python-tkinter实现电子算盘

本文主要是介绍python-tkinter实现电子算盘，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

Python可视化训练

一实验目的

1.使学生综合运用图形用户界面设计的概念；

2.使学生熟悉使用中间面板，组成层次复杂的GUI界面；

3.使学生掌握Python图形绘制和图像处理步骤与方法；

4.使学生掌握Python可视化处理的步骤、方法与编程；

二实验环境及实验准备

1.所需硬件环境为微机；

2.所需软件环境为Python 3.X等；

3.掌握Python下界面容器与基本组件的基本知识与应用；

4.掌握Python下事件处理模型；

5.掌握Python下图形绘制的方法；

三实验内容

（一）、设计实现电子算盘，并完成测试

【题目描述】

给小朋友设计一个电子算盘。要求绘制电子算盘界面，设计并实现打珠算过程（界面参考如下图示）。

界面右侧要求以图形绘制的方式绘制自画像，注意不能是图像文件显示的形式。

【源代码程序】（鼠标左击上移，右击下移）

from tkinter import *

tk = Tk()
tk.title("电子算盘")  # 窗口名称
tank = Canvas(tk, width=1000, height=600, bg='ivory')  # 创建画板
tank.pack()  # 显示画板
tank.create_rectangle(30, 30, 520, 190, width=3)  # 左上侧方框
tank.create_rectangle(30, 190, 520, 570, width=3)  # 左下侧方框
tank.create_oval(900, 400, 620, 120, fill='yellow')
tank.create_oval(800, 200, 850, 250, fill='black', tags='left')
tank.create_oval(670, 200, 720, 250, fill='black', tags='right')
tank.create_line(695, 320, 825, 320, width=5, tags='mouth')
backround_image = PhotoImage(file="orange2.png")  # 上珠图片
backround_image2 = PhotoImage(file="yellow2.png")  # 下珠图片
button = Button()
button1 = [button for i in range(5)]  # 5个上珠
button2 = [[button for i in range(5)] for i in range(4)]  # 四行，每行五个下珠
num = [[0 for i in range(5)] for i in range(4)]  # 五个下珠分别对应的数值
num2 = [0 for i in range(5)]  # 五个上珠分别对应的数值


def getNum(num, num2):  # 计算算盘总和
    sum_ = 0
    for i in num:
        for j in i:
            sum_ += j
    for i in num2:
        sum_ += i
    return sum_


def button_click_back(events):  # 鼠标右击点击事件触发
    widget = events.widget
    for i in range(5):
        if widget == button1[i]:
            button1[i].place(x=40 + 100 * i, y=50 + 70 * 1)
            num2[i] = 0
            label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
            label.place(x=780, y=30)
    for i in range(4):
        for j in range(5):
            if widget == button2[i][j]:
                if i == 3:
                    button2[3][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 1))
                    num[3][j] = 0
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                if i == 2:
                    button2[2][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 1))
                    button2[3][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 2))
                    num[2][j] = 0
                    num[3][j] = 0
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                if i == 1:
                    button2[1][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 1))
                    button2[2][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 2))
                    button2[3][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 3))
                    num[1][j] = 0
                    num[2][j] = 0
                    num[3][j] = 0
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                if i == 0:
                    button2[0][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 1))
                    button2[1][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 2))
                    button2[2][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 3))
                    button2[3][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 4))
                    num[0][j] = 0
                    num[1][j] = 0
                    num[2][j] = 0
                    num[3][j] = 0
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)


def button_click(events):  # 鼠标左击点击事件触发
    widget = events.widget
    for i in range(5):
        if widget == button1[i]:
            button1[i].place(x=40 + 100 * i, y=50 + 70 * 0)
            num2[i] = 10 ** (4 - i) * 5
            label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
            label.place(x=780, y=30)

    for i in range(4):
        for j in range(5):
            if widget == button2[i][j]:
                if i == 3:
                    button2[0][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i - 3))
                    button2[1][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i - 2))
                    button2[2][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i - 1))
                    button2[3][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i))
                    num[0][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[1][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[2][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[3][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                if i == 2:
                    button2[0][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210)
                    button2[1][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * 1)
                    button2[2][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * 2)
                    num[0][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[1][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[2][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                if i == 1:
                    button2[0][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210)
                    button2[1][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * 1)
                    num[0][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[1][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                else:
                    button2[i][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * i)
                    num[0][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)


for i in range(5):  # 生成5个上珠
    button1[i] = Button(tk, image=backround_image)
    button1[i].bind("<Button-1>", button_click)
    button1[i].bind("<Button-3>", button_click_back)
    button1[i]["bg"] = "ivory"
    button1[i]["border"] = "0"
    button1[i].place(x=40 + 100 * i, y=50 + 70)
for i in range(4):  # 四行，每行生成5个下珠
    for j in range(5):
        button2[i][j] = Button(tk, image=backround_image2)
        button2[i][j].bind("<Button-1>", button_click)
        button2[i][j].bind("<Button-3>", button_click_back)
        button2[i][j]["bg"] = "ivory"
        button2[i][j]["border"] = "0"
        button2[i][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 1))

tk.mainloop()

