实验一：MongoDB的基本操作
2021/10/21 19:11:50
本文主要是介绍实验一：MongoDB的基本操作，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
实验目的：
-
安装Windows版MongoDB
-
使用MongoDB对数据进行增删改查操作
-
比较有无索引时的查询性能
实验内容：
题目1：安装Windows版MongoDB
1.安装MongoDB 4.4 社区版
2.在环境变量中添加MongoDB安装路径
3.创建MongoDB的Windows服务，服务名为MongoDB
4.设置Windows服务为【自动】启动
5.使用mongod命令启动服务
6.使用mongo命令启动shell窗口
最详细的Windows平台安装MongoDB教程
https://www.cnblogs.com/TM0831/p/10606624.html
题目2：对数据进行增删改查操作
1.创建一个数据库
2.创建一个集合
3.插入多条文档记录到集合中
4.修改一个文档的全部内容
5.对多个文档同一字段内容进行修改
6.查询数据库中满足指定条件的文档
题目3：比较有无索引时查询性能
-
在集合中插入1000个文档，执行find.explain()命令，记录分析结果
-
对文档中的一个字段创建索引，对该字段进行find.explain()命令，记录分析结果；
-
删除多余文档，保留200个文档，对创建索引字段执行find.explain()命令，记录分析结果
-
在此基础上删除建立的索引，执行find.explain()命令，记录分析结果
-
对以上执行结果惊醒统计，制出统计分析比较表，说明比较结论
5.使用mongod命令启动服务
6.使用mongo命令启动shell窗口
1.创建一个数据库
use cww 结果： switched to db cww
2.创建一个集合
db.createCollection("wds")
结果：
{ "ok" : 1 }
3.插入多条文档记录到集合中
db.wds.insert(
[
{ item: "小学生教材",name:"《小学一年级语文(上册)》",price:12},
{ item: "初中生教材",name:"《初中一年级语文(上册)》",price:15},
{ item: "高中生教材",name:"《高中一年级语文(上册)》",price:20},
{ item: "外语教材",name:"《英语全解\nABC（五年级上）》",price:30}
])
结果：
BulkWriteResult({
"writeErrors" : [ ],
"writeConcernErrors" : [ ],
"nInserted" : 4,
"nUpserted" : 0,
"nMatched" : 0,
"nModified" : 0,
"nRemoved" : 0,
"upserted" : [ ]
})
4.修改一个文档的全部内容
db.wds.update({"item":"小学生教材"},{$set:{"name":"wds"}})
结果：
db.wds.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577c"), "item" : "小学生教材", "name" : "wds", "price" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577d"), "item" : "初中生教材", "name" : "《初中一年级语文(上册)》", "price" : 15 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577e"), "item" : "高中生教材", "name" : "《高中一年级语文(上册)》", "price" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577f"), "item" : "外语教材", "name" : "《英语全解\nABC（五年级上）》", "price" : 30 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170df5d313c45471807211c"), "item" : "小学生教材" }
5.对多个文档同一字段内容进行修改
db.wds.update({"item":"小学生教材"},{$set:{"name":"wds"}},{multi:true} )
结果：
db.wds.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577c"), "item" : "小学生教材", "name" : "wds", "price" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577d"), "item" : "初中生教材", "name" : "《初中一年级语文(上册)》", "price" : 15 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577e"), "item" : "高中生教材", "name" : "《高中一年级语文(上册)》", "price" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577f"), "item" : "外语教材", "name" : "《英语全解\nABC（五年级上）》", "price" : 30 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170df5d313c45471807211c"), "item" : "小学生教材", "name" : "wds" }
6.查询数据库中满足指定条件的文档
db.wds.find({"item":"小学生教材"})
结果：
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577c"), "item" : "小学生教材", "name" : "wds", "price" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170df5d313c45471807211c"), "item" : "小学生教材", "name" : "wds" }
- 在集合中插入1000个文档，执行find.explain()命令，记录分析结果
for(var i =0;i<=1000;i++){db.wds.insert({"id":i+1,"name":"wds"+i,"age":21})}
结果：
db.wds.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577c"), "item" : "小学生教材", "name" : "wds", "price" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577d"), "item" : "初中生教材", "name" : "《初中一年级语文(上册)》", "price" : 15 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577e"), "item" : "高中生教材", "name" : "《高中一年级语文(上册)》", "price" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577f"), "item" : "外语教材", "name" : "《英语全解\nABC（五年级上）》", "price" : 30 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170df5d313c45471807211c"), "item" : "小学生教材", "name" : "wds" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be3e"), "id" : 1, "name" : "wds0", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be3f"), "id" : 2, "name" : "wds1", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be40"), "id" : 3, "name" : "wds2", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be41"), "id" : 4, "name" : "wds3", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be42"), "id" : 5, "name" : "wds4", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be43"), "id" : 6, "name" : "wds5", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be44"), "id" : 7, "name" : "wds6", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be45"), "id" : 8, "name" : "wds7", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be46"), "id" : 9, "name" : "wds8", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be47"), "id" : 10, "name" : "wds9", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be48"), "id" : 11, "name" : "wds10", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be49"), "id" : 12, "name" : "wds11", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be4a"), "id" : 13, "name" : "wds12", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be4b"), "id" : 14, "name" : "wds13", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825be4c"), "id" : 15, "name" : "wds14", "age" : 21 }
