令查看 “/” 目录下文件,请从以下选项中选出你认为正确的选项:
A.
import shlex import subprocess def run(command): try: result = subprocess.getstatusoutput(command, shell=shlex.split(command), stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) return 0, result except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e: return e.returncode, e.output status, out = run('ls "/"') print(status, out)
B.
import shlex import subprocess def run(command): try: result = subprocess.check_output(command, shell=shlex.split(command), stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) return 0, result except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e: return e.returncode, e.output status, out = run('ls "/"') print(status, out)
C.
import gzip text = 'text.txt' with open(text, 'rt') as file: read_text = file.read() with gzip.open('compress.gz', 'wt', compresslevel = 9) as f: f.write(read_text)
D.
import gzip text = 'text.txt' with open(text, 'rt') as file: read_text = file.read() with gzip.open('compress.gz', 'wt', compresslevel = 0) as f: f.write(read_text)
正确答案:B
5. 第 5 题:命令行中进度条显示
知识点描述:使用进度条显示当前任务完成进度。
问题描述:在执行耗时任务时,使用进度条显示已经完成了的任务进度,请从以下选项中选出你认为正确的选项:
A.
import shutil, sys import time def progressbar(func): def _func_with_progress(*args, **kwargs): max_width, _ = shutil.get_terminal_size() gen = func(*args, **kwargs) while True: try: progress = next(gen) except StopIteration as exc: sys.stdout.write('\n') return exc.value else: message = '[%s] {}%%'.format(progress) bar_width = max_width - len(message) + 3 filled = int(round(bar_width / 100.0 * progress)) spaceleft = bar_width - filled bar = '=' * filled + ' ' * spaceleft sys.stdout.write((message+'\r') % bar) sys.stdout.flush() @progressbar def wait(seconds): start = time.time() step = seconds / 100. for i in range(1, 101): time.sleep(step) yield i return time.time() - start if __name__ == '__main__': print("Waiting", wait(4))
B.
import shutil, sys import time def progressbar(func): def _func_with_progress(*args, **kwargs): max_width, _ = shutil.get_terminal_size() gen = func(*args, **kwargs) while True: try: progress = next(gen) except StopIteration as exc: sys.stdout.write('\n') return exc.value else: message = '[%s] {}%%'.format(progress) bar_width = max_width - len(message) + 3 filled = int(round(bar_width / 100.0 * progress)) spaceleft = bar_width - filled bar = '=' * filled + ' ' * spaceleft sys.stdout.write((message+'\r') % bar) sys.stdout.flush() return _func_with_progress @progressbar def wait(seconds): start = time.time() step = seconds / 100. for i in range(1, 101): time.sleep(step) return time.time() - start if __name__ == '__main__': print("Waiting", wait(4))
C.
import shutil, sys import time def progressbar(func): def _func_with_progress(*args, **kwargs): max_width, _ = shutil.get_terminal_size() gen = func(*args, **kwargs) while True: try: progress = next(gen) except StopIteration as exc: sys.stdout.write('\n') return exc.value else: message = '[%s] {}%%'.format(progress) bar_width = max_width - len(message) + 3 filled = int(round(bar_width / 100.0 * progress)) spaceleft = bar_width - filled bar = '=' * filled + ' ' * spaceleft sys.stdout.write((message+'\r') % bar) sys.stdout.flush() return _func_with_progress @progressbar def wait(seconds): start = time.time() step = seconds / 100. for i in range(1, 101): time.sleep(step) yield i return time.time() - start if __name__ == '__main__': print("Waiting", wait(4))
D.
import shutil, sys import time def progressbar(func): def _func_with_progress(*args, **kwargs): max_width, _ = shutil.get_terminal_size() gen = func(*args, **kwargs) while True: try: progress = next(gen) except StopIteration as exc: sys.stdout.write('\n') return exc.value else: message = '[%s] {}%%'.format(progress) bar_width = max_width - len(message) + 3 filled = int(round(bar_width / 100.0 * progress)) spaceleft = bar_width - filled bar = '=' * filled + ' ' * spaceleft sys.stdout.write((message+'\r') % bar) sys.stdout.flush() return _func_with_progress() @progressbar def wait(seconds): start = time.time() step = seconds / 100. for i in range(1, 101): time.sleep(step) yield i return time.time() - start if __name__ == '__main__': print("Waiting", wait(4))
正确答案:C
试题代码地址
https://codechina.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611/python_problem
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