.NET 6 + EF Core + MySQL + Docker + Identity +MVC 学习笔记 (三)
2022/7/13 2:21:46
本文主要是介绍.NET 6 + EF Core + MySQL + Docker + Identity +MVC 学习笔记 (三),对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值,需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧!
环境准备:
1、VS 2022 免费社区版
本章目标:
1、增加 用户 列表显示页面;
2、增加 角色 维护主页面;
3、增加 编辑 角色下属 用户 界面;
4、
1、增加 用户列表 显示页面
新建一个 UserAdmin的控制器:
就选择 MVC 控制器-空:
名称: UserAdminController
打开UserAdminController.cs后,在默认的 Index 右键选择 添加视图:
简单一点,就用空视图:
名字不用改,就Index.cshtml
会自动在 Views目录下,增加 UserAdmin 目录,并增加空的 Index.cshtml ,并自动打开:
在Index.cshtml 视图中插入 显示用户列表的 View,代码如下:
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity @model IEnumerable<IdentityUser> @{ ViewBag.Title = "Index"; } <div class="panel panel-primary"> <div class="panel-heading"> 用户列表 </div> <table class="table table-striped"> <tr><th>Name</th><th>Email</th><th>PhoneNumber</th><th></th></tr> @if (Model.Count() == 0) { <tr><td colspan="4" class="text-center">无用户</td></tr> } else { foreach (IdentityUser user in Model) { <tr> <td>@user.UserName</td> <td>@user.Email</td> <td>@user.PhoneNumber</td> <td> @Html.ActionLink("密码重置", "ResetPassword", new { id = user.Id }, new { @class = "btn btn-warning btn-xs" }) @Html.ActionLink("编辑", "Edit", new { id = user.Id }, new { @class = "btn btn-primary btn-xs" }) @Html.ActionLink("删除", "Delete", new { id = user.Id }, new { @class = "btn btn-danger btn-xs" }) </td> </tr> } } </table> </div>
修改 UserAdminController ,先把 UserManager 传入,再修改 Index View的返回为所有 User:
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; namespace POSystem.Controllers { public class UserAdminController : Controller { private readonly UserManager<IdentityUser> _userManager; public UserAdminController(UserManager<IdentityUser> userManager) { _userManager = userManager; } public IActionResult Index() { return View(_userManager.Users); } } }
先把这个UserAdmin的按钮入口 放在 Home和Privacy菜单的中间,修改_Layout.cshtml
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse d-sm-inline-flex justify-content-between"> <ul class="navbar-nav flex-grow-1"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link text-dark" asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Index">Home</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link text-dark" asp-area="" asp-controller="UserAdmin" asp-action="Index">用户管理</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link text-dark" asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Privacy">Privacy</a> </li> </ul> <partial name="_LoginPartial" /> </div>
列表效果:
注:密码重置、编辑、删除 待补充。
2、增加 角色 维护主页面;
增加一个角色维护管理页面来为用户分配角色;先添加一个RoleAdminController 控制器:
同样再加个Index View:
修改 RoleAdminController, 传入 RoleManager, Index返回所有Role给View:
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; namespace POSystem.Controllers { public class RoleAdminController : Controller { private readonly RoleManager<IdentityRole> _roleManager; public RoleAdminController(RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleManager) { _roleManager = roleManager; } public IActionResult Index() { return View(_roleManager.Roles); } } }
修改Index View,先最简单的显示一个列表:
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity @model IEnumerable<IdentityRole> @{ ViewBag.Title = "Index"; } <div class="panel panel-primary"> <div class="panel-heading"> 角色列表 </div> <table class="table table-striped"> <tr><th>Name</th><th></th></tr> @if (Model.Count() == 0) { <tr><td colspan="4" class="text-center">无角色</td></tr> } else { foreach (IdentityRole role in Model) { <tr> <td>@role.Name</td> <td> @Html.ActionLink("编辑", "Edit", new { id = role.Id }, new { @class = "btn btn-primary btn-xs" }) @Html.ActionLink("删除", "Delete", new { id = role.Id }, new { @class = "btn btn-danger btn-xs" }) </td> </tr> } } </table> </div>@Html.ActionLink("新建", "Create","RoleAdmin",null, new { @class = "btn btn-primary btn-xs" })