Type "it" for more
第二句：
db.wds.find({"id":801}).explain("executionStats")
结果：
{
"queryPlanner" : {
"plannerVersion" : 1,
"namespace" : "cww.wds",
"indexFilterSet" : false,
"parsedQuery" : {
"id" : {
"$eq" : 801
}
},
"winningPlan" : {
"stage" : "COLLSCAN",
"filter" : {
"id" : {
"$eq" : 801
}
},
"direction" : "forward"
},
"rejectedPlans" : [ ]
},
"executionStats" : {
"executionSuccess" : true,
"nReturned" : 1,
"executionTimeMillis" : 0,
"totalKeysExamined" : 0,
"totalDocsExamined" : 1006,
"executionStages" : {
"stage" : "COLLSCAN",
"filter" : {
"id" : {
"$eq" : 801
}
},
"nReturned" : 1,
"executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0,
"works" : 1008,
"advanced" : 1,
"needTime" : 1006,
"needYield" : 0,
"saveState" : 1,
"restoreState" : 1,
"isEOF" : 1,
"direction" : "forward",
"docsExamined" : 1006
}
},
- 对文档中的一个字段创建索引，对该字段进行find.explain()命令，记录分析结果；
db.wds.ensureIndex({"id":801})
{
"createdCollectionAutomatically" : false,
"numIndexesBefore" : 1,
"numIndexesAfter" : 2,
"ok" : 1
}
db.wds.find({"id":801}).explain("executionStats")
结果：
{
"queryPlanner" : {
"plannerVersion" : 1,
"namespace" : "cww.wds",
"indexFilterSet" : false,
"parsedQuery" : {
"id" : {
"$eq" : 801
}
},
"winningPlan" : {
"stage" : "FETCH",
"inputStage" : {
"stage" : "IXSCAN",
"keyPattern" : {
"id" : 801
},
"indexName" : "id_801",
"isMultiKey" : false,
"multiKeyPaths" : {
"id" : [ ]
},
"isUnique" : false,
"isSparse" : false,
"isPartial" : false,
"indexVersion" : 2,
"direction" : "forward",
"indexBounds" : {
"id" : [
"[801.0, 801.0]"
]
}
}
},
"rejectedPlans" : [ ]
},
"executionStats" : {
"executionSuccess" : true,
"nReturned" : 1,
"executionTimeMillis" : 1,
"totalKeysExamined" : 1,
"totalDocsExamined" : 1,
"executionStages" : {
"stage" : "FETCH",
"nReturned" : 1,
"executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0,
"works" : 2,
"advanced" : 1,
"needTime" : 0,
"needYield" : 0,
"saveState" : 0,
"restoreState" : 0,
"isEOF" : 1,
"docsExamined" : 1,
"alreadyHasObj" : 0,
"inputStage" : {
"stage" : "IXSCAN",
"nReturned" : 1,
"executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0,
"works" : 2,
"advanced" : 1,
"needTime" : 0,
"needYield" : 0,
"saveState" : 0,
"restoreState" : 0,
"isEOF" : 1,
"keyPattern" : {
"id" : 801
},
"indexName" : "id_801",
"isMultiKey" : false,
"multiKeyPaths" : {
"id" : [ ]
},
"isUnique" : false,
"isSparse" : false,
"isPartial" : false,
"indexVersion" : 2,
"direction" : "forward",
"indexBounds" : {
"id" : [
"[801.0, 801.0]"
]
},
"keysExamined" : 1,
"seeks" : 1,
"dupsTested" : 0,
"dupsDropped" : 0
}
}
},
"serverInfo" : {
"host" : "DESKTOP-FP9BBM9",
"port" : 27017,
"version" : "4.4.0",
"gitVersion" : "563487e100c4215e2dce98d0af2a6a5a2d67c5cf"
},
"ok" : 1
}
- 删除多余文档，保留200个文档，对创建索引字段执行find.explain()命令，记录分析结果
for(var i=0;i<=800;i++){ db.wds.remove({"id":i})}
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
db.wds.find()
结果：
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577c"), "item" : "小学生教材", "name" : "wds", "price" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577d"), "item" : "初中生教材", "name" : "《初中一年级语文(上册)》", "price" : 15 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577e"), "item" : "高中生教材", "name" : "《高中一年级语文(上册)》", "price" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170dd4d3e5499c12846577f"), "item" : "外语教材", "name" : "《英语全解\nABC（五年级上）》", "price" : 30 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170df5d313c45471807211c"), "item" : "小学生教材", "name" : "wds" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c15e"), "id" : 801, "name" : "wds800", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c15f"), "id" : 