【运行测试】

（二）、以（一）中的电子算盘为基础，设计并实现珠算测试器，并完成测试。

【题目描述】

给小朋友设计一个珠算测试器，要求能够完成珠算加减法的测试。具体的要求功能如下：

(1)    用户启动测试，输入用户名后系统随机生成特定数目的加减法测试题；

(2) 要求测试使用表盘式或数字时秒表进行界面计时显示（参考如上图示）；

(3) 对于每道测试题目，要求用户使用电子算盘完成珠算过程，当按下确认键时，将珠算结果与正确答案比对，并在界面上显示总题数、已答题数和已做对题数；

(4) 当测试完成，界面显示本次测试情况（包括用户名、测试题目及答题明细、对错情况、测试用时和测试成绩）

【源代码程序】

from random import randint
from tkinter import *
import tkinter.messagebox as msgbox

tk = Tk()
tk.title("电子算盘")  # 窗口名称
tank = Canvas(tk, width=1000, height=600, bg='ivory')  # 创建画板
tank.pack()  # 显示画板
tank.create_rectangle(30, 30, 520, 190, width=3)  # 左上侧方框
tank.create_rectangle(30, 190, 520, 570, width=3)  # 左下侧方框
# tank.create_oval(900, 400, 620, 120, fill='yellow')
# tank.create_oval(800, 200, 850, 250, fill='black', tags='left')
# tank.create_oval(670, 200, 720, 250, fill='black', tags='right')
# tank.create_line(695, 320, 825, 320, width=5, tags='mouth')
backround_image = PhotoImage(file="orange2.png")  # 上珠图片
backround_image2 = PhotoImage(file="yellow2.png")  # 下珠图片
button = Button()
button1 = [button for i in range(5)]  # 5个上珠
button2 = [[button for i in range(5)] for i in range(4)]  # 四行，每行五个下珠
num = [[0 for i in range(5)] for i in range(4)]  # 五个下珠分别对应的数值
num2 = [0 for i in range(5)]  # 五个上珠分别对应的数值

counter = 0

sure = Button()  # 确定按钮
st = Button()  # 启动检测按钮
equation = Label()  # 算式
answer = Label(width=50, height=7)  # 答题情况
name = Entry()  # 用户名输入
true_result = Label(width=50, height=4)  # 上一题的正确答案
digit = Label(tk, bg='yellow', fg='blue', height=5, width=25, font='宋体 10 bold')  # 计时器
true = 0  # 已做对题数
false = 0  # 做错题数
score = 0  # 题目得分
result = 0  # 每道题的正确答案
topic = ""  # 题目


def run_counter(digit, second):  # 计时器
    def counting():
        global counter
        if second == 1:
            counter += 1
        else:
            counter += 0
        digit.config(text="计时器:" + str(counter))
        digit.after(1000, counting)

    counting()


def getNum(num, num2):  # 计算算盘总和
    sum_ = 0
    for i in num:
        for j in i:
            sum_ += j
    for i in num2:
        sum_ += i
    return sum_


def suanshi():  # 生成随机加减法测试题
    answer = 0
    operator = ""
    num1 = 0
    num2 = 0
    p = randint(1, 2)
    if p == 1:
        while True:
            num1 = randint(0, 99999)
            num2 = randint(0, 99999)
            if num1 + num2 <= 99999:
                break
        answer = num1 + num2
        operator = "+"
    elif p == 2:
        while True:
            num1 = randint(0, 99999)
            num2 = randint(0, 99999)
            if num1 - num2 > 0:
                break
        answer = num1 - num2
        operator = "-"
    equation = str(num1) + operator + str(num2)
    return equation, answer


