Python实现拷贝/删除文件夹的方法详解

from shutil import copytree, ignore_patterns
copytree(source, destination, ignore=ignore_patterns('*.pyc', 'tmp*'))

def copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False, ignore=None):
  names = os.listdir(src)
  if ignore is not None:
    ignored_names = ignore(src, names)
  else:
    ignored_names = set()
  os.makedirs(dst)
  errors = []
  for name in names:
    if name in ignored_names:
      continue
    srcname = os.path.join(src, name)
    dstname = os.path.join(dst, name)
    try:
      if symlinks and os.path.islink(srcname):
        linkto = os.readlink(srcname)
        os.symlink(linkto, dstname)
      elif os.path.isdir(srcname):
        copytree(srcname, dstname, symlinks, ignore)
      else:
        copy2(srcname, dstname)
      # XXX What about devices, sockets etc.?
    except (IOError, os.error) as why:
      errors.append((srcname, dstname, str(why)))
    # catch the Error from the recursive copytree so that we can
    # continue with other files
    except Error as err:
      errors.extend(err.args[0])
  try:
    copystat(src, dst)
  except WindowsError:
    # can't copy file access times on Windows
    pass
  except OSError as why:
    errors.extend((src, dst, str(why)))
  if errors:
    raise Error(errors)

#! /usr/bash/python
# encoding:utf-8
import os
import os.path
import stat
import shutil
class DelDir:
 ''' 删除指定根目录下特定文件夹 '''
 def __init__(self, root, dirname):
 self.root = root
 self.dirname = dirname
 def run(self):
 for r, dirs, files in os.walk(self.root):
  if self.dirname in dirs:
  srcDir = os.path.join(r, self.dirname)
  #更改权限（win7会出现权限问题）
  os.chmod(srcDir, stat.S_IREAD | stat.S_IWRITE)
  result = shutil.rmtree(srcDir, False, self.__handler)
  print "%s" %(srcDir)
 def __handler(self, function, path, excinfo):
 ''' 删除出错处理 '''
 #更改权限（win7会出现权限问题）
 os.chmod(path, stat.S_IREAD | stat.S_IWRITE)
 function(path)
 print "[Handler] ==> Path:%s \n\tHandler the Error: %s" %(path, excinfo)
if __name__ == '__main__':
 rootdir = r"E:\workspace\minioffice\mini-core\src\main\webapp" # 需要处理的文件夹
 rootdir = unicode(rootdir, "utf8")
 dirname = ".svn" # 删除的文件夹
 c = DelDir(rootdir, dirname)
 c.run()

###################################################### -*- coding: GBK -*-
# 文件自动备份脚本
# 作者：阿凡提
import os
import shutil
# 设置待备份的源文件夹及存放备份文件的目标文件夹
srcDir = "f:\\src"
dstDir = "f:\\dst"
# 目录递归拷贝函数
def dir_copyTree(src, dst):
  names = os.listdir(src)
  # 目标文件夹不存在，则新建
  if not os.path.exists(dst):
    os.mkdir(dst)
  # 遍历源文件夹中的文件与文件夹
  for name in names:
    srcname = os.path.join(src, name)
    dstname = os.path.join(dst, name)
    try:
      # 是文件夹则递归调用本拷贝函数，否则直接拷贝文件
      if os.path.isdir(srcname):
        dir_copyTree(srcname, dstname)
      else:
        if (not os.path.exists(dstname)
          or ((os.path.exists(dstname))
            and (os.path.getsize(dstname) != os.path.getsize(srcname)))):
          print dstname
          shutil.copy2(srcname, dst)
    except:
      error.traceback();
      raise
# 备份函数
def dir_backup():
  global srcDir
  global dstDir
  print "源文件夹" + srcDir
  print "目标文件夹" + dstDir
  print "本次拷贝文件："
  dir_copyTree(srcDir, dstDir)
  # 将此句注释则会一闪而过，方便自动备份
  raw_input ("备份完成")
# 执行备份函数
dir_backup()
#####################################################

import os
import os.path
import shutil
def copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False):
  names = os.listdir(src)
  if not os.path.isdir(dst):
    os.makedirs(dst)
  errors = []
  for name in names:
    srcname = os.path.join(src, name)
    dstname = os.path.join(dst, name)
    try:
      if symlinks and os.path.islink(srcname):
        linkto = os.readlink(srcname)
        os.symlink(linkto, dstname)
      elif os.path.isdir(srcname):
        copytree(srcname, dstname, symlinks)
      else:
        if os.path.isdir(dstname):
          os.rmdir(dstname)
        elif os.path.isfile(dstname):
          os.remove(dstname)
        shutil.copy2(srcname, dstname)
      # XXX What about devices, sockets etc.?
    except (IOError, os.error) as why:
      errors.append((srcname, dstname, str(why)))
    # catch the Error from the recursive copytree so that we can
    # continue with other files
    except OSError as err:
      errors.extend(err.args[0])
  try:
    copystat(src, dst)
  except WindowsError:
    # can't copy file access times on Windows
    pass
  except OSError as why:
    errors.extend((src, dst, str(why)))
  if errors:
    raise Error(errors)
if __name__ == '__main__':
  copytree('E:/book', 'E:/newbook')