C#——通过webapi读写Modbus设备
2022/3/6 14:15:41
本文主要是介绍C#——通过webapi读写Modbus设备，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
调用webapi控制本地程序读写Modbus RTU设备
例如服务开启后，访问http://192.168.3.252:2000/api/home/ReadMultiCoil?slaveAdd=1&address=99&number=10，可以调用webapi实现读从站地址为1的设备中线圈起始地址为99的共十个线圈的值，返回值是JSON
其中192.168.3.252:2000为服务的HttpServer，ReadMultiCoil为定义的函数
运行的时候需要管理员权限，最好关闭防火墙或者开放端口
应该有更好的方法实现相同功能的，但我太菜了懒得找
Modbus RTU的代码是之前的代码改的，更改了串口关闭后没法重新打开的问题，顺便改了一下抄的代码里Http服务关不掉的问题
1 <Window x:Class="******.MainWindow" 2 xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 3 xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 4 xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 5 xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 6 xmlns:local="clr-namespace:******" 7 mc:Ignorable="d" 8 Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800"> 9 <Grid Loaded="Grid_Loaded"> 10 <ComboBox x:Name="cmb_portname" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="92,119,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120" MouseEnter="cmb_portname_MouseEnter"/> 11 <ComboBox x:Name="cmb_baud" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="270,119,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120"/> 12 <ComboBox x:Name="cmb_parity" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="440,119,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120"/> 13 <ComboBox x:Name="cmb_dataBits" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="92,176,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120"/> 14 <ComboBox x:Name="cmb_stopBits" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="270,176,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120"/> 15 <Label Content="串口" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="47,119,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top"/> 16 <Label Content="波特率" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="224,119,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top"/> 17 <Label Content="校验" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="401,119,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top"/> 18 <Label Content="数据位" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="41,176,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top"/> 19 <Label Content="停止位" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="219,176,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top"/> 20 <Button x:Name="btn_port" Content="打开串口" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="440,176,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="btn_port_Click"/> 21 <Button x:Name="btn_StartService" Content="开启服务" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="440,228,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="btn_start_Click"/> 22 <Button x:Name="btn_StopService" Content="关闭服务" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="559,228,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="btn_close_Click"/> 23 <TextBox x:Name="tb_serviceIP" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="23" Margin="92,228,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="192.168.3.252" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120"/> 24 <TextBox x:Name="tb_servicePort" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="23" Margin="270,228,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="2000" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120"/> 25 <Label Content="服务IP" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="41,228,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top"/> 26 <Label Content="服务端口" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="213,228,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top"/> 27 28 </Grid> 29 </Window>
1 using System;
2 using System.IO.Ports;
3 using System.Threading.Tasks;
4 using System.Web.Http;
5 using System.Web.Http.SelfHost;
6 using System.Windows;
7 using Modbus.Device;
8
9 namespace ******
10 {
11 /// <summary>
12 /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
13 /// </summary>
14 public partial class MainWindow : Window
15 {
16 private static IModbusMaster master;
17 private static SerialPort port;
18 //写线圈或写寄存器数组
19 private bool[] coilsBuffer;
20 private ushort[] registerBuffer;
21 //串口参数
22 private string portName;
23 private int baudRate;
24 private Parity parity;
25 private int dataBits;
26 private StopBits stopBits;
27
28 private HttpServer httpServer = null;
29
30
31 public static MainWindow x;
32 public MainWindow()
33 {
34 InitializeComponent();
