python之学生信息管理系统 --数据存贮在文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 作者：李宗校
# 出处：TelKing
# 创建时间：2022/5/4 9:12 上午
# 文件名：stusystem.py
import os

filename = 'student.txt'


def main():
    while True:
        menum()
        choice = int(input('请选择'))
        if choice in [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]:
            if choice == 0:
                answer = input('您确定要退出系统吗？y/n')
                if answer == 'y' or answer == 'Y':
                    print('谢谢您的使用')
                    break  # 退出系统
                else:
                    continue
            elif choice == 1:
                insert()  # 录入信息
            elif choice == 2:
                search()  # 搜索信息
            elif choice == 3:
                delete()  # 删除信息
            elif choice == 4:
                modify()  # 修改信息
            elif choice == 5:
                sort()  # 排序
            elif choice == 6:
                total()  # 统计
            elif choice == 7:
                show()  # 展示


def menum():
    print('===============================学生信息管理系统================================')
    print('==================================功能菜单================================')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t\t1.录入学生信息')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t\t2.查找学生信息')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t\t3.删除学生信息')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t\t4.修改学生信息')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t\t5.排序')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t\t6.统计学生总人数')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t\t7.显示所有学生信息')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t\t0.退出')
    print('=============================================================================')


def insert():
    student_list = []
    while True:
        id = input('请输入学生的id(如1001)')
        if not id:
            break
        name = input('请输入姓名:')
        if not name:
            break
        try:
            english = int(input('请输入英语成绩:'))
            python = int(input('请输入Python成绩:'))
            java = int(input('请输入Java成绩:'))
        except:
            print('输入无效，不是整数类型，请重新输入')
            continue
        # 将录入的学生信息保存到字典
        student = {'id': id, 'name': name, 'english': english, 'python': python, 'java': java}
        # 将学生信息放入列表中
        student_list.append(student)
        answer = input('是否继续添加？y/n\n')
        if answer == 'y' or answer == 'Y':
            continue
        else:
            break
    # 调用sava()函数
    sava(student_list)
    print('学生信息录入完毕！')


def sava(list):
    try:
        stu_txt = open(filename, 'a', encoding='utf-8')  # 创建或追加
    except:
        stu_txt = open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8')  # 创建并写入
    for item in list:
        stu_txt.write(str(item) + '\n')  # 循环遍历列表，并将每一项都写入stu_txt
    stu_txt.close()


def search():
    student_query = []
    while True:
        id = ''
        name = ''
        if os.path.exists(filename):
            mode = input('按照ID查找请输入1，按姓名查找请输入2:')
            if mode == '1':
                id = input('请输入学生ID')
            elif mode == '2':
                name = input('请输入学生姓名:')
            else:
                print('您的输入有误，请重新输入')
                search()
            with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
                student = rfile.readlines()
                for item in student:
                    d = dict(eval(item))
                    if id != '':
                        if d['id'] == id:
                            student_query.append(d)
                    elif name != '':
                        if d['name'] == name:
                            student_query.append(d)
            # 显示查询结果
            show_student(student_query)
            # 清空列表
            student_query.clear()
            answer = input('是否继续查询？y/n\n')
            if answer == 'y':
                continue
            else:
                break
        else:
            print('暂未保存学生信息')
            return


def show_student(list):
    if len(list) == 0:
        print('没有查询到学生信息，无数据显示')
        return
    # 定义标题显示格式
    format_title = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^8}\t{:^8}\t{:^8}'
    print(format_title.format('id', '姓名', '英语成绩', 'Python成绩', 'Java成绩', '总成绩'))
    # 定义内容显示格式
    format_data = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^8}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}'
    for item in list:
        print(
            format_data.format(item.get('id'), item.get('name'), item.get('english'), item.get('python'), item.get('java'),
                               int(item.get('english')) + int(item.get('python')) + int(item.get('java'))))


def delete():
    while True:
        student_id = input('请输入要删除的学生id:')
        if student_id != '':
            if os.path.exists(filename):
                with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
                    student_old = file.readlines()
            else:
                student_old = []
            flag = False  # 标记是否删除
            if student_old:
                with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
                    for item in student_old:
                        d = dict(eval(item))  # 字符串转为字典类型
                        if d['id'] != student_id:
                            wfile.write(str(d) + '\n')
                        else:
                            flag = True
                        if flag:
                            print(f'id为{student_id}的学生信息已删除')
                        else:
                            print(f'没有找到{student_id}的学生信息')
            else:
                print('无学生信息')
                break
            show()
            answer = input('是否继续删除？y/n\n')
            if answer == 'y':
                continue
            else:
                break


def modify():
    show()
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            student_old = rfile.readlines()
    else:
        return
    student_id = input('请输入要修改的学生id:')
    with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
        for item in student_old:
            d = dict(eval(item))
            if d['id'] == student_id:
                print('找到学生信息，可以开始修改他的信息了')
                while True:
                    try:
                        d['name'] = input('请输入姓名:')
                        d['english'] = input('请输入英语成绩:')
                        d['python'] = input('请输入Python成绩:')
                        d['java'] = input('请输入Java成绩:')
                    except:
                        print('您输入有误，请重新输入')
                    else:
                        break
                wfile.write(str(d) + '\n')
                print('修改成功')
            else:
                wfile.write(str(d) + '\n')
        answer = input('是否继续修改其他学生信息？y/n \n')
        if answer == 'y':
            modify()


def sort():
    show()
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            student_list = rfile.readlines()
        student_new = []
        for item in student_list:
            d = dict(eval(item))
            student_new.append(d)
    else:
        print('暂无数据')
        return
    asc_or_desc = input('请选择(0.升序 1.降序)：')
    if asc_or_desc == '0':
        asc_or_desc_bool = False
    elif asc_or_desc == '1':
        asc_or_desc_bool = True
    else:
        print('您的输入有误，请重新输入')
        sort()
    mode = input('请选择排序方式(1.按英语成绩排序 2.按Python成绩排序 3.按Java成绩排序 0.按照总成绩排序)')
    if mode == '1':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['english']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode == '2':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['python']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode == '3':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode == '0':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['english']) + int(x['python']) + int(x['java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    else:
        print('您的输入有误，请重新输入')
        sort()
    show_student(student_new)


def total():
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            student = rfile.readlines()
            if student:
                print(f'一共有{len(student)}名学生')
            else:
                print('还没有录入学生信息')
    else:
        print('暂无数据')


def show():
    student_list = []
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            student = rfile.readlines()
            for item in student:
                student_list.append(eval(item))
            if student_list:
                show_student(student_list)
    else:
        print('暂未数据')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()