继续修改 _Layout.cshtml :
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse d-sm-inline-flex justify-content-between"> <ul class="navbar-nav flex-grow-1"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link text-dark" asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Index">Home</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link text-dark" asp-area="" asp-controller="UserAdmin" asp-action="Index">用户管理</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link text-dark" asp-area="" asp-controller="RoleAdmin" asp-action="Index">角色管理</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link text-dark" asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Privacy">Privacy</a> </li> </ul> <partial name="_LoginPartial" /> </div>
跑起来看到有角色管理这个按钮了:
但是一点就出错:
初步研究,应该是没有加这个:
builder.Services.AddDefaultIdentity<IdentityUser>(options => options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedAccount = true)
.AddRoles<IdentityRole>()
.AddRoleManager<RoleManager<IdentityRole>>()
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();
加完,能正常显示RoleAdmin的Index:
在RoleAdmin 控制器中增加 Create Action :
public ActionResult Create() { return View(); } [HttpPost] public async Task<ActionResult> Create([Required] string name) { if (ModelState.IsValid) { IdentityResult result = await _roleManager.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(name)); if (result.Succeeded) { return RedirectToAction("Index"); } else { AddErrorsFromResult(result); } } return View(); } private void AddErrorsFromResult(IdentityResult result) { foreach (IdentityError error in result.Errors) { ModelState.AddModelError("", error.Description); } }
再为Create Action 添加一个空视图,并把以下视图代码加入:
@model string @{ ViewBag.Title = "新增角色";} <h2>新增角色</h2> @Html.ValidationSummary(false) @using (Html.BeginForm()) { <div class="form-group"> <label>Name</label> <input name="name" value="@Model" class="form-control" /> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">新增</button> @Html.ActionLink("取消", "Index", "RoleAdmin", null, new { @class = "btn btn-default btn-xs" }) }
运行后,点击 新建 按钮:
建一个 Admin 、ReadOnlyUser 、OperationUser :
3、增加 编辑 角色下属 用户 界面;
考虑在角色界面,显示每个角色对应的用户;并增加角色维护用户页面(即 编辑 页面)
先增加两个ViewModel:
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity; namespace POSystem.Models { public class RoleViewModel { public IdentityRole Role { get; set; } public IEnumerable<IdentityUser> Members { get; set; } public IEnumerable<IdentityUser> NonMembers { get; set; } } }
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace POSystem.Models { public class RoleModificationModel { [Required] public string RoleName { get; set; } public string[]? IdsToAdd { get; set; } public string[]? IdsToDelete { get; set; } } }
private readonly RoleManager<IdentityRole> _roleManager; private readonly UserManager<IdentityUser> _userManager; public RoleAdminController(RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleManager, UserManager<IdentityUser> userManager) { _roleManager = roleManager; _userManager = userManager; }
RoleAdmin改写成以上,首先是把 RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleManager, UserManager<IdentityUser> userManager 传进来;
增加 Edit 两个Action, 一个HTTP GET 一个对应HTTP POST:
public async Task<ActionResult> Edit(string id) { IdentityRole role = await _roleManager.FindByIdAsync(id); IEnumerable<IdentityUser> members = await _userManager.GetUsersInRoleAsync(role.Name); List<IdentityUser> nonMembers = new List<IdentityUser>(); foreach (IdentityUser user in _userManager.Users) { if (!members.Any(x => x.Id.Equals(user.Id))) { nonMembers.Add(user); } } return View(new RoleViewModel { Role = role, Members = members, NonMembers = nonMembers }); } [HttpPost] public async Task<ActionResult> Edit(RoleModificationModel model) { IdentityResult result; if (ModelState.IsValid) { foreach (string userId in model.IdsToAdd ?? new string[] { }) { var user = await _userManager.FindByIdAsync(userId); result = await _userManager.AddToRoleAsync(user, model.RoleName); if (!result.Succeeded) { return View("Error", result.Errors); } } foreach (string userId in model.IdsToDelete ?? new string[] { }) { var user = await _userManager.FindByIdAsync(userId); result = await _userManager.RemoveFromRoleAsync(user, model.RoleName); if (!result.Succeeded) { return View("Error", result.Errors); } } return RedirectToAction("Index"); } return View("Error", new string[] { "Role Not Found" }); }
增加Edit的视图,用空视图,然后用以下代码代替:
@using POSystem.Models @using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity @model RoleViewModel @{ ViewBag.Title = "Edit Role";} @Html.ValidationSummary() @using (Html.BeginForm()) { <input type="hidden" name="roleName" value="@Model.Role.Name" /> <div class="panel panel-primary"> <div class="panel-heading">添加用户至角色:@Model.Role.Name</div> <table class="table table-striped"> @if (Model.NonMembers.Count() == 0) { <tr><td colspan="2">所有用户已添加</td></tr> } else { <tr><td>用户名</td><td>添加至角色</td></tr> foreach (IdentityUser user in Model.NonMembers) { <tr> <td>@user.UserName</td> <td> <input type="checkbox" name="IdsToAdd" value="@user.Id"> </td> </tr> } } </table> </div> <div class="panel panel-primary"> <div class="panel-heading">从角色:@Model.Role.Name 中移除用户</div> <table class="table table-striped"> @if (Model.Members.Count() == 0) { <tr><td colspan="2">无下属用户</td></tr> } else { <tr><td>用户名</td><td>从角色中移除</td></tr> foreach (IdentityUser user in Model.Members) { <tr> <td>@user.UserName</td> <td> <input type="checkbox" name="IdsToDelete" value="@user.Id"> </td> </tr> } } </table> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">保存</button> @Html.ActionLink("取消", "Index", null, null, new { @class = "btn btn-default" }) }
点击 ReadOnlyUser 角色的编辑按钮,可以勾选用户添加至角色:
上一步点保存后,再点击 ReadOnlyUser 角色的编辑按钮,可以看到 已经在角色列表,并可以勾选移除:
为了直观的显示每个角色下面有哪些用户,则考虑修改Index Action和视图:
public async Task<IActionResult> Index() { List<RoleViewModel> roleviewmodels = new List<RoleViewModel>(); foreach (IdentityRole role in _roleManager.Roles.ToList()) { RoleViewModel newrole = new RoleViewModel(); newrole.Role = role; newrole.Members = await _userManager.GetUsersInRoleAsync(role.Name); roleviewmodels.Add(newrole); } return View(roleviewmodels); }
此处有个 MySQL 和 MSSQL不同的地方,如果红色的 .ToList() 不加,则会报错,提示:
InvalidOperationException: This MySqlConnection is already in use. See https://fl.vu/mysql-conn-reuse
最后经过查询,知道MySQL不支持一个特性:MultipleActiveResultSets
修改Index 视图如下:
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity @model IEnumerable<RoleViewModel> @{ ViewBag.Title = "Index"; } <div class="panel panel-primary"> <div class="panel-heading"> 角色列表 </div> <table class="table table-striped"> <tr><th>角色名</th><th>下属用户</th><th></th></tr> @if (Model.Count() == 0) { <tr><td colspan="4" class="text-center">无角色</td></tr> } else { foreach (RoleViewModel roleview in Model) { <tr> <td>@roleview.Role.Name</td> <td> @foreach (IdentityUser user in @roleview.Members) { @user.UserName@Html.Label(";") } </td> <td>@Html.ActionLink("编辑", "Edit", new { id = roleview.Role.Id },new { @class = "btn btn-primary btn-xs" }) @Html.ActionLink("删除", "Delete", new { id = roleview.Role.Id },new { @class = "btn btn-danger btn-xs" }) </td> </tr> } } </table> </div> @Html.ActionLink("新建", "Create","RoleAdmin",null, new { @class = "btn btn-primary btn-xs" })
最后体现结果:
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