K3S 系列文章-RHEL7.8 离线有代理条件下安装 K3S

2023/2/26 21:20:52

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一基础信息

1.1 前提

本次安装的为 k3s 1.21.7+k3s1
VM 版本为 RHEL 7.8, 7.9 或 8.2, 8.3, 8.4(K3s 官网要求）
VM YUM 仓库：已配置对应版本的 RHEL 和 EPEL YUM 仓库
VM 提供 root 权限
已配置 ntp（防止因为时间不一致导致的诡异问题）
提供 Proxy 访问互联网 K3s 相关域名；
端口要求，为了正常运行，K3s 需要在 K3s 节点和下游 Kubernetes 集群节点上开放一些端口。端口需求列出了不同集群类型的 K3s 和下游集群的所有必要端口。具体如下表：

K3S

协议	端口	源	目的	描述
TCP	6443	K3s agent 节点	K3s server 节点	Kubernetes API Server
UDP	8472	K3s server 和 agent 节点	K3s server 和 agent 节点	仅对 Flannel VXLAN 需要
TCP	10250	K3s server 和 agent 节点	K3s server 和 agent 节点	Kubelet metrics

✅ 成功：

如果以上前期条件均已满足。

即可以通过「离线 - 有代理」方式进行安装。

1.2 VM 信息

ℹ️ 信息：

OS 配置 Proxy 过程略

1.2 Proxy 信息

ftp_proxy="http://192.168.0.1:8080"
http_proxy="http://192.168.0.1:8080"
https_proxy="http://192.168.0.1:8080"

proxy 需要 allow 的 doamin 如下：

域名	用途
http://mirror.cnrancher.com	Rancher 国内组件源
https://registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com	Rancher 国内镜像源
https://dockerauth.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com	Rancher 国内镜像源
http://mirrors.aliyun.com	YUM 源
https://mirrors.aliyun.com	YUM 源
https://rpm.rancher.com	Rancher 源

🧠 评论：

以上的 allowed domain 可能不全，需要进一步补充。

二「离线 - 有代理」方式安装

🧠 评论：

本次环境为：离线，有代理。

通过代理安装部署。

假设 K3s 所在主机 IP 地址为：192.168.0.101

假设需要安装在 /data 目录下

2.1 安装 K3S

（可选）创建私有仓库配置：

# mkdir -p /data/rancher/k3s
# vi /data/rancher/k3s/registries.yaml

mirrors:
  docker.io:
    endpoint:
      - "https://registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com"
      - "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"

安装 K3S：

# curl -sfL http://rancher-mirror.cnrancher.com/k3s/k3s-install.sh | INSTALL_K3S_SKIP_DOWNLOAD=false INSTALL_K3S_VERSION=v1.21.7+k3s1 K3S_KUBECONFIG_MODE="644" INSTALL_K3S_MIRROR=cn K3S_CLUSTER_INIT INSTALL_K3S_EXEC="--tls-san 192.168.0.101 --pause-image registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/rancher/pause:3.6 --private-registry '/data/rancher/k3s/registries.yaml' --data-dir /data/rancher/k3s --default-local-storage-path /data/rancher/k3s/storage --disable-cloud-controller" sh -s -

输出如下：

[INFO]  Using v1.21.7+k3s1 as release
[INFO]  Downloading hash http://rancher-mirror.cnrancher.com/k3s/v1.21.7-k3s1/sha256sum-amd64.txt
[INFO]  Downloading binary http://rancher-mirror.cnrancher.com/k3s/v1.21.7-k3s1/k3s
[INFO]  Verifying binary download
[INFO]  Installing k3s to /usr/local/bin/k3s
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base                                                                                                                                  | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
epel                                                                                                                                  | 4.7 kB  00:00:00
extras                                                                                                                                | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
updates                                                                                                                               | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
(1/2): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                         | 1.0 MB  00:00:00
(2/2): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                         | 7.0 MB  00:00:02
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-54.el7_8 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================================================================
 Package                               Arch                               Version                                     Repository                        Size
=============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 yum-utils                             noarch                             1.1.31-54.el7_8                             base                             122 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 122 k
Installed size: 337 k
Downloading packages:
yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm                                                                                                  | 122 kB  00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch                                                                                                          1/1
  Verifying  : yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch                                                                                                          1/1