802, "name" : "wds801", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c160"), "id" : 803, "name" : "wds802", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c161"), "id" : 804, "name" : "wds803", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c162"), "id" : 805, "name" : "wds804", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c163"), "id" : 806, "name" : "wds805", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c164"), "id" : 807, "name" : "wds806", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c165"), "id" : 808, "name" : "wds807", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c166"), "id" : 809, "name" : "wds808", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c167"), "id" : 810, "name" : "wds809", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c168"), "id" : 811, "name" : "wds810", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c169"), "id" : 812, "name" : "wds811", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c16a"), "id" : 813, "name" : "wds812", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c16b"), "id" : 814, "name" : "wds813", "age" : 21 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("6170ea883234079ed825c16c"), "id" : 815, "name" : "wds814", "age" : 21 }
Type "it" for more
db.wds.find({"id":801}).explain("executionStats")
结果：
{
"queryPlanner" : {
"plannerVersion" : 1,
"namespace" : "cww.wds",
"indexFilterSet" : false,
"parsedQuery" : {
"id" : {
"$eq" : 801
}
},
"winningPlan" : {
"stage" : "FETCH",
"inputStage" : {
"stage" : "IXSCAN",
"keyPattern" : {
"id" : 801
},
"indexName" : "id_801",
"isMultiKey" : false,
"multiKeyPaths" : {
"id" : [ ]
},
"isUnique" : false,
"isSparse" : false,
"isPartial" : false,
"indexVersion" : 2,
"direction" : "forward",
"indexBounds" : {
"id" : [
"[801.0, 801.0]"
]
}
}
},
"rejectedPlans" : [ ]
},
"executionStats" : {
"executionSuccess" : true,
"nReturned" : 1,
"executionTimeMillis" : 0,
"totalKeysExamined" : 1,
"totalDocsExamined" : 1,
"executionStages" : {
"stage" : "FETCH",
"nReturned" : 1,
"executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0,
"works" : 2,
"advanced" : 1,
"needTime" : 0,
"needYield" : 0,
"saveState" : 0,
"restoreState" : 0,
"isEOF" : 1,
"docsExamined" : 1,
"alreadyHasObj" : 0,
"inputStage" : {
"stage" : "IXSCAN",
"nReturned" : 1,
"executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0,
"works" : 2,
"advanced" : 1,
"needTime" : 0,
"needYield" : 0,
"saveState" : 0,
"restoreState" : 0,
"isEOF" : 1,
"keyPattern" : {
"id" : 801
},
"indexName" : "id_801",
"isMultiKey" : false,
"multiKeyPaths" : {
"id" : [ ]
},
"isUnique" : false,
"isSparse" : false,
"isPartial" : false,
"indexVersion" : 2,
"direction" : "forward",
"indexBounds" : {
"id" : [
"[801.0, 801.0]"
]
},
"keysExamined" : 1,
"seeks" : 1,
"dupsTested" : 0,
"dupsDropped" : 0
}
}
},
"serverInfo" : {
"host" : "DESKTOP-FP9BBM9",
"port" : 27017,
"version" : "4.4.0",
"gitVersion" : "563487e100c4215e2dce98d0af2a6a5a2d67c5cf"
},
"ok" : 1
}
- 在此基础上删除建立的索引，执行find.explain()命令，记录分析结果
db.wds.dropIndex({"id":801})
{ "nIndexesWas" : 2, "ok" : 1 }
结果:
> db.wds.find({"id":801}).explain("executionStats")
{
"queryPlanner" : {
"plannerVersion" : 1,
"namespace" : "cww.wds",
"indexFilterSet" : false,
"parsedQuery" : {
"id" : {
"$eq" : 801
}
},
"winningPlan" : {
"stage" : "COLLSCAN",
"filter" : {
"id" : {
"$eq" : 801
}
},
"direction" : "forward"
},
"rejectedPlans" : [ ]
},
"executionStats" : {
"executionSuccess" : true,
"nReturned" : 1,
"executionTimeMillis" : 0,
"totalKeysExamined" : 0,
"totalDocsExamined" : 206,
"executionStages" : {
"stage" : "COLLSCAN",
"filter" : {
"id" : {
"$eq" : 801
}
},
"nReturned" : 1,
"executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0,
"works" : 208,
"advanced" : 1,
"needTime" : 206,
"needYield" : 0,
"saveState" : 0,
"restoreState" : 0,
"isEOF" : 1,
"direction" : "forward",
"docsExamined" : 206
}
},
"serverInfo" : {
"host" : "DESKTOP-FP9BBM9",
"port" : 27017,
"version" : "4.4.0",
"gitVersion" : "563487e100c4215e2dce98d0af2a6a5a2d67c5cf"
},
"ok" : 1
}
- 对以上执行结果惊醒统计，制出统计分析比较表，说明比较结论
| type | needtime |
|---|---|
| 1006个数，未定索引 | 1006 |
| 1006个数，定索引{“id”:801} | 0 |
| 206个数，定索引 | 0 |
| 206个数，未定索引 | 206 |
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