def button_click_back(events):  # 鼠标右击点击事件触发
    widget = events.widget
    for i in range(5):
        if widget == button1[i]:
            button1[i].place(x=40 + 100 * i, y=50 + 70 * 1)
            num2[i] = 0
            label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
            label.place(x=780, y=30)
    for i in range(4):
        for j in range(5):
            if widget == button2[i][j]:
                if i == 3:
                    button2[3][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 1))
                    num[3][j] = 0
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                if i == 2:
                    button2[2][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 1))
                    button2[3][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 2))
                    num[2][j] = 0
                    num[3][j] = 0
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                if i == 1:
                    button2[1][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 1))
                    button2[2][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 2))
                    button2[3][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 3))
                    num[1][j] = 0
                    num[2][j] = 0
                    num[3][j] = 0
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                if i == 0:
                    button2[0][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 1))
                    button2[1][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 2))
                    button2[2][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 3))
                    button2[3][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 4))
                    num[0][j] = 0
                    num[1][j] = 0
                    num[2][j] = 0
                    num[3][j] = 0
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)


def button_click(events):  # 鼠标左击点击事件触发
    widget = events.widget
    for i in range(5):
        if widget == button1[i]:
            button1[i].place(x=40 + 100 * i, y=50 + 70 * 0)
            num2[i] = 10 ** (4 - i) * 5
            label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
            label.place(x=780, y=30)

    for i in range(4):
        for j in range(5):
            if widget == button2[i][j]:
                if i == 3:
                    button2[0][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i - 3))
                    button2[1][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i - 2))
                    button2[2][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i - 1))
                    button2[3][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i))
                    num[0][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[1][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[2][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[3][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                if i == 2:
                    button2[0][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210)
                    button2[1][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * 1)
                    button2[2][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * 2)
                    num[0][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[1][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[2][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                if i == 1:
                    button2[0][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210)
                    button2[1][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * 1)
                    num[0][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    num[1][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)
                else:
                    button2[i][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * i)
                    num[0][j] = 10 ** (4 - j) * 1
                    label = Label(tk, text="当前数字：" + str(getNum(num, num2)), width=30, height=4)
                    label.place(x=780, y=30)


def start():
    global name
    global equation
    global sure
    global result
    global digit
    global topic
    st.place_forget()
    digit.place(x=540, y=30)
    run_counter(digit, 1)

    Label(tk, text="用户名", bg="ivory").place(x=540, y=150)
    name = Entry(tk, show='', font=('Arial', 14))
    name.place(x=580, y=150)

    p = suanshi()
    topic = p[0]
    result = p[1]
    equation = Label(tk, text=topic, width=40, height=4)
    equation.place(x=540, y=200)
    sure = Button(text="确定", command=judge, width=10, height=3)
    sure.place(x=850, y=200)


def judge():  # 判断结果
    global true
    global false
    global score
    global topic
    global result
    global true_result
    if true + false == 5:
        msgbox.showinfo('温馨提示', '恭喜您已做完所有题目！！！')
        answer["text"] = "用户名:" + name.get() + "\n已答题数:" + str(true + false) + "\n做对题数:" + str(true) + "\n做错题数:" \
                         + str(false) + "\n测试时长:" + str(counter) + "s" + "\n测试成绩:" + str(score) + "\n答题完毕！！！"
        answer.place(x=540, y=400)
    else:
        print(getNum(num, num2), result)
        if getNum(num, num2) == result:
            true += 1
            score += 20
        else:
            false += 1
        answer["text"] = "总题数:5\n已答题数:" + str(true + false) + "\n已做对题数:" + str(true) + "\n做错题数:" + str(
            false) + "\n得分:" + str(
            score)
        answer.place(x=540, y=400)
        p = suanshi()
        true_result["text"] = "上一题题目：" + topic + "\n上一题正确答案：" + str(result)
        equation["text"] = p[0]
        result = p[1]
        equation.place(x=540, y=200)
        true_result.place(x=540, y=300)


for i in range(5):  # 生成5个上珠
    button1[i] = Button(tk, image=backround_image)
    button1[i].bind("<Button-1>", button_click)
    button1[i].bind("<Button-3>", button_click_back)
    button1[i]["bg"] = "ivory"
    button1[i]["border"] = "0"
    button1[i].place(x=40 + 100 * i, y=50 + 70)
for i in range(4):  # 四行，每行生成5个下珠
    for j in range(5):
        button2[i][j] = Button(tk, image=backround_image2)
        button2[i][j].bind("<Button-1>", button_click)
        button2[i][j].bind("<Button-3>", button_click_back)
        button2[i][j]["bg"] = "ivory"
        button2[i][j]["border"] = "0"
        button2[i][j].place(x=40 + 100 * j, y=210 + 70 * (i + 1))

st = Button(text="启动测试", command=start, width=50, height=10)
st.place(x=600, y=100)
tk.mainloop()

【运行测试】

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