Installed:
  yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-54.el7_8

Complete!
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
rancher-k3s-common-stable                                                                                                             | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
rancher-k3s-common-stable/primary_db                                                                                                  | 2.8 kB  00:00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package k3s-selinux.noarch 0:0.5-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: container-selinux < 2:2.164.2 for package: k3s-selinux-0.5-1.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: container-selinux >= 2.107-3 for package: k3s-selinux-0.5-1.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package container-selinux.noarch 2:2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================================================================
 Package                             Arch                     Version                                      Repository                                   Size
=============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 k3s-selinux                         noarch                   0.5-1.el7                                    rancher-k3s-common-stable                    15 k
Installing for dependencies:
 container-selinux                   noarch                   2:2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8                    extras                                       40 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 55 k
Installed size: 124 k
Downloading packages:
(1/2): container-selinux-2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8.noarch.rpm                                                                           |  40 kB  00:00:00
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/$releasever/rancher-k3s-common-stable/packages/k3s-selinux-0.5-1.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID e257814a: NOKEY
Public key for k3s-selinux-0.5-1.el7.noarch.rpm is not installed
(2/2): k3s-selinux-0.5-1.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                               |  15 kB  00:00:00
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                                                         49 kB/s |  55 kB  00:00:01
Retrieving key from https://rpm.rancher.io/public.key
Importing GPG key 0xE257814A:
 Userid     : "Rancher (CI) <ci@rancher.com>"
 Fingerprint: c8cf f216 4551 26e9 b9c9 18be 925e a29a e257 814a
 From       : https://rpm.rancher.io/public.key
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : 2:container-selinux-2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8.noarch                                                                                        1/2
  Installing : k3s-selinux-0.5-1.el7.noarch                                                                                                              2/2
  Verifying  : k3s-selinux-0.5-1.el7.noarch                                                                                                              1/2
  Verifying  : 2:container-selinux-2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8.noarch                                                                                        2/2

Installed:
  k3s-selinux.noarch 0:0.5-1.el7

Dependency Installed:
  container-selinux.noarch 2:2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8

Complete!
[INFO]  Creating /usr/local/bin/kubectl symlink to k3s
[INFO]  Creating /usr/local/bin/crictl symlink to k3s
[INFO]  Creating /usr/local/bin/ctr symlink to k3s
[INFO]  Creating killall script /usr/local/bin/k3s-killall.sh
[INFO]  Creating uninstall script /usr/local/bin/k3s-uninstall.sh
[INFO]  env: Creating environment file /etc/systemd/system/k3s.service.env
[INFO]  systemd: Creating service file /etc/systemd/system/k3s.service
[INFO]  systemd: Enabling k3s unit
[INFO]  systemd: Starting k3s

运行完成后，使用以下命令查看 K3S 运行状态：

# systemctl status k3s.service
● k3s.service - Lightweight Kubernetes
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/k3s.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2022-01-29 17:05:45 CST; 18s ago
     Docs: https://k3s.io
  Process: 19436 ExecStartPre=/sbin/modprobe overlay (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 19433 ExecStartPre=/sbin/modprobe br_netfilter (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 19442 (k3s-server)
    Tasks: 119
   Memory: 586.7M
   CGroup: /system.slice/k3s.service
           ├─19442 /usr/local/bin/k3s server
           └─19557 containerd

Jan 29 17:06:03 example01 k3s[19442]: I0129 17:06:03.138349   19442 iptables.go:228] Adding iptables rule: -s 10.42.0.0/16 -d 10.42.0.0/16 -j RETURN
Jan 29 17:06:03 example01 k3s[19442]: I0129 17:06:03.140940   19442 iptables.go:228] Adding iptables rule: -d 10.42.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT
Jan 29 17:06:03 example01 k3s[19442]: I0129 17:06:03.142355   19442 iptables.go:228] Adding iptables rule: -s 10.42.0.0/16 ! -d 224.0.0.0...ASQUERADE
Jan 29 17:06:03 example01 k3s[19442]: I0129 17:06:03.145752   19442 iptables.go:228] Adding iptables rule: ! -s 10.42.0.0/16 -d 10.42.0.0...-j RETURN
Jan 29 17:06:03 example01 k3s[19442]: I0129 17:06:03.148358   19442 iptables.go:228] Adding iptables rule: ! -s 10.42.0.0/16 -d 10.42.0.0...ASQUERADE
Jan 29 17:06:03 example01 k3s[19442]: W0129 17:06:03.297662   19442 handler_proxy.go:101] no RequestInfo found in the context
Jan 29 17:06:03 example01 k3s[19442]: E0129 17:06:03.297804   19442 controller.go:116] loading OpenAPI spec for "v1beta1.metrics.k8s.io" ...available
Jan 29 17:06:03 example01 k3s[19442]: , Header: map[Content-Type:[text/plain; charset=utf-8] X-Content-Type-Options:[nosniff]]
Jan 29 17:06:03 example01 k3s[19442]: I0129 17:06:03.297827   19442 controller.go:129] OpenAPI AggregationController: action for item v1b... Requeue.
Jan 29 17:06:03 example01 k3s[19442]: I0129 17:06:03.551453   19442 request.go:668] Waited for 1.08111535s due to client-side throttling,...unt/token
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

使用如下命令查看 k3s 节点：

# k3s kubectl get node
NAME                STATUS   ROLES                  AGE     VERSION
example01           Ready    control-plane,master   3m37s   v1.21.7+k3s1

ℹ️ 信息：

调整 K3S 安装目录后，k3s token 位置在：/data/rancher/k3s/server/token

总结

至此，K3s 在离线-有代理条件下安装完成。🎉🎉🎉

Master 和 Server 地址：192.168.0.101
K3S API Server 地址：https://192.168.0.101:6443
K3S kubeconfig 配置：位于 /etc/rancher/k3s/k3s.yaml
K3S 存放数据的目录：/data/rancher/k3s
K3S 本地存储类的默认存储路径：/data/rancher/k3s/storage

三人行, 必有我师; 知识共享, 天下为公. 本文由东风微鸣技术博客 EWhisper.cn 编写.

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