35 x = this;
36 }
37
38 #region 串口下拉列表刷新
39 /// <summary>
40 /// 刷新串口下拉列表显示
41 /// </summary>
42 private void GetSerialLstTb1()
43 {
44 //清除cmb_portname显示
45 cmb_portname.SelectedIndex = -1;
46 cmb_portname.Items.Clear();
47 string[] serialLst = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
48 if (serialLst.Length > 0)
49 {
50 //取串口进行排序
51 Array.Sort(serialLst);
52 //将串口列表输出到cmb_portname
53 for (int i = 0; i < serialLst.Length; i++)
54 {
55 cmb_portname.Items.Add(serialLst[i]);
56 cmb_portname.SelectedIndex = 0;
57 }
58 }
59 }
60 /// <summary>
61 /// 鼠标移入串口cmb触发刷新
62 /// </summary>
63 /// <param name="sender"></param>
64 /// <param name="e"></param>
65 private void cmb_portname_MouseEnter(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseEventArgs e)
66 {
67 GetSerialLstTb1();
68 }
69
70 #endregion
71
72 /// <summary>
73 /// 界面加载
74 /// </summary>
75 /// <param name="sender"></param>
76 /// <param name="e"></param>
77 private void Grid_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
78 {
79 GetSerialLstTb1();
80
81 cmb_baud.Items.Add("9600");
82 cmb_baud.Items.Add("14400");
83 cmb_baud.Items.Add("19200");
84
85 cmb_parity.Items.Add("奇");
86 cmb_parity.Items.Add("偶");
87 cmb_parity.Items.Add("无");
88
89 cmb_dataBits.Items.Add("7");
90 cmb_dataBits.Items.Add("8");
91
92 cmb_stopBits.Items.Add("1");
93 cmb_stopBits.Items.Add("2");
94
95 cmb_portname.SelectedIndex = -1;
96 cmb_baud.SelectedIndex = 0;
97 cmb_parity.SelectedIndex = 2;
98 cmb_dataBits.SelectedIndex = 1;
99 cmb_stopBits.SelectedIndex = 0;
100 }
101 #region 串口配置
102 /// <summary>
103 /// 串口参数获取
104 /// </summary>
105 /// <returns></返回串口配置参数>
106 private SerialPort InitSerialPortParameter()
107 {
108 if (cmb_portname.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_baud.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_parity.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_dataBits.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_stopBits.SelectedIndex < 0)
109 {
110 MessageBox.Show("请选择串口参数");
111 return null;
112 }
113 else
114 {
115 portName = cmb_portname.SelectedItem.ToString();
116 baudRate = int.Parse(cmb_baud.SelectedItem.ToString());
117
118 switch (cmb_parity.SelectedItem.ToString())
119 {
120 case "奇":
121 parity = Parity.Odd;
122 break;
123 case "偶":
124 parity = Parity.Even;
125 break;
126 case "无":
127 parity = Parity.None;
128 break;
129 default:
130 break;
131 }
132 dataBits = int.Parse(cmb_dataBits.SelectedItem.ToString());
133 switch (cmb_stopBits.SelectedItem.ToString())
134 {
135 case "1":
136 stopBits = StopBits.One;
137 break;
138 case "2":
139 stopBits = StopBits.Two;
140 break;
141 default:
142 break;
143 }
144
145 port = new SerialPort(portName, baudRate, parity, dataBits, stopBits);
146 return port;
147
148 }
149 }
150 #endregion
151 /// <summary>
152 /// 开闭端口
153 /// </summary>
154 /// <param name="sender"></param>
155 /// <param name="e"></param>
156 private void btn_port_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
157 {
158 if (cmb_portname.Items.Count != 0)
159 {
160 try
161 {
162 if ((string)btn_port.Content == "关闭串口")
163 {
164 btn_port.Content = "打开串口";
165 port.Close();
166 }
167 else
168 {
169 InitSerialPortParameter();
170 port.PortName = cmb_portname.SelectedItem.ToString();
171 port.BaudRate = int.Parse(cmb_baud.SelectedValue.ToString());
172 port.Open();
173 btn_port.Content = "关闭串口";
174 }
175 }
176 catch (Exception ex)
177 {
178 MessageBox.Show(ex.GetType().ToString());
179 MessageBox.Show("端口被占用\n请选择正确的端口", "错误");
180 }
181 }
182 else
183 {
184 MessageBox.Show("请选择正确的端口", "错误");
185 }
186 }
187
188 public class HttpServer
189 {
190 private HttpSelfHostServer server;
191
192 public HttpServer(string ip, int port)
193 {
194 var config = new HttpSelfHostConfiguration($"http:\\{ip}:{port}");
195 config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();
196 config.Routes.MapHttpRoute("DefaultApi", "api/{controller}/{action}");
197 server = new HttpSelfHostServer(config);
198 }
199
200 public Task StartHttpServer()
201 {
202 return server.OpenAsync();
203 }
204 public Task CloseHttpServer()
205 {
206 return server.CloseAsync();
207 }
208 }
209
210 private async void btn_start_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
211 {
212 try
213 {
214 httpServer = new HttpServer("\\" + tb_serviceIP.Text, int.Parse(tb_servicePort.Text));
215 await httpServer.StartHttpServer();
216 MessageBox.Show("服务开启");
217 }
218 catch (Exception ex)
219 {
220 MessageBox.Show("服务开启失败" + ex.Message);
221 }
222 }
223
