C# XML解析
2022/6/1 1:21:12
本文主要是介绍C# XML解析,对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值,需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧!
通过XML属性解析
XML文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <Lists> <List> <Item CN="CN1" EN="SN1">Item1</Item> <Item CN="CN2" EN="SN2">Item2</Item> <Item CN="CN3" EN="SN3">Item3</Item> <Item CN="CN4" EN="SN4">Item4</Item> <Item CN="CN5" EN="SN5">Item5</Item> </List> <key> <ID id="1">id</ID> <Name name="2">name</Name> </key> </Lists>
解析
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); //doc.LoadXml("XML字符串"); doc.Load("XML文件路径"); var listNodes = doc.SelectSingleNode("Lists").ChildNodes[0];//表示Lists下的List的所有数据 var keyNodes = doc.SelectSingleNode("Lists").ChildNodes[1];//表示Lists下的key的所有数据 #region 获取属性的值 //获取属性的值 string CN1 = listNodes.SelectSingleNode("Item").Attributes["CN"].Value;//SelectSingleNode 表示第一个 CN1 = ((XmlElement)listNodes.SelectSingleNode("Item")).GetAttribute("CN"); CN1 = listNodes.SelectNodes("Item")[0].Attributes["CN"].Value; //SelectNodes 表示查询所有 CN1 = doc.SelectSingleNode("Lists/List/Item").Attributes["CN"].Value; CN1 = doc.SelectNodes("Lists/List/Item")[0].Attributes["CN"].Value; string EN2 = listNodes.SelectNodes("Item")[1].Attributes["EN"].Value; //SelectNodes 表示查询所有 EN2 = doc.SelectNodes("Lists/List/Item")[1].Attributes["EN"].Value; string one = keyNodes.SelectSingleNode("ID").Attributes["id"].Value; string two = keyNodes.SelectSingleNode("Name").Attributes["name"].Value; #endregion #region 获取节点的值 //获取节点的值 string Item1 = doc.SelectSingleNode("Lists/List/Item").InnerText; Item1 = listNodes.SelectSingleNode("Item").InnerText; string Item2 = doc.SelectNodes("Lists/List/Item")[1].InnerText; string id = doc.SelectSingleNode("Lists/key/ID").InnerText; string name = doc.SelectSingleNode("Lists/key/Name").InnerText; id = keyNodes.SelectSingleNode("ID").InnerText; name = keyNodes.SelectSingleNode("Name").InnerText; #endregion #region 循环遍历读取,添加至 Dictionary Dictionary<string, string> dic = new Dictionary<string, string>(); var nodes = doc.SelectSingleNode("Lists/key").ChildNodes; foreach (XmlNode item in nodes) { XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)item; string id2 = xe.GetAttribute("id");//属性 dic.Add(xe.Name, xe.InnerText); } string id3 = dic.FirstOrDefault(q => q.Key == "ID").Value; #endregion
XML转换对象
XMLHelper类
using System; using System.IO; using System.Text; using System.Xml; using System.Xml.Serialization; namespace ConsoleApp2 { /// <summary> /// XML工具类 /// </summary> public static class XmlHelper { /// <summary> /// 将一个对象序列化为XML字符串。这个方法将不生成XML文档声明头。 /// </summary> /// <param name="o">要序列化的对象</param> /// <returns>序列化产生的XML字符串</returns> public static string XmlSerializerObject(object o) { if (o == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("对象不能为null"); Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8; XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType()); using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream()) { XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings(); settings.Indent = true; settings.NewLineChars = "\r\n"; settings.Encoding = encoding; settings.OmitXmlDeclaration = true; settings.IndentChars = " "; XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces(); ns.Add("", ""); using (XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create(stream, settings)) { serializer.Serialize(writer, o, ns); writer.Close(); } //return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray()); stream.Position = 0; using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, encoding)) { return reader.ReadToEnd(); } } } private static void XmlSerializeInternal(Stream stream, object o, Encoding encoding) { if (o == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("o"); if (encoding == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("encoding"); XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType()); XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings(); settings.Indent = true; settings.NewLineChars = "\r\n"; settings.Encoding = encoding; settings.IndentChars = " "; using (XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create(stream, settings)) { serializer.Serialize(writer, o); } } /// <summary> /// 将一个对象序列化为XML字符串 /// </summary> /// <param name="o">要序列化的对象</param> /// <param name="encoding">编码方式</param> /// <returns>序列化产生的XML字符串</returns> public static string XmlSerialize(object o, Encoding encoding) { using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream()) { XmlSerializeInternal(stream, o, encoding); stream.Position = 0; using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, encoding)) { return reader.ReadToEnd(); } } } /// <summary> /// 将一个对象按XML序列化的方式写入到一个文件(采用UTF8编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="o">要序列化的对象</param> /// <param