224 private async void btn_close_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
225 {
226 try
227 {
228 //httpServer = new HttpServer("\\" + tb_serviceIP.Text, int.Parse(tb_servicePort.Text));
229 await httpServer.CloseHttpServer();
230 MessageBox.Show("服务关闭");
231 }
232 catch (Exception ex)
233 {
234 MessageBox.Show("服务关闭失败" + ex.Message);
235 }
236 }
237
238
239 public class HomeController : ApiController
240 {
241 /// <summary>
242 /// 读多个寄存器
243 /// http://192.168.3.252:2000/api/home/ReadKeepReg?slaveAdd=1&address=99&number=10
244 /// </summary>
245 /// <param name="slaveAdd">从站地址</param>
246 /// <param name="address">寄存器首地址</param>>
247 /// <param name="number">寄存器数量</param>
248 /// <returns></returns>
249 [HttpGet]
250 public IHttpActionResult ReadKeepReg(string slaveAdd, string address, string number)
251 {
252 master = ModbusSerialMaster.CreateRtu(port);
253
254 string message = "";
255 byte slaveAddress = byte.Parse(slaveAdd);
256 ushort startAddress = ushort.Parse(address);
257 ushort numberOfPoints = ushort.Parse(number);
258 try
259 {
260 x.registerBuffer = master.ReadHoldingRegisters(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
261 }
262 catch (Exception e)
263 {
264 MessageBox.Show(e.Message);
265 }
266 for (int i = 0; i < x.registerBuffer.Length; i++)
267 {
268 message = message + x.registerBuffer[i].ToString("X4") + " ";
269 }
270 //MessageBox.Show(message);
271 return Json(message);
272 }
273 /// <summary>
274 /// 写多个寄存器
275 /// http://192.168.3.252:2000/api/home/WriteKeepReg?slaveAdd=1&address=99&message=1234%201235%201236%201237
276 /// </summary>
277 /// <param name="slaveAdd">从站地址</param>
278 /// <param name="address">寄存器首地址</param>
279 /// <param name="message">信息，以空格分开。例1111 2222，就是写两个寄存器</param>
280 [HttpGet]
281 public void WriteKeepReg(string slaveAdd, string address, string message)
282 {
283 master = ModbusSerialMaster.CreateRtu(port);
284 byte slaveAddress = byte.Parse(slaveAdd);
285 ushort startAddress = ushort.Parse(address);
286
287 slaveAddress = byte.Parse(slaveAdd);
288 startAddress = ushort.Parse(address);
289
290 //转化ushort数组
291 string[] strarr = message.Split(' ');
292 x.registerBuffer = new ushort[strarr.Length];
293 for (int i = 0; i < strarr.Length; i++)
294 {
295 x.registerBuffer[i] = ushort.Parse(strarr[i], System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber);
296 }
297 master.WriteMultipleRegisters(slaveAddress, startAddress, x.registerBuffer);
298 return;
299 }
300 /// <summary>
301 /// 读多个线圈
302 /// http://192.168.3.252:2000/api/home/ReadMultiCoil?slaveAdd=1&address=99&number=10
303 /// </summary>
304 /// <param name="slaveAdd">从站地址</param>
305 /// <param name="address">线圈首地址</param>
306 /// <param name="number">线圈数量</param>
307 /// <returns></returns>
308 [HttpGet]
309 public IHttpActionResult ReadMultiCoil(string slaveAdd, string address, string number)
310 {
311 master = ModbusSerialMaster.CreateRtu(port);
312
313 string message = "";
314 byte slaveAddress = byte.Parse(slaveAdd);
315 ushort startAddress = ushort.Parse(address);
316 ushort numberOfPoints = ushort.Parse(number);
317 try
318 {
319 x.coilsBuffer = master.ReadCoils(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
320 }
321 catch (Exception e)
322 {
323 MessageBox.Show(e.Message);
324 }
325 for (int i = 0; i < x.coilsBuffer.Length; i++)
326 {
327 message = message + x.coilsBuffer[i] + " ";
328 }
329 //MessageBox.Show(message);
330 return Json(message);
331 }
332 /// <summary>
333 /// 写多个线圈
334 /// http://192.168.3.252:2000/api/home/WriteMultiCoil?slaveAdd=1&address=99&message=1%200%200%200%201%201%201%201
335 /// </summary>
336 /// <param name="slaveAdd">从站地址</param>
337 /// <param name="address">线圈首地址</param>
338 /// <param name="message">信息，空格分开</param>
339 [HttpGet]
340 public void WriteMultiCoil(string slaveAdd, string address, string message)
341 {
342 master = ModbusSerialMaster.CreateRtu(port);
343 byte slaveAddress = byte.Parse(slaveAdd);
344 ushort startAddress = ushort.Parse(address);
345
346 slaveAddress = byte.Parse(slaveAdd);
347 startAddress = ushort.Parse(address);
348
349 //转化ushort数组
350 string[] strarr = message.Split(' ');
351 x.coilsBuffer = new bool[strarr.Length];
352 for (int i = 0; i < strarr.Length; i++)
353 {
354 if (strarr[i] == "0")
355 {
356 x.coilsBuffer[i] = false;
357 }
358 else
359 {
360 x.coilsBuffer[i] = true;
361 }
362 }
363 master.WriteMultipleCoilsAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, x.coilsBuffer);
364 return;
365
366 }
367 }
368 }
369 }
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