name="path">保存文件路径</param> public static void XmlSerializeToFile(object o, string path) { XmlSerializeToFile(o, path, Encoding.UTF8); } /// <summary> /// 将一个对象按XML序列化的方式写入到一个文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="o">要序列化的对象</param> /// <param name="path">保存文件路径</param> /// <param name="encoding">编码方式</param> public static void XmlSerializeToFile(object o, string path, Encoding encoding) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(path)) throw new ArgumentNullException("path"); using (FileStream file = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)) { XmlSerializeInternal(file, o, encoding); } } /// <summary> /// 从XML字符串流中反序列化对象 /// </summary> /// <param name="stream">包含对象的XML字符串流</param> /// <param name="destType">要序列化的目标类型</param> /// <returns>反序列化得到的对象</returns> public static object XmlDeserialize(Stream stream, Type destType) { if (stream == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("stream"); if (destType == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("destType"); XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(destType); using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(stream)) { return mySerializer.Deserialize(sr); } } /// <summary> /// 从XML字符串中反序列化对象 /// </summary> /// <param name="s">包含对象的XML字符串</param> /// <param name="destType">要序列化的目标类型</param> /// <param name="encoding">编码方式</param> /// <returns>反序列化得到的对象</returns> public static object XmlDeserialize(string s, Type destType, Encoding encoding) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(s)) throw new ArgumentNullException("s"); if (destType == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("destType"); if (encoding == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("encoding"); using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(encoding.GetBytes(s))) { return XmlDeserialize(ms, destType); } } /// <summary> /// 从XML字符串中反序列化对象 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">结果对象类型</typeparam> /// <param name="s">包含对象的XML字符串</param> /// <returns>反序列化得到的对象</returns> public static T XmlDeserialize<T>(string s) { return (T)XmlDeserialize(s, typeof(T), Encoding.UTF8); } /// <summary> /// 读入一个文件,并按XML的方式反序列化对象。 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">结果对象类型</typeparam> /// <param name="path">文件路径</param> /// <returns>反序列化得到的对象</returns> public static T XmlDeserializeFromFile<T>(string path) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(path)) throw new ArgumentNullException("path"); try { using (FileStream fs = File.Open(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read)) { return (T)XmlDeserialize(fs, typeof(T)); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw new InvalidDataException("XML反序列失败,当前文件:" + path, ex); } } /// <summary> /// 获取XML跟节点的值 /// </summary> /// <param name="path">文件路径</param> /// <returns></returns> public static string XmlGetElementName(string path) { XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument(); xmlDoc.Load(path); return xmlDoc.DocumentElement.Name; } } }
XML文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <Entity xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" Id="04f16101-0256-4228-b7a8-08d95590738f" Name="测试名称" DisplayName="备注"> <Status StatusId="ca119874-1788-479f-b79b-08d95590738z">成功</Status> <Tags>标签A</Tags> <Tags>标签B</Tags> <Tags>标签C</Tags> <Attributes> <Attribute Status="1" Type="type"> <Id>ca119874-1788-479f-b79b-08d95590738f</Id> <Name>张三</Name> </Attribute> <Attribute Status="2" Type="type"> <Id>ca119874-1788-479f-b79b-08d955907382</Id> <Name>李四</Name> </Attribute> </Attributes> </Entity>
XML转换成对象
var Metadata = XmlHelper.XmlDeserializeFromFile<Entity>(@"F:\DownLoad\Test2.xml");
实体类
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Xml.Serialization; namespace ConsoleApp2 { [XmlRoot("Entity")] public class Entity { [XmlAttribute("Id")] public Guid EntityId { get; set; } [XmlAttribute] public string Name { get; set; } [XmlAttribute] public string DisplayName { get; set; } [XmlElement("Status")] public StatusEntity StatusEntity { get; set; } //[XmlArrayItem("Attribute")] //和[XmlType("Attribute")] 效果一样 [XmlArray("Attributes")] public List<Attributes> Attributes { get; set; } [XmlElement("Tags")] public List<string> Tags { set; get; } [XmlIgnore] public string Name2 { get; set; } } [XmlRoot("Status")] public class StatusEntity { [XmlAttribute("StatusId")] public string Id { get; set; } [XmlText] //获取Status 节点的值 public string Value { get; set; } } [XmlType("Attribute")] public class Attributes { [XmlElement("Id")] public Guid AttributeId { get; set; } [XmlAttribute("Type")] public string Type { get; set; } [XmlElement] public string Name { get; set; } } }
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